Future of an Ageing Population

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Residents of specialised housing generally show high levels of satisfaction, improved wellbeing, better health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs 82 . Specialised housing is also likely to be more in-demand as the population ages, with one prediction suggesting a 70% increase in demand by 2033 to 86,000 units per year 84 . Growth in demand is likely to be driven by higher numbers of older people with acute or chronic disabilities. This ageing population is not the only trend that will affect the demand for homes in the future – social trends will also play an important role. Whereas the vast majority of older people currently live as married couples 35 , 66% of all people living in one-person households by 2037 will be aged 65 and over 81 . This may be due in part to increasing divorce rates – between 2003 and 2013 the divorce rate of women over 60 increased by 21% from a rate of 1.4 to 1.7 per thousand married women 85 . Any increase in demand for suitable housing for single older people has implications for the size and variety of housing needed. The changing demand is occurring in the context of historic falls in homebuilding rates over the past decades 86 . This can risk a drop in provision of housing for older people. Policy Implication The ageing population will change demand for housing. In particular, it is likely that more adaptable and specialised housing will be needed. 4.2 Meeting the changing demand for housing Potential ways to meet the changing demand for housing could involve providing suitable new homes, ensuring that the existing housing stock is appropriate and adaptable, and helping people to move to a home that is appropriate for their needs 87 . There are challenges to meeting the increased demand for specialised housing. If current build rates continue (see Figure 4.2), it is likely that the needs of the increasing numbers of older disabled people will not be met. There is a regional element to this – more specialised housing has been built in the South of England than the North relative to the number of older households in those regions 88 . This is despite people in the North being more likely to live with disabilities for longer 89 . There are also regional variations in the provision and cost of providing care homes 90 . The funding needs of an area are affected by both the demands of the population, and the cost of providing the individual places in that location. P52
30 Number of homes built (thousands) 24 18 12 6 1955 1961 1967 1973 1979 1985 1991 1997 2003 2009 2015 Year Tenure type: For rent For sale Figure 4.2: Number of specialised homes built in England by tenure type, 1951-2015 91 . Although meeting the demand for specialised housing is important, it is likely to remain a relatively small part of the solution. Currently only 7% of older people live in specialised housing 82 . The suitability of mainstream housing is therefore likely to have a greater impact on the ageing population. Despite this, the majority of guidance on design for older people focuses on specialised housing. For example, two thirds of people with dementia live in mainstream housing 92 but research on design for dementia primarily focuses on specialised accommodation 93 . Inadequacies in current housing stock are likely to continue to cause problems because, even in 2050, the majority of housing stock will have been built before 2000 94 . The adaptability of existing stock is therefore crucial. Financial assistance to future-proof homes can help people pay for adjustments to their homes. For example, evidence suggests that the Disabled Facilities Grant administered by local councils, decreases financial outlay in the longer term by reducing home care needs and the residential care requirements 95 . One of the potential challenges to adjusting homes will be the possibility of a reduction P53
Page 1 and 2: Future of an Ageing Population P1
Page 3 and 4: Foreword People in the UK are livin
Page 5 and 6: The Government Office for Science w
Page 7 and 8: Learning and training will become o
Page 9 and 10: across different socio-economic gro
Page 11 and 12: Priorities include: • Adapting he
Page 13 and 14: Box A: Perceptions of youth and old
Page 15 and 16: P15
Page 17 and 18: • Keating, N , Kwan, D., Hillcoat
Page 19 and 20: Population ageing refers to a chang
Page 21 and 22: 70 95 Life expectancy at birth (yea
Page 23 and 24: Increased life expectancy is the re
Page 25 and 26: Work Population ageing, combined wi
Page 27 and 28: Box 1.3: Pension landscape People w
Page 29 and 30: 2.1 Longer working lives Working la
Page 31 and 32: 100 80 Employment rate (%) 60 40 20
Page 33 and 34: However, there is evidence that the
Page 35 and 36: Country Turkey Denmark Bulgaria Cyp
Page 37 and 38: 50 Percentage of people (%) 40 30 2
Page 39 and 40: Box 2.1: Special circumstances rela
Page 41 and 42: and learning faced by older people.
Page 43 and 44: 3.1 Lifelong learning to enhance me
Page 45 and 46: and numerical skills. People withou
Page 47 and 48: smaller proportion of men of any ag
Page 49 and 50: Policy Implication Participation in
Page 51: 4.1 Changing demand for housing In
Page 55 and 56: younger people who commit to provid
Page 57 and 58: 4.3 The importance of the wider nei
Page 59 and 60: International Case Study: De Hogewe
Page 61 and 62: 5 Number of people (millions) 4 3 2
Page 63 and 64: Policy Implication Many of today’
Page 65 and 66: 5.1 Family trends occurring in para
Page 67 and 68: 100 90 80 Unweighted data Weighted
Page 69 and 70: In general, evidence suggests that
Page 71 and 72: 5.4 The impact of ageing and ‘ver
Page 73 and 74: Age (years) 65+ Care receipt 2007 2
Page 75 and 76: approach overlooks interdependencie
Page 77 and 78: 6.1 Changing health and care needs
Page 79 and 80: Social isolation affects 7-17% of o
Page 81 and 82: transfer of care into the community
Page 83 and 84: combine health and social care skil
Page 85 and 86: 6.4 Medical and assistive technolog
Page 87 and 88: can apply for benefits. Application
Page 89 and 90: 7.1 Benefits of connectivity Connec
Page 91 and 92: Travel habits change over the life
Page 93 and 94: Policy Implication Different age gr
Page 95 and 96: 100 Proportion of respondents who u
Page 97 and 98: Percentage of internet non-users (T
Page 99 and 100: Policy Implication Virtual connecti
Page 101 and 102: The response to an ageing populatio
Page 103 and 104:
ced impact ess, including rm condit
Page 105 and 106:
Term Accredited training Age struct
Page 107 and 108:
Morbidity rate Multi-morbidity Non-
Page 109 and 110:
P109
Page 111 and 112:
1 DWP (2011) Predictors of attitude
Page 113 and 114:
36 ONS (2016) Regional labour marke
Page 115 and 116:
71 Eurostat (2014) Table: Individua
Page 117 and 118:
107 Sugiyama, T. and Ward Thompson,
Page 119 and 120:
147 Harper, S. (2016), Population A
Page 121 and 122:
183 O’Reilly, D. et al. (2015) Ca
Page 123 and 124:
219 Burton, E. and Mitchell, L. (20
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Future of an Ageing Population

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