2007_6_Nr6_EEMJ

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Robu et al. /Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 6 (2007), 6, 573-592 Robu B., Bulgariu L., Bulgariu D., Macoveanu M., (2007), Environmental impact and risk quantification of minerals and heavy metals presence in surface water: Case study – Bahlui River, Iasi, Proceedings of International Conference on Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (RICCCE), Bucharest, Revue Roumaine de Chimie, in press. Ronza A., Carol S., Espejo V., Vilches J.A., Arnaldos J., (2006), A quantitative risk analysis approach to port hydrocarbon logistics, Journal of Hazardous Materials A128, 10-24. Sadiq R., Khan F.I., (2006), An integrated approach for risk based life cycle assessment and multi-criteria decisionmaking: Selection, design, and evaluation of cleaner and greener processes, Business Process Management Journal, 12, 770-792. Smith K., (1995), Environmental Hazards. Assessing Risk and Reducing Disaster, Rutledge, London, UK. Tixier J., Dusserre G., Salvi O., Gaston D., (2002), Review of 62 risk analysis methodologies of industrial plants, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 15, 291-303. Wood C., (1995), Environmental Impact Assessment, A Comparative Review, Longman Scientific & Technical, Essex, UK. ***http://www.uneptie.org/pc/pc/tools/pdfs/EIA2-rpt.pdf 592
Environmental Engineering and Management Journal November/December 2007, Vol.6, No.6, 593-596 http://omicron.ch.tuiasi.ro/EEMJ/ “Gh. Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Romania ______________________________________________________________________________________________ COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SOME ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEGETABLES AND FRUITS Alina Soceanu 1∗ , Simona Dobrinas 1 , Viorica Popescu 1 , Semaghiul Birghila 1 , Vasile Magearu 2 1 Ovidius University of Constanta, Department of Chemistry, 124 Mamaia Blvd, 900527 Constanta, Romania 2 Bucharest University, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 4-12 Elisabeta Blvd., 030018, Bucharest, Romania Abstract Some industry activities in the area of Constanta (Romania) contribute to the polluting of the environment with heavy metals. In order to estimate the pollution level and the danger created by this phenomenon, some analyses are required with regard to determining the concentration of the pollutant metals in plants samples. The investigated metals were determined by flame atomic absorbtion spectrometry in different types of vegetables and fruits, after the chemical mineralization of the sample with a Digesdahl device. These levels were compared with those from literature. Key words: metals Fe, Mn, Cd, Zn, Cu, FAAS, pollutants vegetables, fruits 1. Introduction The concentration of heavy metals in the soil is an important issue with regards to human health. Ingestion of vegetables grown in contaminated soil may pose health issues. The accumulation of metals varies greatly both between species and cultivars. Heavy metals are not readily absorbed by plants. Generally, plants translocate larger quantities of metals to their leaves than to their fruits or seeds. For the determinations of metals in plants various techniques were used, such as total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF) (Varga et al., 1999), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Psaras and Manetas, 2001; Belakova et al., 1998), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (Moraghan et al., 2002; Beebe et al, 2000), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (Perronnetk at al., 2003; Masson, 1999), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Ivanova et al., 2001; Li et al., 1998). Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) is probably the most widely used technique for analyzing a variety of metals in food due to its relatively low cost and excellent analytical performances. In this study, samples of vegetables (bean, pea, carrot, cucumber) and fruits (peach and nectarine) produced in the area of Constanta (Romania) were analyzed to determine their content in Fe, Mn, Cd, Zn and Cu by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and compared with those obtained by other authors. 2. Experimental 2.1. Reagents and solutions All metal stock solutions (1000 mg/L) were prepared by dissolving the appropriate amounts of the metals or compounds in dilute acids (1:1) and then diluting them with deionised water. The working solutions were prepared by diluting the stock solutions to appropriate volumes. The nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide solutions used were of analytical grade, purchased from Merck. ∗ Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed: asoceanu@univ-ovidius.ro
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