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The Poverty <strong>of</strong> Civil Libertarianism<br />
Herald <strong>and</strong> Evening Post by burning old copies. ANC spokesman Phila<br />
Nkayi said the papers were waging "malicious" attacks on the organisation.<br />
"The media is at liberty to criticise the ANC-led alliance, but we<br />
could not take the vilification <strong>and</strong> bossy stance that appears to have been<br />
adopted.. . ." Editor Derek Smith said the Herald would "not become an<br />
ANC paper" or be dictated to. But on the first full day <strong>of</strong> the boycott the<br />
newspapers' management approached the ANC for talks, <strong>and</strong> the South<br />
African Union <strong>of</strong> Journalists branch also sought to negotiate. Weekly Mail<br />
4 (July 31, 1992).<br />
A week after the opening <strong>of</strong> "Minbo noOnna" (Woman Mob Fighter), a<br />
film about yakuza (gangsters), director Juzo Itami was attacked by three<br />
men in front <strong>of</strong> his house, who slashed him in the face, neck <strong>and</strong> h<strong>and</strong>.<br />
New York Times A1 (June 15, 1992). One reporter for the Asahi newspaper<br />
was murdered in 1987 <strong>and</strong> another seriously wounded. The Tokyo<br />
Broadcasting System received 140,000 protests after it criticised the<br />
Unification Church. The <strong>of</strong>fice <strong>of</strong> a magazine that criticised K<strong>of</strong>uku no<br />
Kagaku (Institute for Research in Human Happiness) was attacked. Los<br />
Angeles Times H2 (October 13, 1992).<br />
98<br />
Los Angeles Times J1 (March 14, 1991).<br />
At the 1992 Republican National Convention the leader <strong>of</strong> the Virginia<br />
delegation organised a group <strong>of</strong> hecklers to follow NPR reporter Nina<br />
Totenberg around the floor, interrupting her interviews by yelling "Nina,<br />
Nina. Have you had an affair?" This was retaliation for another woman<br />
reporter who had asked Bush about an affair. When Democratic Party<br />
Chairman Ron Brown <strong>and</strong> other <strong>of</strong>ficials tried to hold a news conference<br />
inside a Houston restaurant, 100 members <strong>of</strong> the Republican Youth<br />
Coalition dirsupted it. The co-chairwoman <strong>of</strong> the Republican National<br />
Committee congratulated them: "I want to tell you all that you have really<br />
done wonderfully. You have really kept us in the news this week. I saw<br />
you take on the other side's rally the other day <strong>and</strong> that was great." The<br />
field director <strong>of</strong> the <strong>College</strong> Republican National Committee explained:<br />
"If the Dems are going to come to the Republic National Committee [sic]<br />
<strong>and</strong> try to steal media attention, they should expect a little confrontation."<br />
New York Times A12 (August 21, 1992).<br />
99<br />
Jansen(1991).<br />
1<br />
Cr". Wolff (1968).<br />
80