Hindi - Himachal Pradesh

PAPER-II(i) Hypothesis; Meaning, Function, conditions for a valid Hypothesis, Formulation ofHypothesis, Types and Forms of Hypothesis, Theory of testing Hypotheses--- Simple andcomposite hypothesis, statistical test and critical regions. Two kinds of error, level ofsignificance and power of tests. Optimum critical regions for simple hypothesisconcerning one parameter. Construction of such regions for simples hypothesis relating tonormal population.(ii) Likelihood ratio tests--- Tests involving mean, variance correlation and regressioncoefficients in unvariable and biveriate normal populations, Multiple regression, multipleand partial correlation. Simple non-parametric tests—sign, run-median, rank andrandomization tests Sequential test of a simple hypotheses against a simple alternative(without derivation).(iii) Need for statistical methods, steps in statistical method, sampling techniques, samplingversus complete enumeration, Principle of sampling, Frames and sampling units,Sampling and non-sampling description of multi-stage and multiphase sampling ratio andregression, methods of estimation. Designing of simple surveys and reference to recentlarge-scale surveys in India.(iv) Linear statistical models, Theory of Least squares and Analysis of variance, NormalEquations, Least squares estimates and their precision, Test of significance, and intervalestimates based on least squares theory in one-way, two-way and three-way classifieddata.(v) Design of Experiments---Analysis of variance and coveriance with equal number ofobservation in “the cells” Transformation of variate to stabilize variance. Principle ofexperimental designs, completely randomized, randomized block and Latin squaredesigns, missing plot techniques. Factorial experiments and confounding in 2s [s=2 (i)51.3 and 3 3 ] designs. Split pot design, Balanced incomplete designs and simple lattice.URDUPAER-IANSWER MUST BE WRITTEN IN URDUSECTION – A(a) Group of the New Indo – Aryan Language: Western Hindi and its dialect – Khari Boli,Brij Bhasha and Haryanivi;(b) Relation of Urdu to Khari Bili and Persio- Arabic elements in Urdu;(c) Development of Urdu from 1300 to 1800 in the North and 1400 – 1700 in Deccan;(d) Theories about the origin of Urdu Language;(i) Dakhani Urdu, Origin and Development, its significant distinctive features.(ii) 18 th Century’s Urdu poetry with special reference to Mir-o-Mirza.SECTION – B(a) Genre and their development.Poetry: Ghazal, Qasida, Masnavi, Marsia, Rubai, Jadeed Nazm.Prose: Dastan, Novel, Short story, Khutoot, Drama.(b) (i) Significant feature of: (i) Delhi and Lucknow Schools(ii) Sir Syed movement and Progressive Movement.