[Elizabeth_Zeibig]_Clinical_Parasitology__A_Practi(z-lib.org)

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CHAPTER 13 The Arthropods
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control measures include protecting
cats and dogs from fleas. A variety of commercial
products, including flea collars, powders, dips, and
sprays, are available. More recently, lufenuron has
been introduced, in liquid form for cats and in
tablet form for dogs, as a monthly flea prevention
and control medication. In addition, thorough disinfection
of household articles that come into
contact with dogs and cats is essential. Known flea
breeding areas may be chemically treated. Fleas of
rats and other rodents may be more difficult to
control. Public awareness of fleas and their transmission
routes, along with tips to hunters, outdoor
enthusiasts, and outdoor workers, may aid in controlling
the spread of fleas.
Quick Quiz! 13-16
This distinguishing feature allows fleas to move
quickly. (Objective 13-5)
A. Presence of pronotal ctenidia
B. Absence of eyes
C. Extra long rear pair of legs
D. A and C are correct
Quick Quiz! 13-17
The Oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, can be
involved in transmitting which of the following microorganisms?
(Objective 13-8)
A. Rickettsia typhi
B. Hymenolepis nana
C. Yersinia pestis
D. Plasmodium spp.
E. A and C are correct
Quick Quiz! 13-18
The treatment of choice for flea infestations is which
of the following? (Objective 13-10)
A. Topical antiflea cream
B. Prescription antiflea medication
C. Soaking infected area in hot, soapy water
D. Complete aseptic removal
TABLE 13-6
Parameter
Size
Eyes
Antennae
Legs
Wings
Body
Flies
FIGURE 13-9 Adult fly.
Adult Flies: Typical
Features at a Glance
Description
1-15 mm long
One pair
One pair
Usually three pairs
Two pairs, one pair smaller
Three separate sections—head, thorax,
and segmented abdomen
Morphology
The typical fly may measure from 1 to 15 mm in
length, depending on the species (Fig. 13-9; Tables
13-6). All fly species possess two pairs of wings;
one pair is smaller than the other. In addition, the
head, thorax, and abdomen appear as three separate
sections. The abdomen is segmented, allowing
for ease of movement. Flies have one pair of
antennae and one pair of eyes. Three pairs of legs
are the rule. The same specific features are used
to speciate flies and mosquitoes (Table 13-7). A
detailed discussion of each individual fly species
is beyond the scope of this chapter.