1 - Institut kurde de Paris

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.;.. fi,) RÎchard Cowper, recently in Semdinli, reports on a violent 'opening to this year's guerriIia campaign Turkish army' takes. initiative >inwar '.against .Kurds ~ ~Z>zn~ >' ~ --3 ~ ::: trj 00 ...... ...... .tTI . oe oe east. leader of the PKK and reputed to For the ftrst time this year the live In the capital of nelghbour- - security forces, act1ng on Intelli- Ing Syria, has been quoted as gence Information, are attempt- saying that this year he will take ing to operate seek.and-destroy the war Into Turkish cities and missions rather than simply tourist resorts ln the west, some reacting to attacks from the PKK, of which have large- Kurdish estimated to have over 1,000 immigrant populations. well-armed guerr\1las at 'Ita dis- So far there have been no posallnslde Turkey and In camps major attacks outaide the south . In Iran, Iraq and Syria. east, but on May 1 security forces But apart from one pitched bat. surrounded and killed two PKK tie In April ln which troops killed' guerrillas In an Istanbul slum-, 20 guerrillas and ,lost four sol- house In the district of Okmey. diers, the Turkish security forces danI. . so far appear to have met with The authorities argue with only limited success. A mainly some conviction that a terrorist conscript army still has to bear campaign in the cities wllJ be the brunt of the security role and much harder to organise than In of the 55.000 or so men believed the wild mountainous countryto have been put In the field spe- side of the south east where the cifJcally to deal' with the PKK, PKK has a level of support from most are relatively inexperienced the local population, the majority soldiers. of whom are Kurds. But senior A tour through the region from army commanders are said to be -mountalnous.Semd1nU In the far treating the threat seriously - south east (wedged In by Iraq on last summer there was a KUrdIsh one side, Iran on the other), to attack on an Istanbul' police sta- Sllrt, north of the border with tion. Syria and the capital of Diya. The chances of the Kurds ever bakir to the west, Is to travel winning a national homeland In through classic guerrilla country. Turkeyare tiny. But In a country The valleys and plains bristle where one - fifth of the popula' with army camps, police cheek- tion Is said omclally not to exist points and military airports, and Is not allowed under penalty' whlle the hllls and mountains; of imprisonment to speak ita own' rising In places such as Hakkarl language, print or read. books In to over 14,000 feet, offer summer Kurdish or even to organise culgrazing- -for countless flocks of tura1 groups, the Issue has the sheep and provide a home to potential to remain a bloody. eagles' and guerr\1las allke. thorn In the side of the Republic Mr Abdullah Oecalan, .the. for decades to come. .-' lnddenII durtng 18111 . *-__ ;'--- A- __ ..._"_ond"-' IRAQ SYRIA ~ ernment became' deep!')'" eoncerned that Iranlan-baçked Kurd. ish successes in north eastern Iraq might lead to the setting up of an Independent but Iran!an - controlled Kurdish state on Its own borders. This, they feared, might have inspired a far larger number of Its own Kurds to' join the PKK and closer military links with Ita new Kurdish nelghbour .. kaqi suceess against Iran and Ita own Kurdish guerr\1las has convinced Ankara that the dan. ger hss all but disappeared, but the PKK st1ll poses a powerful threat to a government searching for a military and political solu., . Whm the Turkish PKK launched its 'fIrst' attacks 'in August 198t' the authorities and the army were caught totally unprepared and soldiers with no experience 'of ftghting a ~errUla war were widely seen to have been Incapable of dealing with the problem. The' authorities have, now set up special police commando units which have organlsed an intelligence network and launched a vll1age militia protection movement which Is said to have 10,000 armed members. .. In July last year the G0vernment appointed Mr Hayrl Kozak. doglu, an ex.Istanbul pollce chief with an Intelligence background, to co-ordlnate policy In the south tlon to a pl"9blem which has plagued It since the founding of roads, dectr1dty, teleV1ston and the Republic In 1923. ' , irrigation to the country's most The Turkish Government's, underdeveloped region was also attitude to Kurdish nationalism' set In train. st1ll seems largely conditioned by But much,of this. was anath-. Its 19th century experience in ema to the military. 'They forced dealing with breakaway move- the' social democrat goyemmei1t ments. Throughout the 70-0dd of Mr Bulent Ecevlt to Impose years of the Republic It has there- martial law in April 1979 and fore strongly discouraged any moved steadily to crush any v\si. form of local or ethnic ident1f1ca. ble manifestation of Kurdlshness, tion. , throwing all identifiable Kurdish, When Kurdish nationallsm leaders (including one of Mr erupted as a serious polltical Ecevlt's ministers) Into gaoL' force In the 19708, the clvlllan The military in effect staked government turned a bUnd eye to everything on a polley of viosome of ita manifestations; allow- 'lence. The response, after several Ing Kurdish language newspa. years of more moderate leadeni, pers and music cassettes to circu.' was the appearance of the violent late semi.cJandestlnely, even ,in PKK as a powerfuls\ngJe force In the big cities. A policy of eco- what had been a highly divided nomic development to bring political scene. FEARS EARLIER this year that a. power vacuum In Kurdish north eastern Iraq, might add a dangerous new dimension to Turkey's own war against Kurdish guerrillas have now disappeared. ' But if the opening months of ,..this year's Kurdish guerrilla cam. PaIgn In Turkey are any Indica. tion, 1988 could be the bloodiest year yet In the bitter four- year Independence struggle of the Marxist Kurdish Workers Party (PKK). , The PKK started Its attacks at the end of March, as the winter snows began to give way to spring. Since then almOst 100 pe0ple have been killed In the 11 wild ana mountalno.us south eastern provinces which are st1ll under a state of emergency. The death lOllln this often fratricidal and little reported guerrilla war has risen to over 1,000 In the last four years. There Is no general rebellion among Turkey's Kurdish popula. tion and It Is generally agreed that there 'Is no chance of the PKK alone winning its struggle to create a separate state. Turkey Is home to about half the 20m Kurds who live ln a region where the borders of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and the Soviet Union converge, and there is little evidence of close military co-operation between the PKK and much stronger iraqi and Iranlan Kurd. Ish guerrilla groups. But InMarch the Turkish Gov- ... ~
• ~o~veau Srlan d'accroch ••e. avec d•• r.b.lle. kurd •• dan. Ie .ud-est d. 1. ~uroui.1 13 .ort. ! I HAKKARI (furoui.), '26 •• i (AFP) - Dix r.b.ll •• ind....nd.nlht .. kurdn et ~roi •• ilit.ire. on~ttt tut •• t cino .utre. bi ••••• , .elon un d.rnier bil.n, ~an. la nuil d•• ercr.di i Jeudi ..r'. d. Se.dinli (..rovince de H.kk.ri, sud~e.t d. la Turouie), lor•. d'un accrocha.e •• nnonc. Jeudi l'aa.nce turQue ••• I-ottlci.Jl.An.loli ••. Le •• ulorilt •.rtaional •• ont indiou' QU. l'.ccroch.a •• r.' .nlre 1•• Milil.pl. duPKK (P.rli id •• Tr.v.illeur. du Kurdistan, .arxi.t.-lenini.l.) el :le".,~orce•..d...l.'l'ordr .......our.uivatl Jeudi, • r..... ort. l'aaenc. An.toUe. U....' a.i.l,de .l'.unde •• ccroch.a •• le... lu•• eurlri.r ... ar.i le. lreize incid.nt. oui. ont o.... o.t 1•• torce. d. l'ordre .ux .ililanl •• r.'s du PKK d...uh la:l.d.e d•... l. toi.arUal •• n AnatoU. Orienbl., 1. 19 Jui Uet dern.i.r.,...1 on..1e•. ob.ervaleur •• L'.ccrochaae le ..l~••• urlrie ... vait eu lieu le 1er .vril dernier. Vinat r.b.l,les.,kurd•.•. ,.l~trois ..•il tlair •• --dont un officier d. 1. aendar ••rie lor. d. l'.cr ••••• nt de .on h.lico ..ter.-- .vai.nt tl. tut. et douze .ilitair •• bl ••• 's ..rt. de Nu••¥bin el "id¥at, d.ns 1... rovince de Mardin (sud-esl du palis>. J or. de cet... accroch •• e .ana l.nt. HERAlD TRIBUNE TurkeySays RebelKurds Slaughter 25 Villagers By Alan Cowell NrN York TiWWJ Suy;u ANKARA - In a dramatic: resurgence of violence, Kurdish sepa- .ratist guerrillas in eastern Turkey were reported Monday to bave massacred at least 2S civilians in two remote villages near the bor. ders with Iraq and Syria. The attacks near the towns on Simak on Saturday and Nusaybin on Sunday were the first of their scale this year in a four.year suerrilla campaign that has claimed the \ives of 18S Turkish troops, around 480 Kurdish civilians and about 200 guerrillas, Turkish news reports from the southeastern region and officia1s in Ankara said the Marxist Kurdish Wmers Party killed the civilians to defy recent government statements that the insurrection is under control and to demonstrate that their campaign is continuing. . The lÇurdish Wmen Party says it is fJgbting for a separatist state among the Kurdish minority of eight million in eastern Turkey. Turkey lUoogIy n;jects separatist demaDds md Ankara's official polic:ydoesnotadoowledgetheem. teoce of a separate, Kurdish identity. The KanIish Ianguaee is not tauaht in the lChooIs of the dopreased, mountainous resion, wbere the pumncnt says it is =SI mi1Iioa per day Oll IIICIlt prosrams. The ÎIIIUI'galCy ruW among the most worrisome problems CORfronlin& Turkey, a North Atlantic: 10.05.88 Trea~~.a~anintiOll mèmber on the . 's eastern border with the Soviet Unioo and boit to_al U.s. military bases. Usually, prriIla activity dwindles during the hanh winten of the soutbeasL Last month, 1IIOI'eOVer, government forca said they had kined 20 separatists and, during a tour of the region in recent days. Interior Minister Mustafa Kalemli said security forca had the situation under control. While the minister was still in the region, however, guen iUas raided a village near Simak r.n Saturday night, killing 14 penons. Late Sunday night, acoording to officiallCCOUßlS, a group of about 40 insurgents raided the Mehmenin hamlet near Nusaybin and killed Il members of the same family, including a 2-month-old baby. The insurgents were said 10 bave told other residents thai they were avenging the deaths of 20 of lheir comrades killed in a nearby hamlet lasl month, Kurds are a transnational group. numbering some 20 million, who £arm minorities in Iran, Iraq, the Soviet Union and Syria as well as Turkey. In a complex tangle of allegiances, Iraqi Kurds have won Iranian support for Iheir campaign against Baghdad, while Iranian Kurds have Iraq's support in their (iaht :lo:.ind T,.hr;tn - . HURRIYET 4.05.88 PKK sorumlusuna ölüm emri • Mardin bölgesinden sorumlu Mehmet Emin Aslan'In ajanhOIkonusunda endi~eleri olduOunu belirten PKK liderinin, Aslan'In görüldüOü verde öldürülmesini istediOi bildiriliyor. IYARBAKIR, (hha)- PKK'nin Mardin böJFoinde IOn I D~Il H;ol'>lindl'54 mililanlR' yilimlelli üzerine durum detcrlendimll',.i yal'an !KWr Abdullah Oealan'IR. örgülün "Eyalet Sorumlusu" Mehmet Emin Asian', ajanltkla IlUÇla,1111~re- IIIkit. Oe.lan'IR, AsIan'IR gorüldülli yerde ö1diJrülmesi ernrini .k' vcrdili öne oürüldü. Ilawn Suriye'nin Bqkenli ~'da . .~duRu hildirilcn PKK Lideri Abdullah Oc.ilan'IR merke. komilo üyclcrinden ba.dar.)'la bir toplanli yapllil bildirildi. 54 . mililanlR ~al""1Alarda ö1dülünü anlmaalan Ocalan'IR, bunlarlR, "Eyalet Sonunh .. u", Sabri kod adlt merke. komile ü, .... Mehmet Emin AsIan'lR halalarlRdan kavnaklaodlRIR' rine oürdiitü ii~rcnildi. Bu arada Federal Ahnll;",a'da, bildiri da- ~Ilan Künllatan l1hI8aI Kurtu .... Cepheai 'IERNK), Türki- Y',',k>ki lur;,.lik lcMÎlIIcrin homhaIRn ....at.1lI ~lI\-delli. MÏr.LÎYEr 5.05.88 1lllltepe'de Pli basklnl' • ErtuQrul pIRINÇlot1LU ,. , .• DIYARBAKIR lID ,~'anaPPII miIitam, dÜII tf!!:c iIIt 24.00 suaIanDda Iizdrepe Hiikimct Konq.' lia bir bisba düzn1edi\er, bumda &Ü¥CII,Iit aüçIeri île yapdan siIahh ÇIlIpDIda 4 poIi& 31iYi1oImIk iizae 7 tiP ym\aDdJ.' . . GmtCJi bubya wrdiiimiz siraIuda lIIUIIabirimiz leIÖrisIIaIe JÜwnIit bWctIerIlfISUIdaki liIIhh çatqmaDm devam euiiioi biIdirdi •. 13
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DE PARIS Bulletin de liaison et d'i
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• SOMMAIRE - TURQUIE: LA REVENDIC
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de Diyarbakir, reconnaît que sa m
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AINSI QUE : REPARTITION DU REVENU P
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2 .ITALIE IRAK - LE PUZZLE DES .BOM
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-- --------------------------------
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6 dans la région. (HURRI~T 7.5.198
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8 pas irôûvé' "sérieuse la' men
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• UVRES PUBLICATIONS EN VENTE L'I
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• , BULLETIN DE SOUSCRIPTION o Je
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... LE MONDE 4.4.88 TURQUIE: entre
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• • AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE 4.88 6
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LE MONDE 4.4.88 La guerre Irak-Iran
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.. • AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE 4.88 Gl
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.. loANTERNACIONAL . Kurdos, la luc
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• .. REPORTAGE: CINQ JOURS DE «G
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• AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL 4.88 IRAQ
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•AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE 4.88 GlGL F
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•LA VIE INTERNA7f/ONALE La guerre
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•HERALD TRIBUNE 27.4.88 Moscow Al
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• SUITE tari è altKravata dal ho
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u oipxna GUI _ ~'1Y£Î 0 • -~ f.
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, . ELEFTHEROTIPIA 5.4.88 ~ÔElt.fi
Page 47 and 48: OWTOYPAOIA • to OVVEX~ 6oj.l~a"ll
Page 49 and 50: • Tercüman 1.4.88 Sovyetler'in I
Page 51 and 52: Te~üman 3.4.88 IRAJ~'I~r~EHIRL:f;,
Page 53 and 54: • , • Tercüm~n 2.4.88 :.il:tJ1
Page 55 and 56: • Hürriyet 4.4.88 Tercüman 3.4.
Page 57 and 58: , Tercüman 4.4.88 _-U:II_"' __ "'_
Page 59 and 60: Tercüman 3.4.88 , 'I tu.. Arldl kO
Page 61 and 62: Milliyet 4.4.88 ) Güneydogu'ya ask
Page 63 and 64: Milliyet 5.4.88 • :IIJHakan !AH~:
Page 65 and 66: Tercüman Ii!~K~~~ S~~~:~~rorist ka
Page 67 and 68: Milliyet 10.4.88 M",~met All Er"n E
Page 69 and 70: Milliyet 10.4.88 iAnlasallm KerkÜk
Page 71 and 72: Tercüman 6.4.88 Kerkük zar.durllm
Page 73 and 74: 14.4.88 BÖlücüçeteQin:ümidi T
Page 75 and 76: lIiDaJean Iiagdat'a iïder~ B ken
Page 77 and 78: Mil1iyet 19.4.88 eBatl'nm, 8M Insan
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Page 81 and 82: Tercüman 23.4.88 Güney smlrlnda ~
Page 83 and 84: ll.Jr: Il ive t iVi. ........ J ..
Page 85 and 86: suite yorsunuz, ula$lm va lteti$im
Page 87 and 88: .If Tetapthmopio 1.5.88 oXHM/KOI nO
Page 89 and 90: • A;~S.ACE 6•.5.88 ' L fr4'."I.
Page 91 and 92: • • (SUITE) Les techniciens ét
Page 93 and 94: • • lA l''''.nt."e np dolt pas
Page 95 and 96: • AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE Turouie-Ku
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Page 105 and 106: • • 11.05.88 K E~klya.bu Yllki
Page 107 and 108: • • .. TERCUMAN 13.05.88 Kanund
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Page 111 and 112: • • .. . HURRIYEI' 16.05.88 In
Page 113 and 114: • • ~mN 18.05.88 Bayramda PKK b
Page 115 and 116: .. • HURRlYET 22.05.88 PKK'nln ,c
Page 117 and 118: • HURRIYET 25.05.88 88dln sOkalda
Page 119 and 120: .. • ffiœwœœ ~œ W~œ~~œ ]]3~
Page 121 and 122: SUITE retour èn Iran, M, Tavassoli
Page 123 and 124: LE MONDE 30.06.1988 APPEL INTERNATI
Page 125 and 126: • Après le séjour d'UD dirigean
Page 127 and 128: MAKE 'SOVIA nAPŒI, (16. VrtT'lP.),
Page 129 and 130: ~- • MÎLLÏYET 1.06.1988 .Oiyarb
Page 131 and 132: •• TERCUMAN 10.06.1988' Be/çik
Page 133 and 134: • • MILLlYET 13.06.1988 eKürll
Page 135 and 136: 11 :MiLLÎVET 17.06,1988 .~.... ...
Page 137 and 138: la DEVAM lar. Aynld~ar. laIen suufs
Page 139 and 140: •• • HURRIYET 19.06.1988 Evre
Page 141 and 142: DEVA.M SUNGURLU: ~imdi ben mahkerne
Page 143 and 144: ... DEVAÏlÜYÜl( • TEPKI Inön
Page 145 and 146: • • MILLlYET 19.06.1988 ·tlKUR
Page 147 and 148: • DEVAM. çahvmlilarl baVladilï
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1 - Institut kurde de Paris

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