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<strong>MIMET</strong> Technical Bulletin Volume 1 (2) 2010<br />

Feature Article 9<br />

TIME‐DOMAIN SIMULATION OF PNEUMATIC TRANSMISSION LINE<br />

MOHD YUZRI MOHD YUSOP*<br />

Deputy Dean Academic & Technology<br />

Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur<br />

Received: 28 Oc<strong>to</strong>ber 2010; Revised: 2 November 2010; Accepted: 2 November 2010<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

Pneumatic equipment is widely used in industries for transferring energy or signal. Efficient modelling and simulation in<br />

time domain for gas filled transmission line is of great importance that will provide the foundation for complex pneu‐<br />

matic systems. The basic physical relationships in pneumatics are well established. In this paper, the finite difference<br />

model combined with the lumped model is used <strong>to</strong> simulate the dynamics of air filled polyurethane pneumatic transmis‐<br />

sion line in time domain. Compared with the experimental data, the simulation results show certain consistency, espe‐<br />

cially in the response frequency. The radial expansion of the transmission line due <strong>to</strong> high working pressure is also con‐<br />

sidered in the simulation algorithm.<br />

Keywords: Pneumatic, transmission line, time‐domain simulation, finite‐difference, lumped modelling.<br />

INTRODUCTION<br />

In recent decade, t<strong>here</strong> has been great devel‐<br />

opments and interest in utilising pneumatic<br />

system as a transmission medium. Advan‐<br />

tages of pneumatic systems are that pneu‐<br />

matic components are relatively cheap reli‐<br />

able and can be easily and cheaply main‐<br />

tained. It is also much cleaner than hydraulic<br />

systems. However, the elastic nature of the<br />

compressed air will pose difficulties in achiev‐<br />

ing high accuracy control.<br />

T<strong>here</strong> are mature theories on steady state<br />

analysis of pneumatic systems but the dy‐<br />

namic analysis of pneumatic systems still re‐<br />

quires further research. Manning (1968) used<br />

the method of characteristics for pneumatic<br />

line flows. The perfect gas state equation and<br />

the isentropic relations, <strong>to</strong>gether with the<br />

perfect gas relation for sonic velocity are used<br />

<strong>to</strong> replace the density and pressure in the<br />

continuity and momentum equations by using<br />

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +605‐6909004<br />

Email address: myuzri@mimet.unikl.edu.my<br />

the velocity terms. For simplicity, the heat<br />

transfer, viscosity, three‐dimensional effects<br />

and local changes in entropy across travelling<br />

pressure waves are neglected. The determi‐<br />

nation of characteristic lines is the key point<br />

of this method. Separating the transmission<br />

line in<strong>to</strong> sections and treating each of them as<br />

a volume in time‐domain simulation has pre‐<br />

viously been investigated by Krus (1999) and<br />

(Xue and Yusop, 2005).<br />

Krus (1999) established the distributed model<br />

according <strong>to</strong> the state principle of thermody‐<br />

namics. (Xue and Yusop, 2005) meanwhile<br />

utilise the equation of flow passing through<br />

an orifice <strong>to</strong> calculate the mass flow rate.<br />

Considering the transmission line as an elec‐<br />

tric circuit, the time domain models were<br />

established by Franco (2004). This paper in‐<br />

vestigates the time domain simulation of a<br />

pneumatic transmission line. The one‐<br />

dimensional Navier‐S<strong>to</strong>kes equations are<br />

| MARINE FRONTIER @ <strong>UniKL</strong><br />

106

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