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to distance themselves from the day-to-day business concerns of their customers. The modern corporate focus on stock value and quarterly earnings has repressed quality concerns to second-class standing. Requirements documents have become a way of insulating the corporation from engaging the customer in dialogue and in the ongoing process of feedback in development that can lead to true customer satisfaction. Business and technical perspectives have displaced the human perspective. Involving customers as partners, as an organization that has every bit as much to do with the structure of your product as your own organization does, is a good first step in humancentred design. Such a bird’s-eye view of your enterprise can offer rich insights into the architecture of your system, through techniques such as domain analysis. The architecture precipitates naturally from the human concerns. Organizational patterns are a guide to shaping the organizational structures that bode for success. The software architecture echoes that same structure by Conway’s Law. That structure in turn generates the processes that will guide your designers, systems engineers, architects, coders, testers, and marketing people in creating a product that will improve the quality of life for your customers. Good organizational patterns concern themselves with the quality of life of your own employees, too—a corporation should view them as stakeholders whose needs are as important as those of customers. Patterns are small elements of organizational improvement that contribute to great systems. There probably is no single vision of what makes a great organization. Instead, great systems grow from small systems that work, and they grow through local adaptation and incremental improvement. Patterns capture those steps of improvement that we have found again and again contribute to the health of an enterprise. Business success and quality of life both emanate from grounding in human concerns. There is no recipe for success, but principles of change based on human interaction and relationship have far-reaching benefits for the software development process and end users. Patterns explicitly embrace these human concerns and can serve as a foundation for so-called process improvement and process reengineering. While patterns can guide an organization on the path to improvement, both the initiative to change and the pearls of insight must come from within the organization. Improvement proceeds one pattern at a time. In our changing world, the process never ends. REFERENCES ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS 51 Alexander, C., and A. W. F. Huggings. “On Changing the Way People See.” Perception and Motor Skills 19, Southern University Press, 1964, pp. 235-253. Alexander, Christopher. The Timeless Way of Building. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. Alexander, C. “The Origins of Pattern Theory, The Future of the Theory, and the Generation of a Living World.” In IEEE Software Special Issue on Architecture Design 16(5), September 1999. Alexander, C. The Nature of Order: Book One: The Process of Creating Life. Berkeley, CA: The Center for Environment Structure, 2002. Beyer, Hugh, and Karen Holtzblatt. Contextual Design. San Francisco: Morgan Kauffman, 1998. Close, F. Lucifer’s Legacy: The Meaning of Asymmetry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Cockburn, A. Prioritizing Forces in Software Design. In Vlissides, J., Jim Coplien and Norm Kerth, eds., Pattern Languages of Program Design II. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1996. Conway, Melvin E. How do Committees Invent? Datamation 14(4), April 1968. Coplien, J. “A Development Process Generative Pattern Language.” In Coplien, J., and D. Schmidt, eds., Pattern Languages of Program Design. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1995. Coplien, J. Multi-paradigm Design for C++. Reading, MA: Addison, Wesley, 1998. Coplien, J., and N. B. Harrison. Organizational Patterns of Agile Software Development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2004. Cunningham, W. “EPISODES: A Pattern Language of Competitive Development.” In Vlissides, J., Jim Coplien and Norm Kerth, eds., Pattern Languages of Program Design II. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1996. Grinter, R., and J. Herbsleb. “Architectures, Coordination, and Distance: Conway’s Law and Beyond.” IEEE Software, Sept/Oct 1999, pp. 63-70. Kerth, N. “Caterpillars Fate: A Pattern Language for Transforming from Analysis to Design.” In Coplien, J., and D. Schmidt, eds., Pattern Languages of Program Design. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1995. Kroeber, A. Anthropology: Culture, Patterns and Process. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1948. Naur, P. and B. Randell, eds. Proceedings of NATO Software Engineering Conference. Garmisch, Germany, 1968. Raskin, J. The Humane Interface: New Directions for Designing Interactive Systems. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2000.
52 ENTERPRISE INFORMATION SYSTEMS VI Swieringa, J., and A. Wierdsma. Becoming a Learning Organization: Beyond the Learning Curve. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1992. Weinberg, Gerald M. Software Psychology. Cambridge, MA: Winthrop Publishers, 1980. Whitenack, B. “RAPPeL: A Requirements Analysis Pattern Language for Object-Oriented Development.” In Coplien, J., and D. Schmidt, eds., Pattern Languages of Program Design. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1995.
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vi TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 - DATAB
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS A WIRELESS A
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CONFERENCE COMMITTEE Honorary Presi
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Hung, P. (AUSTRALIA) Jahankhani, H.
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Procedure CheckOptimal (n rs 1 ...n
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MEMORY MANAGEMENT FOR LARGE SCALE D
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PART 2 Artificial Intelligence and
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110 ENTERPRISE INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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DYNAMIC MULTI-AGENT BASED VARIETY F
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AN EXPERIENCE IN MANAGEMENT OF IMPR
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ANALYSIS AND RE-ENGINEERING OF WEB
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Module p0 Customer Itinerary Send I
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departments: the marketing dept. se
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• An acyclic module M is usable,
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BALANCING STAKEHOLDER’S PREFERENC
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The scenarios will provide an abstr
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BALANCING STAKEHOLDER'S PREFERENCES
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BALANCING STAKEHOLDER'S PREFERENCES
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A POLYMORPHIC CONTEXT FRAME TO SUPP
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A POLYMORPHIC CONTE XT FRAME TO SUP
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FEATURE MATCHING IN MODEL-BASED SOF
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combination of solution domains - a
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• features for all the concepts:
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Existence In both steps it is possi
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matching strategies are maximal, mi
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TOWARDS A META MODEL FOR DESCRIBING
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elementary message (ae-message) can
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problems on a pragmatic level, whic
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TOWARDS A META MODEL FOR DESCRIBING
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INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS USING A
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INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS USING A
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(k� 1) (k) (k�1) (k) p � w
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Table 5: Performance Comparison of
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A USER-CENTERED METHODOLOGY TO GENE
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carries out the second phase of the
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1 1 1 1 2 PROCESS STORE ENTITY EDGE
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constraints rules. KOGGE (Ebert et
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PART 4 Software Agents and Internet
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CABA 2 L A BLISS PREDICTIVE COMPOSI
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y disables evidencing severe mental
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Figure 4: Symbols emission in DAR-H
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they evidence a generalization erro
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A METHODOLOGY FOR INTERFACE DESIGN
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and mobility loss coupled with redu
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Tradeoff: The default input is poss
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Sessions on the VABS which are held
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A CONTACT RECOMMENDER SYSTEM FOR A
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A CONTACT RECOMMENDER SYSTEM FOR A
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- "Going to the sources". The user
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Here are the matrix W and P for our
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EMOTION SYNTHESIS IN VIRTUAL ENVIRO
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theme turns out to be surprisingly
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6 FROM FEATURES TO SYMBOLS 6.1 Face
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sions are described by different em
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Electronic Imaging 2000 Conference
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to the accessibility problem for th
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Figure 3: Hierarchical View of the
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4 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK On th
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PERSONALISED RESOURCE DISCOVERY SEA
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profile, the user defines his curre
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Abdelkafi, N. .....................
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