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Taking Sides<br />

Jew. Although the country celebrated the airlift <strong>of</strong> Ethiopian Jews, orthodox<br />

rabbis required Ethiopian men to undergo a ritual circumcision<br />

before marrying <strong>and</strong> refused to recognise the religious authority <strong>of</strong> the<br />

kessim (62 traditional elders). A spokesman for the Chief Rabbinate said:<br />

"It is the same as with physicians from Russia who headed hospital<br />

departments there but have to take tests here." Israel is more uncomfortable<br />

with the 50-100,000 Falash Mura, who converted to Christianity in<br />

the nineteenth century; thus far it has admitted only a hundred, who have<br />

a least one child in Israel. The 1300 members <strong>of</strong> the Black Hebrew<br />

movement—African Americans claiming to_be one <strong>of</strong> the biblical tribes,<br />

who settled in the Negev—were not admitted under the Law <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Return, although they have just been given temporary resident status.<br />

New York Times A4 (September 29, 1992).<br />

56 Sarat(1977).<br />

172

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