Revista Tinerilor Economiºti (The Young Economists Journal)

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Economic Theories – International Economic Relations York and Geneva, 2010, http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/tdr2010_en.pdf 10. * * * The projection of the main macroeconomic indicators for the period 2010-2014, September 2010, www.cnp.ro 11. * * * http://data.worldbank.org/indicator Annexe no.1 Aggregate demand (and its components), Employment and GDP, 1990-2009 Final Real Domestic Net EMP. EMP.* Anii Consumption (C) Investments (I) Demand (DD) GDP Export (E) 1990 679,5 259,5 939,0 857,9 -81,1 10840 9953,4 1991 567,1 209,6 776,6 747,2 -29,4 10786 10284,5 1992 524,7 214,0 738,8 681,5 -57,3 10458 10731,5 1993 526,0 200,1 726,1 691,7 -34,4 10062 10526,8 1994 555,2 178,3 733,5 718,7 -14,8 10011 9958,6 1995 625,9 186,8 812,8 769,7 -43,1 9493 9432,9 1996 660,4 206,8 867,1 799,7 -67,4 9379 9396,2 1997 649,1 154,9 804,0 750,9 -53,0 9023 8779,1 1998 640,1 127,2 767,3 714,9 -52,4 8813 8476,8 1999 631,1 107,3 738,4 706,3 -32,1 8420 8282,7 2000 621,5 140,1 761,6 723,3 -38,3 8629 8825,1 2001 652,9 169,7 822,6 764,5 -58,2 8563 8949,8 2002 671,9 176,8 848,7 803,5 -45,2 8329 8875,4 2003 722,8 185,7 908,5 845,3 -63,2 8306 8535,4 2004 782,5 217,1 999,6 917,1 -82,4 8238 8427,5 2005 830,2 222,5 1052,8 955,6 -97,1 8390 8068,1 2006 882,2 272,8 1155,0 1031,1 -123,9 8469 8292,5 2007 908,8 339,5 1248,3 1096,1 -152,3 8726 8975,6 2008 961,8 367,7 1329,5 1176,1 -153,4 8747 8884,3 2009 883,9 273,1 1157,1 1092,6 -64,5 8256 8281,8 DD= C+I; GDP- Gross Domestic Product (domestic supply); E =GDP – DD; EMP- civil employment (thousands persons); C, I, DD, GDP and E are expressed in billions lei, constant prices (reference basis - the year 1990), calculated based on data from the Romanian Statistical Yearbook, 1990-2008 time series, NIS, 2009 and The projection of the main macroeconomic indicators for the period 2010-2014, September 2010, www.cnp.ro; *the level of the employed population determined by the simultanous influence of the components of aggregate demand. Model 1 2 (Constant) Final consumption Real investments Net export (Constant) Final consumption Real investments a. Dependent Variable: Employment Annexe no.2 Coefficients a Unstandardized Standardized Coefficients Coefficients Collinearity Statistics B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Tolerance VIF 12533,180 737,373 16,997 ,000 -9,093 1,348 -1,368 -6,744 ,000 ,241 4,149 13,889 2,442 1,044 5,687 ,000 ,294 3,397 ,067 5,690 ,003 ,012 ,991 ,159 6,305 12539,768 465,933 26,913 ,000 -9,104 ,959 -1,370 -9,490 ,000 ,448 2,231 13,872 1,920 1,043 7,225 ,000 ,448 2,231 143
Revista Tinerilor Economişti (The Young Economists Journal) SOCIO - ECONOMIC ASPECTS IN THE EUROPEAN AREA, BY TYPES OF REGIONS 48 Researcher Cristina Neculai Ph. D National Institute for Economic Research Economics and Management of Agricultural and Food Production, The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies Abstract: The analysis of the territory, of the population, of the gross value added and of the employment by types of regions ("predominantly rural", "intermediate" and "predominantly urban" regions) allows us to observe, on the one hand, the concentration of these indicators by regions and, on the other hand, the importance of the regions from the perspective of ensuring these resources for the naţional economy. Also, the analysis of the employment and the gross value added in the non-agricultural sector express the sources of these indicators on the sectors of the national economy: the primary, the secondary and the tertiary sectors. The comparative analysis of the indicators registered by our country with the other indicators of EU countries helps us to observe where Romania is positioned in European Union, in terms of economic and social activity. JEL classification: O18, R11, Q10 Key words: predominantly rural regions, predominantly urban regions, intermediate regions, non-agricultural sector I. THE IMPORTANCE OF RURAL AREAS, BY TYPES OF DE REGIONS • , IN ROMANIA 48 This paper is suported by the Sectorial Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP HRD), financed from the European Social Fund and by the Romanian Government under the contract number SOP HRD/89/1.5/S/62988”. Titles and intellectual and industrial property rights on the results of the post-doctoral research programme belong to The National Institute of Economic Research "Costin C. Kiriţescu of the Romanian Academy • In 2010, the European Commission agreed on a new European Union typology of “predominantly rural”, “intermediate” and “predominantly urban” regions which is based on a variation of the OECD methodology that was previously used. This new typology uses a population grid of one square kilometre resolution which for Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Austria and The Netherlands is based on real census data (see European Forum for GeoStatistics (EFGS). For the remaining Member States, it uses the disaggregation grid created by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), based on LAU2 population and CORINE land cover. The method builds on a simple approach to create clusters of urban grid cells with a minimum population density of 300 inhabitants per km² and a minimum population of 5 000 (to determine the „urban clusters”, the grid cells are grouped based on contiguity (including the diagonals); if the central cell is above the density threshold, it will be grouped with each of the other surrounding eight cells that exceed the density threshold). All the cells outside these urban clusters are considered as rural. The population living in rural areas is the population living outside the urban areas identified through the method described above. Local administrative units level 2 (LAU2) are classified based on the share of population in rural cells following the majority principle (a LAU2 is rural if at least 50% of the residents lives in rural areas). 144
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ISSN 1583-9982
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