The Ultimate Body Language Book

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Raghubir, P. and A. Valenzuela. 2006. Center-of-inattention: position biases in decision-making. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 99 (1): 66-80. Rogers, W. T. and S. E. Jones. 1975. Effects of dominance tendencies on floor holding and interruption behavior in dyadic interaction. Human Communication Research I: 113-122. Roger, D. B. and W. Nesshoever. 1987. Individual differences in dyadic conversational strategies: a further study. British Journal of Social Psychology 26: 247-754 Roger, D. B. and A. Schumacher. 1983. Effects of individual differences on dyadic conversational strategies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 45(3): 700-705. Remland, M. S. and T. S. Jones 1995. Interpersonal Distance, Body Orientation, and Touch: Effects of Culture, Gender, and Age. Journal of Social Psychology 135(3): 281-297. Rosenfeld, H., Breck, B., Smith, S., & Kehoe, S. 1984. Intimacy-mediators of the proximity-gaze compensation effect: Movement, conversational role, acquaintance, and gender. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. 8: 235-249. Rosengrant, T., & McCroskey, J. 1975. The effects of sex and race on proxemic behavior in an interview setting. The Southern Speech Communication Journal, 40: 408-420. Russell, James A. 1995. Facial Expressions of Emotion: What Lies Beyond Minimal Universality? Psychological bulletin. 118(3): 379-391. Russell, James A. 1994. Is There Universal Recognition of Emotion From Facial Expression? A Review of the Cross-Cultural Studies. Psychological Bulletin. 115(1): 102-141. Rutter, D.C; D. C. Pennington, M. E. Dewey and J. Swain. 1984. Eye-contact as a chance product of individual looking: Implications for the intimacy model of Argyle and Dean. Source: Journal of nonverbal behavior. 8(4): 250-258. Riess, M. and P. Rosenfeld. 1980. Seating preferences as nonverbal communication: a selfpresentational analysis. Journal of Applied Communications Research 8(1): 22. Richard Tessler and Lisa Sushelsky. 1978. Effects of eye contact and social status on the perception of a job applicant in an employment interviewing situation. Journal of Vocational Behavior 13(3): 338- 347. R. Stephen and R. Zweigenhaft. 1986. The effect on tipping of a waitress touching male and female customers. The Journal of Social Psychology 126 pp. 141–142. -S- Schleidt, 1980. Personal odor and nonverbal communication. Ethology and Sociobiology. 1(3): 225- 231. Scherer, K.R., Wallbott, H.G., Matsumoto, D., Kudoh, T., 1988. Emotional experience in cultural context: a comparison between Europe, Japan, and the United states. In: Scherer, K.R. (Ed.), Faces of Emotions. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. Scherer,K.R., Johnstone,T., Klasmeyer,G., 2003. Vocal expression of emotion. In: Davidson,R., Scherer, K., Goldsmith, H. (Eds.), Handbook of Affective Sciences. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 433–456. Sommer, R. 1965. Further studies of small group ecology. Sociometry 28: 337-348. Sommer, R. 1967. Small group ecology. Psychological Bulletin 67(2): 145-152.
Sommer, R. 1967. Socifugal space. American Journal of Sociology 72(6): 654-659. Sommer, R. 1959. Studies in personal space. Sociometry 22: 247-260. Sommer, R. and R. Hugo. 1958. Social interaction on a geriatrics ward. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 4(2): 128-133. Sommer, R. 1967. Classroom ecology. The Journal Of Applied Behavioral Science 3(4): 489-503. Sporer, S. L. and B. Schwandt. 2007. Moderators of nonverbal indicators of deception: A meta-analytic synthesis. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 13: 1-34. Stromwell, L. A., P. A. Granhag, and S. Landstrom. 2007. Children’s prepared and unprepared lies: can adults see through their strategies? Applied Cognitive Psychology 21 (4): 457-471. Sitton, Sarah C; Griffin, Susan T. 1981. Detection of deception from clients’ eye contact patterns. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 28(3): 269-271. Stephen, Jolly. 2000. Understanding body language: Birdwhistell’s theory of kinesics Corporate communications. 5(3): 133-139. Simons, D.J., and Chabris, C.F. 1999. Gorillas in our midst: Sustained inattentional blindness for dynamic events. Perception 28: 1059-1074. Simonet, Versteeg, & Storie 2005 Dog Laughter: Recorded playback reduces stress related behavior in shelter dogs. 7th International Conference on Environmental Enrichment (2005) Stephenson, G. M. and B. K. Kniveton. 1978. Interpersonal and interparty exchange: an experimental study of the effect of seating position on the outcome of negotiations between teams representing parties in dispute. Human Relations 31(6): 555-566. Sato, W. and S. Yoshikawa. 2007. Spontaneous facial mimicry in response to dynamic facial expressions. Cognition 104(1): 1-18 Simone, Pika; Nicoladis, Elena; Marentette, Paula, F. A cross-cultural study on the use of gestures: Evidence for cross-linguistic transfer? Bilingualism Language and Cognition. 9(3): 319 -327 Sandoval. 2001. Subtle skills for building rapport: using neuro-linguistic programming in the interview room. FBI law enforcement bulletin. 70(8): 1-635. Skinner. 2003. Speaking the same language: the relevance of neuro-linguistic programming to effective marketing communications Source: Journal of Marketing Communications. 9(3): 177-192. Silverman, I., & Eals, M. 1992. Sex differences in spatial abilities: Evolutionary theory and data. In J. H. Barkow, L. Cosmides, & J. Tooby (Eds.), The adapted mind: Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture (pp. 531–549). New York: Oxford Press. Smith, D. E., Gier, J. A., & Willis, F. N. 1982. Interpersonal touch and compliance with a marketing request. Basic and Applied Social Psychology. 3: 35-38. Strodtbeck Fred L. and L. Harmon Hook 1961. The social dimensions of a twelve-man jury table. Sociometry. 24(4): 397-415. Stephen Reysen. 2006. A New Predictor of Likeability: Laughter. North American journal of psychology. 8(2): 373-382. Scharlemann, Jorn P. W., Eckel, Catherine C., Kacelnik, Alex, Wilson, Rick K. 2001. The value of a smile: Game theory with a human face. Journal of Economic Psychology. 22(5): 617-640.
Page 1 and 2:
Chapter 1 - Why The Study Of Body L
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Looking Askance And Eye Rolling Ste
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The Stiff Or Curved Arm Objects As
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The Male Crotch Display Eliminating
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How To Accurately Read Lies Comfort
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Head down with hand to mouth is a
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publish it through the www.BodyLang
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Itchy nose or does this mean someth
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and then relate the body language s
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people’s natural desires to pleas
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mind and create positive or negativ
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to the world around us, and the sti
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pulled across the mouth, but the mu
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after years apart, or when someone
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these class of neurons might be rel
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keep the conversation going. They
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Subconscious facial expressions can
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arricades to block ourselves from v
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Chapter 2 - The Basics Of Understan
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accurately judge a person. The rule
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We regularly place more importance
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statements that are taken out of co
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on the spot, and in real time. Chap
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idiosyncrasy. Does this mean that e
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to be compare to a baseline as they
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such as postures and signals or in
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than simple observation. While Wats
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Millions of years ago, we gave up q
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fact there is a class of body langu
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speak, by observation and practice.
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Body language makes the intent of a
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We rarely catch women checking men
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Asymmetrical posture shows a lack o
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4. Keep your midsection tight to as
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kissing, back slapping, high fives,
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that create relief. Someone that is
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exercise except in this case the en
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especially as the evening progresse
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when people suffer from illness per
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Much debate has been raised about t
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present, the Japanese more than the
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Chapter 3 - Cultural Differences Em
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This “a-okay” gesture means goo
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Chapter 3 - Cultural Differences Il
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Chapter 3 - Cultural Differences Af
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Chapter 3 - Cultural Differences Re
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Chapter 3 - Cultural Differences Ad
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characteristics. It is general in n
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of the speech during conversation.
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Chapter 3 - Cultural Differences Cu
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Disgust.
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into facial emotion recognition and
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ecome more uniform, so too does the
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The handshake is quickly becoming t
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Chapter 4 - Space and Territory Int
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Chapter 4 - Space and Territory Pro
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An arm is extended to indicate that
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Personal Space Distances 1. Intimat
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wave of the hand in the country is
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This is a comfortable body ready fo
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Chapter 4 - Space and Territory Spa
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e it to respect it by reading their
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overtly show that they are being in
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its hidden meaning. Chapter 5 - See
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Chapter 5 - Seeing Eye To Eye - A L
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stance causing them to drop their a
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pocket money, looking for someone t
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females. The men in the study were
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preparation for action so we won’
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A second related nonverbal behavior
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flash it lasts on average for only
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This interest posture is hard to mi
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a good solid attempt should be made
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their thoughts. For most right-hand
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6) Kinesthetic Remembered (Tactile
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words), kinesthetic (touch) and vis
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meeting, so as to either, remedy th
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negative cue done to avoid harmful
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Chapter 6 - Smiles and Laughter The
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The uneven smile. This one is a fak
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Liars also find it difficult to smi
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Research on smiles has been a hot t
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Chimpanzees, like humans have two c
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our faces a break. We know instinct
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“Wipe that grin off your face”.
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egardless of their emotional state.
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is why it is important to surround
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Chapter 6 - Smiles and Laughter Is
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fun of a sprinter for being slow, i
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Chapter 6 - Smiles and Laughter Sum
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determine the thoughts, feelings an
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obstruction from any limbs or objec
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His ventral display says that he’
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Chapter 7 - Opened Mind Opened Body
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Wrists displays shows comfort. I th
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Pockets make great hand-hiding plac
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parties hands might graduate away.
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something. Rubbing the hands togeth
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The “politicians gesture” comes
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The “offerer” wants to give you
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Any time a part of the body crosses
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An abbreviated arm cross where the
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The coffee cup barrier - even drink
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Cutting off ventral access is a clo
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Good things are not on the horizon.
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up it would be worthwhile to contin
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The legs therefore, are a great ind
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Women with legs open are often seen
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their legs as a dominance display a
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seated or standing. While seated th
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palm down, as if to dry them, and y
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disagreement at every turn. The fig
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posture occurs by placing one or bo
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we are already committed, our feet
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_______ Feet together - attentive.
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If one person fails to open up, usu
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In this chapter we will cover an en
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There are cues that can eliminate,
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includes submissive gestures so som
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een noted that taller men are signi
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This cop knows his game. By keeping
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Chapter 8 - Dominant and Submissive
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verbal language. Let’s take anoth
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at all since all you stand to lose
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we saw before, the figure-four-leg
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might foster mirroring where they m
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the body take up more space and hen
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very pronounced compared to many ot
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downwards towards the crotch. Popul
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A challenge to fight - the chin pop
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superiority and royalty has made th
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space, leaning on their cars, putti
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onds. Dominant people figure that w
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Further research shows that justifi
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oth be made more healthy just by sh
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can link them in our minds, yet kee
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Hugging one’s self is a defensive
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elbow in the hand while that arm is
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Arm gripping is a sign that someone
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eadiness to attack. It can also be
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A purse can be used as a shield to
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higher than a few inches, or the ha
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The chair is a prop used to shield
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conditions, so we might benefit fro
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Chapter 9 -Defensive And Aggressive
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Fists clenching is an early sign of
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Nose flaring or “nasal wing dilat
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This isn’t going well - she looks
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Chapter 10 - Attentive And Evaluati
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A slouched appearance is a clear me
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cartoons. The cliché says that the
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is disliked. However, there is anot
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the glasses signifies deep thought.
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form a bridge. In this posture fing
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interlocked hands as if praying but
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one’s self back” as one might d
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Pinching the bridge of the nose. Ch
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emotions we talk about what motivat
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Burying yourself in a book or liste
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smoothing clothing, rotating a wedd
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The fight or flight response is a b
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Chapter 11 - Emotional Body Languag
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Extreme anxiety causes the desire t
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Clenching and gripping can have man
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A hand-to-mouth gesture used to pla
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Tugging at the ears helps distract
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is also in effort to self sooth. Wi
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indicate confrontation due to anger
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as the fingers stroke the inside of
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need to mouth it, and yet it, so as
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When the mouth becomes inverted in
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Pushing the tongue through compress
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Sneering often happens as a microex
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The ear grab refers to a subconscio
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Itchy nose or does this mean someth
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aggressive with their gestures and
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These legs are interested - note ho
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where the toe is facing down, but t
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useful skill in reading people. Bei
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Happiness. Happiness (smile): The g
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__________ Ever thought about why o
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would identify the policemen as par
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mimicry of postures, mannerisms, fa
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[D] Keeping the legs uncrossed. [E]
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an imagined negotiation scenario wh
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loose situation where one person wi
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dialect, speech rate or tempo, pitc
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Chapter 12 - Mirroring And Building
Page 451 and 452:
undetected lest it cause irreversib
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although it can be helpful to women
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Some men are naturals - the rest of
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‘Accidental touching’ is a subt
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals The
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals She
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The “hands on hips” or hands
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Tibi
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The Forehead Bow, Smiling And Child
Page 469 and 470:
Tickling and other play related act
Page 471 and 472:
Shoulder shrugs make the outline of
Page 473 and 474:
parts aren’t inherently sexy on t
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Hair tossing is done by women to sh
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also tend to carry low hip-to-waist
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Groo
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals The
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Hiki
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correlate it back to their fertilit
Page 487 and 488:
good signal of attraction. Sometime
Page 489 and 490:
Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Echo
Page 491 and 492:
Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Kiss
Page 493 and 494:
dropper here and there with regards
Page 495 and 496:
If this sort of tactic makes you un
Page 497 and 498:
Women prefer men with square jaws a
Page 499 and 500:
features and “dance” for them.
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There are a few postures that men u
Page 503 and 504:
effectively to attract his attentio
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Domi
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the same position for too long. Rat
Page 509 and 510:
Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Tona
Page 511 and 512:
Even stone faced women can be broke
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the mating dance, men can see these
Page 515 and 516:
Hand touches shoulder. This form of
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Chapter 13 - Courtship Signals Summ
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customer and should be respected. T
Page 521 and 522:
expect it. Anyone lower in the food
Page 523 and 524:
they are doing when they shake hand
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normal. Three pumps is recommended
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Chapter 14 - Office Body Language H
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Chapter 14 - Office Body Language L
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Chapter 14 - Office Body Language H
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Chapter 14 - Office Body Language W
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Chapter 14 - Office Body Language R
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sit because, and what affect seatin
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Boardrooms present an interesting p
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Chapter 15 - Seating Arrangements C
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are already a part of your team and
Page 545 and 546:
ooks, papers and other belongings t
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Chapter 15 - Seating Arrangements S
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Chapter 15 - Seating Arrangements S
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Chapter 15 - Seating Arrangements C
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was the trickle down effect where t
Page 555 and 556:
Chapter 15 - Seating Arrangements O
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A low rank desk arrangement because
Page 559 and 560:
alance between looking out the wind
Page 561 and 562:
He’s already a bit taller than me
Page 563 and 564:
eceiving a D or F from twenty-three
Page 565 and 566:
Touching the nose has long been use
Page 567 and 568:
question “Does this dress make me
Page 569 and 570:
Chapter 16 - Deception and Lie Dete
Page 571 and 572:
while lying was taking place. For e
Page 573 and 574:
create facts instead of simply reca
Page 575 and 576:
One of the most reported cues of de
Page 577 and 578:
To avoid detection, under the ‘fr
Page 579 and 580:
catcher braced and ducked with his
Page 581 and 582:
Chapter 16 - Deception and Lie Dete
Page 583 and 584: Chapter 16 - Deception and Lie Dete
Page 585 and 586: ecognition software that reads all
Page 587 and 588: __________ False smile: Where the e
Page 609 and 610: Such devices are new and their effe
Page 615 and 616: denial statements such as nodding
Page 617 and 618: level of guilt. 4. If possible have
Page 619 and 620: info. This is public info after the
Page 621 and 622: Evolution and Human Behavior. 27(1)
Page 623 and 624: Communication Research. 13 (3): 345
Page 625 and 626: 21(4): 1-10. Frank M.G. and Ekman P
Page 627 and 628: Hecht, M.A. and LaFrance, M. 1988.
Page 629 and 630: Knackstedt, G., & Kleinke, C. L. (1
Page 631 and 632: exploring the accuracy of visitor a
Page 633: Peluchette, J. V., K. Karl, and K.
Page 637 and 638: nonverbal behavior. 21: 87-102. Vri
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