WEST KIMBERLEY PLACE REPORT - Department of Sustainability ...

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G The place has outstanding heritage value to the nation because of the place's strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. decorate the interior of the church, particularly the sanctuary, demonstrates a high degree of artistic excellence and technical finesse. The place continues to be highly valued by the Beagle Bay Aboriginal community today because of the considerable Aboriginal involvement in its construction and decoration. The Sacred Heart Church at Beagle Bay mission has outstanding heritage value to the nation under criterion (f) for the high degree of creative and technical achievement in the use of pearl shell and other locally sourced media to decorate the interior, combining western religious and Aboriginal motifs. Technical response to environmental constraints Double log raft Aboriginal people built strong, light rafts to navigate the treacherous waters of the west Kimberley coast. Rips, whirlpools and overfalls created by the massive twelve metre tides made navigation through the maze of islands and waterways a serious undertaking. While a navigational hazard, these strong tidal currents, provided opportunities for skilled and knowledgeable Aboriginal people to travel long distances to hunt, trade and maintain social and cultural obligations. The manufacture of the double log raft from mangrove logs (particularly Rhizophora stylosa) is a unique adaptation to the massive tidal variation of the west Kimberley and has outstanding heritage value to the nation under criterion (f) for demonstrating a high degree of technical achievement by Aboriginal people in the course of Australia's cultural history. Wealth of the Land and Sea European pearling Broome has a special association with the Australian community as an iconic place, once the pearling capital of Australia. This association has in part an idealised aspect relating to the romance of Old Broome, its pearling luggers and its location on a remote and beautiful coast. Today the Australian community continues to be drawn to Broome and the nearby region because of the romance of Broome, its pearling history, its remote and beautiful location at the gateway to the Kimberley's outback and pearling coast, its association with pearls and the town's stories associated with the development of a unique Australian community with a distinctive cultural diversity. The people of Broome celebrate and recognise their pearling history and diverse cultural heritage today in the annual Shinju Matsuri Festival. Broome and the nearby region has outstanding (intangible) heritage value to the nation under criterion (g) as a place which has a special association with the Australian community because of the romance of Broome, its pearling history, its remote and beautiful location at the gateway to the Kimberley's outback and pearling coast, its association with pearls and the town's stories associated with the development of a unique Australian community with a distinctive cultural diversity. Above threshold 15
H The place has outstanding heritage value to the nation because of the place's special association with the life or works of a person, or group of persons, of importance in Australia's natural or cultural history. I The place has outstanding heritage value to the nation because of the place's importance as part of Indigenous tradition. Contact, Change and continuity European explorers William Dampier (Cygnet) l688 landing place William Dampier first made observations of Australia and its Indigenous people at Karrakatta Bay and the nearby environment. His accounts of Australia and his other voyages around the world established Dampier as an expert, in his time, on the Pacific and Australia. His travel experiences described in his writing stimulated eighteenth century European exploration of the Pacific and Australia and foreshadowed the later voyages of Cook. The William Dampier (Cygnet) 1688 landing place has outstanding heritage value to the nation under criterion (h) for its special association with the life and work of William Dampier. Indigenous resistance: Jandamarra The late timing of the settlement and the impenetrable nature of the Devonian Reef helped create the man and the legend of Jandamarra - a man brought up in two worlds, whose detailed knowledge of European methods to contain Aboriginal resistance and his capacity to pass those skills on to his Bunuba countrymen and women, severely threatened the colonising project. While Jandamarra did not act alone, his abilities to disappear and avoid capture, and to appear to even cheat death itself, made him a much feared adversary to Europeans and a powerful leader amongst his own people. The limestone ranges of the Devonian Reef, known to the Bunuba as Barlil, has outstanding value to the nation under criterion (h) for its association with Jandamarra, whose campaign of resistance was unprecedented in Australian history, as was the ferocity of the police and settler response. Jandamarra's death in 1897 ended the last large-scale organised violent resistance by Aboriginal people in Australia's cultural history. Wanjina–Wunggurr Tradition The Wanjina-Wunggurr tradition, with features including the painted images of Wanjina and Gwion Gwion in rock shelters across the west Kimberley, provides testimony of a complex association of socio-religious beliefs that continues to be central to the laws and customs of the Wanjina-Wunggurr people. Together, the Wanjina and the Wunggurr Snake are believed to be the manifestations of a life force, also called Wunggurr, which permeates the Wanjina-Wunggurr cosmos and is imbued in all living forms. The creative association of the Wanjina and the Wunggurr Snake is represented in the religious narratives and manifested in the painted images on rock, and as other features in the land, sea and sky including natural rock formations and man-made stone arrangements. Members of the Wanjina-Wunggurr society trace their descent to the Wanjina ancestral beings. Wanjina 'rock art' sites serve as geographical focal points for a system of territorial and social organisation that links small groups of people (the clans of anthropological discourse) to named local countries (clan estates) (Blundell et al. 2009) and into a system of exchange called the wurnan that extends throughout the Kimberley. The exchange of items between local group members is viewed as the passage of items in Above threshold Above threshold 16
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WEST KIMBERLEY PLACE REPORT DESCRIP
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In contrast to ontological views of
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These painted images have attracted
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But Geikie Gorge is much more than
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Jirrbal (May to June): At this time
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GEOLOGICAL HISTORY Geologists expla
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(Playford et al. 2009). The feature
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In the absence of any major mountai
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A NATURAL AND CULTURAL REFUGE For t
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Punamii-unpuu is a very important p
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Researchers have found that a numbe
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frogs - a richer assemblage of frog
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The sheer number of islands along t
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Central Kimberley Stretching east f
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striata), above a layer of ribbon g
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visit the bay each year. The Roebuc
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traditional country is located abov
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of Important Wetlands of Australia
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Indonesian fisherman brought tamari
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inland from the coast today. Accord
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Sydney; the Mermaid was barely soun
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EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT OF THE KIMBERLE
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colonies to import indentured labou
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feared that the policy might lead p
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The Broome community reflected the
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and wealth to the west, the governm
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Hicks wrote: 'We found ourselves ne
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The drove began near Goulburn in 18
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pioneered by already-established Ki
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esponses to Aboriginal resistance.
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south-east around Lake Gregory (Par
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The church's exterior is in the int
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Bungarun Bungarun (the Derby Lepros
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eating snails and weeds. Their one
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From 1943 to 1944, Noonkanbah was u
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In 1965, award wages were granted t
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in May 1978, led directly to the fo
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part of absorbing these cultures' (
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Hann. The remains of the old Gibb R
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CRITERION (a) - The place has outst
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ECOLOGY, BIOGEOGRAPHY AND EVOLUTION
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of note. More tetrapod species are
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The second highest endemism score i
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new genera (see more detail under v
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ainforests, including the golden ba
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considered to provide insights into
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number of endemic freshwater fish i
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southwest of the State (DEH 2001).
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A series of scattered freshwater we
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Kimberley has three plant families
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the southwest of Western Australia
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The earliest evidence for the appli
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Ethnographic evidence shows that bo
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analysis of the west Kimberley agai
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Station NT - a feat which became kn
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The industry developed into the cul
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work in the sugar industry, while n
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century, their interest was commerc
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Historic shipwrecks A total of 237
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The resistance campaign was unprece
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Woorunmurra are all recorded as tak
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Affairs Department was set up and i
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medical examination before being se
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2003; River Junction Research 2006)
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The Kimberley Land Council (2010) s
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struggle noted, the local maparn, a
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practices in relation to consultati
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military and population centres wer
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could have stood as tall as 5.4-5.6
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younger and smaller than the Lake G
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Evidence for uninterrupted occupati
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century hydrographers and in partic
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The Devonian reef outcrops of the L
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eef, utilised the massive tides to
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phased out' (Morwood 2002, 162). Bu
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people whose lives were so closely
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Karrakatta Bay Karrakatta Bay is a
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complete what Matthew Flinders had
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and the remains of a forge was cite
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as well. Taking a longer perspectiv
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coastal regions which may exhibit s
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The Devonian carbonate complexes of
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Antarctic feeding grounds and breed
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Additional to international visitor
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In summary, within the context of t
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people); Paakantyi, Darling River l
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knowledgeable about 'magic' (which
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(Mowaljarlai and Malnic 1993). Othe
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* * * * '[I]t was the feeling of ex
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were removed from a preliminary lis
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King Leopold Ranges Conservation Pa
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flickering light and was joined by
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Aboriginal rock art paintings in th
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There is also a high degree of vari
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Ingenuity, resourcefulness and coop
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Built in a remote location from loc
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The manufacture of the double log r
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Shinju Matsuri Festival which conti
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In summary, evidence for the identi
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life and works of Phillip Parker Ki
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to catch up with him, Jandamarra wa
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his capture. His tracks were often
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using European weapons against the
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CRITERION (i) - The place has outst
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12). This is the same Wanjina, Nama
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References Abbott, I and A A Burbid
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Akerman, K and J Stanton (1994). Ri
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ongitude_1dir%3DE%3Blongitude_2dir%
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Berson, J (2004). Protecting dugong
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Braithwaite, R W, G R Friend and J
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Choo, C (2001). Mission girls: Abor
Page 223 and 224: Crawford, I M (2009). 'Macassan' vo
Page 225 and 226: DEWHA (2007). Mt William Stone Hatc
Page 227 and 228: Durack, M (1969). The rock and the
Page 229 and 230: Graham, G (2001a). Dampierland 2 (D
Page 231 and 232: Hocking, I, E Shepherd and J Meggit
Page 233 and 234: Johnstone R E and A H Burbidge (199
Page 235 and 236: Köhler, F (2010). Three new specie
Page 237 and 238: Long, J (2006). Swimming in Stone:
Page 239 and 240: McConnell, K and S O'Connor (1999).
Page 241 and 242: Morse, K (1993a). Coastwatch: Pleis
Page 243 and 244: North Australian Indigenous Land an
Page 245 and 246: Paterson A, G Nicholas Gill and M K
Page 247 and 248: Price, O F (2004). Indirect evidenc
Page 249 and 250: Rogers, D I and Pearson G B (2003).
Page 251 and 252: Sharples, C, R E Mount, T K Pederse
Page 253 and 254: Stannage, C T (ed.) (1981). Convict
Page 255 and 256: Trigger, D (1987). Inland, coast an
Page 257 and 258: Watson, P (1983). This precious fol
Page 259 and 260: Wunambal Gaambera Aboriginal Corpor
Page 261 and 262: years of reef deposition and shows
Page 263 and 264: Aboriginal trade in pearl shell Kim
Page 265 and 266: B The place has outstanding heritag
Page 267 and 268: C The place has outstanding heritag
Page 269 and 270: D The place has outstanding heritag
Page 271 and 272: E The place has outstanding heritag
Page 273: F The place has outstanding heritag
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