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As to embrittlement, the acidity of water
has been found to have great effect on the
speed and the degree to which a material can
be dissolved. A metal corrodes because of the
acidity of the solution in which it is immersed
due to an interchange of hydrogen ions in the
solution with the atoms of the exposed metal.
When the solution is in liquid form, the metal is
dissolved into the solution and hydrogen tends
to plate out on the piece. Once a hydrogen film
has deposited on the exposed surfaces, the dis‐
solving of the metal will cease. Oxygen plays an
important part in this process since the oxygen
that dissolved in water will react with the film
of hydrogen to eliminate it by forming water
which allows the corrosion process to proceed.
This problem can be solved by coating the
pistons/cylinders ceramic. It cannot be delayed
as these items will rust, either by sheer use or
by neglect (i.e. letting it sits) and fitted with a
stainless steel exhaust.
Frosting.
Some places such as in Europe are colder
than Malaysia climate. In colder condition, the
water inside the system can be easily getting
frosted and disturb the system. In order to solve
this problem, the heating coils to prevent water
from freezing in the system.
Hydrogen storage.
Pure hydrogen is dangerous to be stored in
high‐pressure tanks. Like all fuels, hydrogen has
inherent hazards and must be handled care‐
fully. In fact, hydrogen has been used for years
in industrial processes and as a fuel by NASA,
and has earned an excellent safety record. Like
other fuels, hydrogen can be handled and used
safely.
In this case, hydrogen and oxygen were
generated. All hydrogen and oxygen produced
get consumed by the engine instantly. The suit‐
able size of tank for certain pressure is needed
to maintain constant flow of supply to the en‐
gine. The presence of oxygen and water vapour
MIMET Technical Bulletin Volume 1 (2) 2010
in the system makes hydrogen very safe. The
mixture of hydrogen and oxygen give a power‐
ful combustible gas but it is not explosive com‐
pared to pure hydrogen. It does not need cool‐
ing and will be ignited only by the strong spark
inside the engine. The hydrogen can be com‐
pressed into a crystal matrix form in order to
make it safer but it is not so cost‐effective.
Speed control.
In getting the right speed at the right time
and to maintain a constant supply, a control
circuit is attached to the electrolysis chamber.
This circuit (Figure 5.0) will produce square
pulse signal which 'plays' the stainless steel
electrodes like a tuning fork. The faster speed is
needed, the wider the pulses go into the elec‐
trolysis chamber to create more hydrogen gases
as needed. So when the throttle is pushed, it
will electrically create more hydrogen gases for
immediate consumption. On demand, low‐high
flow rate is needed, from idle to maximum
power. This signal is the input to the circuit as
the primary control (i.e. throttle level = pulse
width = gas rate).
For carburettor, the built‐in vents need to
be sealed and making a single way air‐intake.
The throttle circuit is set in order to maintain
minimum gas flow at idle and maximum gas
flow at full power without blowing the pressure
relief valve. In this way, the mixture is con‐
trolled by the strength of the pulse (i.e. “width”
at the optimum pulse frequency). If there is in‐
sufficient power at any throttle setting, some
variables need to be changed such as the pulse
frequency, the gap between the electrodes, the
size (bigger) of the electrodes, or make a higher
output pulse voltage (last resort).
Excess heat.
Excess heat due to combustion of hydrogen
and oxygen can be rectified by recent material
achievements and when the hydrogen is burned,
water is produced thus cool down the engine
down via heat transfer.
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