1 - Institut kurde de Paris

t
I INTERNATIONAL
HERALD TRIBUNE
16.05.88
For Ozal, the ~Magic'Is Gone
Inflation Erodes Popularityof Turkish Prime Minister MÏLLÎYET 2.05.88
:By Alan Cowell Mr. Ozal, champion of the domi.
Nn.. York Times S,,";,-e nanl center-right in Turkey and ar-
ISTANBUL - The newspapers chitect of economic changes comhere
are no friends of Prime Minis. pared in style to those of Prime
ter Turgut Ozal, and so it seemed Minister Margaret Thatcher of
the norm when an editor compared Britain, is seven months into his
the Turkish leader's fortunes to second term of office.
those of a fairy-tale magician well His re-election in November and
past the hour when miracles turn to the events that led up to it were
mush. cited by many commentators as a
In Mr. Ozal's first four years in sign of many things: a yearning for
office, the journalist, Erturul Oz- slability after urban terrorism
kok, said, the prime minister wield- claimed thousands of lives in the
ed economic policy that resembleè late 19705, and a yearning, too, for.
a magic wand. He would wave it democracy after rule by the gener.'
.over a melon, and the melon be. als from 1980 to 1983.
,came a royal carriage. Casting himself as statesman.
• Now he waves it, the journalist rather than technocrat or economic
,said, and the melon remains a mel. czar, Mr. Ozal has moved to shore
'on. up the borders of his country of 55
. The criticism of Mr. Ozal is not million people against real and po-
'confined to editors and journalists, tential adversaries.
but has spread among many Turks He has struck the beginnings of a
who have found that a cab ride peace with Greece and has reaf.
costs twice as much as it did a year ' firmed his neutrality in the Gulf
ago and that nothing seems im- War to Iran and Iraq.
mune to inflation. Yet, questions and problems
had boosted expöris from $2 billion
to $ 10 billion a year and im.•
parted a new sense of self.confidence
to Turkish businessmen. But
the growth was fueled in part by
borrowing that sent thc: foreign
debt soaring from $ 18 billion in
1983 to a current $38 billion, a
Western specialist said. That drains
the economy and costs 57.1 billion
a year to repay.
Politically, the impact of ec0nomic
troubles showed up in newspaper
opinion surveys indicating a
dramatic turn of sentiment. In last
year's election, Mr. Ozal won 36
percen t of the vote, which enabled
him to take 290 cif the 450 parlia-
mentary seats. In an opinion survey
pubüshed iast month by the newspaper
MilIiyet, however, only 23.3
percent of 1,325 Turks said they
would vote for his Motherland Partyagain.
A Turkish official said that Mr;'
14
Ozal had revised his view of the
political impact of inflation. Before
the election, the prime minister
said it would not matter, the offi.
cial said. Now he is saying thaI
unless it is brought under contro~
his party will not be able to stay in
power.
The price increases, a Western
specialist said, have brought inflation
down to about 75 percent a
year, still far higher than many can
bear.
"We sense a great discontent in
the people," Mr. Ozkok, the Ankara
editor of Hurriyet newspaper
said in an interview. ''Their standard
of living has dropped. And
Ozal has lostthe ability to explain
to them~at's happening."
When1he International Press In.'
stitute met here last week, Turkish
newspaper editors accused him of
running a government that detained
journalists.
. 00
''l'ERcUMAN 7.05088
A/man DI$i$/eri Bakanlt(JI, PKK.'nm
. tehdidine ka.r$1açlk/ama yaptl:
~'Türklye'ye gl1lÏienlzde herhangt
' " blr Ilklnel yaktur' ~ '~'l:.}.::i"~~
. BONN ci'(CÛma!l)..Federal DI~I~leri B8kanhOI, blr sOrè'
Once PKKlERNK adlna yaYlnlanan ve Alman turlstte.
ri, rOrk!ye'ye glltlklerl takdfrde OIOmletehdll eden bIldir!
Ile IIglII olarak blr açlklama yapt, .
. Federal DIGIG~ii Bakanh/ll, Alman lurlsUerln rOrkl.
ye'ye gllmelerlnde herhangl blr saklnca olmadl/llnl be.
IIrterek, "BugOne kadar TOrklye'de hlç blr turlstfk '"11
bombalanmadl. TOrklye'ye gldecek alan Alman turfSfler,
hem TOrk makamlanndan, hem de Alman konsoloslukla-
IIndan bUgl alablllrler.dedi.
continue to turn on issues such as
human rights and democracy, a
personality depicted by commenta.
tors as increasingly prickly and,
most of all, an economic performance
that has eroded Mr. OzaI's
popularity.
To help win the election, the gov.
ernment pumped the equivalent of
millions of dollars into the economy,
giving municipalities large
sums, paying farmers for their
crops in lump sums rather than by
instaUrnen t, and in eff eet giving
government employees an extra
month's wages, the specialist said.
At the same time, basic prices
were kept low. After the election,
according to the specialist, who
asked notto be identified, inflation
soared, hi tting 100 percen t by the
end of the year and forcing Mr.
Ozal to declare price increases on
basic commodities such as gasoline.
ln the precedin~ years, Mr. Ozal
Mr. Ozal retorted thatthe score
or more detainees in question were
pamphleteers, not bona fide journalists,
but the taunttouched sensitive
nerves. In a country striving for
acceptance as Westernized and European
in outlook, government opponents
seize gladly on indications
that Turkish democracy has frail
roots, that the country's human
rights record is l1awed and that ilS
economy does not measure up 10
European standards,
By a coincidence, the Istanbul
meeting coincided with aresur.
'gence of Kurdish separatist vio.
lence in eastern Turkey. Twenty.
five civilians were killed in two
attacks by insurgents seeking an
independent state for the country's
Kurdish minority of eight million.
"Ozal can say he's tackling the
hu'man rights issues," a Western
diplomat said. "Bulthe Kurds are a
much more difficult problem."
Meclis'te ,'"
"di." anket.
•
2OOO'eöogru derglslnln yapt'QI ankete katllan 9
ANAP'II, 15 SHP'Uve 4 DYP'Uparlamente.r, anadllleri.
nln "Kürtçe" olduQunu söyledUer ' ,
MILLlYET HABER MERKElI linda b8ika bir dil oldugunu söyle-
ÜRKiYEBüyük MillcI Mec- yen milletvekilleride ;öyle: '
[î] T Iisi'ndeki 91 milIetvekilinden Orbe ~Ddai (DYP-Adana).
29'u "Ana dilinlz nedir?" Arapça, Abdullah Bqlürk (SH~-,
$Orusunu"Kürtçe" diye yamtladl. Istanbul), Uygurça, Kutbettin Ha,.
SHP MilletvekiliAbdußab Bqtürk, midi (ANAP-Sürt) Arapça, Musta,
ana dilinin Uygun:a oldugunu söy- fa Nazikoilu (ANAP-Riz.e),Laz.ca.
lerken, ball milletvekilleri, anketi "YORUM YOK"
saçma bulduklanm, bazùan da "Ana diliDiz nedir?" $Orusuna
Medis çaUsl alunda "Kürtçe" di- yorumsuz cevap veren milletvekilyeeekmilletvekiliçtkmaYacahmileri
leri de oldu. SHP MilletvekiliHill.
sürdüler. ANAP Riz.eMilletvekili met Çetin, "Gmp batJwvekDi 018-
Mustafa Nazikoilu, ana. dilinin rail bu konudt konUJIDakistemlyo-
Luca oldugunu 'ooyledl. rum" dedi. ~AP Bitlis Milletve-
"kORTCE" DIYENLER k!li Kimran Inan da, :'Beni a~fe-
2000'e Dogru dergisinin yapU&1 ~n. Anket yq~m ItÇtim, Prenslp
ankete ana dilleri $OrulanmilIetve- .tibanyla bn tür ankellere eevap
killeri;den 63'ü "Türkçe" yamU. vermiyorum" c~vablD~. v~rdi.
m verdi Bunlar araslDda Dogu ANAP Malatya MilletvekibBulent
Anadolu' Bö!gesi'ndenIbsan Bedir. Ça.,PD~u ~a bu konuyu t~lefo~~
beoiln da vardJ. Büyük ço&unJu- d~, .~ yuze konulmak Istedlgl'
- 00- G- d - An dim
gu gu ve uney ogu a 0 u
bölgelerinden~, "KöJ1çe" cc-,
vabl veren milIetvekillerinden 9'u
belirtti
"KORTce CIKMAZ'" .'
.. ,
SIVasANAP MlIletveklhÖmer
ANAP'b SHP milletvekillerinden Günbnlut, ankete "Medis çal1sl, a!lS'j,
DYP milIetvekillerindende 4'ü bDdt Kö~çe .diyen Ç1kmu:' cev~-
"Kärtçe" jdcliilde cevaplàndJrdJ.
Kürtçe cevabl verenler partilere gä-'
blm v~~di.Yme ANAP ~,
letvekil!Meb~et Yq~ da~
MiI-
11Cire
löyle: '
ANAP: Mustlta Demir (~nb-
Iizœ au ~yun
nU$u.
_
yu)!
_ .'
jeklinde ko-
.. ' , ...
urfa), Naim Geylanï (Hakkâri), A~ ~AP MilIet~eklll~~
AluttiD Fuat (M~), Nu~ttin Di. Erat, Boyle SIÇID~ bl~.•nk~ti.~
Iek (Diyarbwr), Nn~ttin Yllmu kez .dn~dum',,~n Ingiliz DllJ1m.
(Mardin), M.EmizISeydagil (M~), TabU Tnrkçe dlye kon~u. AdJ-'..
Mubyettin Mnllu (Bitlis) Rqit Çe- yaman ANAP Milletvekili Zeynel
Iik (Van) . BqIr Çelebi~u (Mar- AsIe da, "Bqka di! mi lÖylemedin)
Mebdi IIlk (MUI). mi Isteniniz~ AdJyamaubyJm, ama
'.J " . '.
SHP: Cumbur ~eskin (Hakka-
Türkçèàir" cevablß1verdi. ANAP
~I)urfa MilletvekiliMUltafa Den),
Fuat Atalay