[Elizabeth_Zeibig]_Clinical_Parasitology__A_Practi(z-lib.org)

42
CHAPTER 3 The Amebas
diagnostic technique(s) required for the
recovery of each of the amebas.
3-9. Given the name, description,
photomicrograph, and/or diagram of an
ameba:
Identify, describe and/or label its
characteristic structures, when appropriate
State the purpose of the designated
characteristic structure(s).
Name the parasite, including its
morphologic form,
3-10. Analyze case studies that include pertinent
patient information and laboratory data
and:
A. Identify and describe the function of
key differential characteristics structures.
B. Identify each responsible amebic
organism by category, scientific name,
common name, and morphologic form,
with justification when indicated.
C. Identify the associated symptoms,
diseases, and conditions associated with
the responsible parasite.
D. Construct a life cycle associated with
each amebic parasite present that
includes corresponding epidemiology,
route of transmission, infective stage,
and diagnostic stage(s).
E. Propose each of the following related to
stopping and preventing ameba
infections:
1. Treatment options
2. Prevention and control plan
F. Determine the specimen(s) of choice and
alternative specimen types, when
appropriate, as well as the appropriate
laboratory diagnostic techniques for the
recovery of each ameba.
G. Recognize sources of error, including
but not limited to those involved in
specimen collection, processing, and
testing and propose solutions to remedy
them.
H. Interpret laboratory data, determine
specific follow-up tests that could or
should be done, and predict the results
of those identified tests.
I. Determine additional morphologic
forms, when appropriate, that may also
be detected in clinical specimens.
3-11. Compare and contrast the similarities and
differences between:
A. The amebas covered in this chapter
B. The amebas covered in this chapter and
the other parasites covered in this text.
3-12. Describe the standard, immunologic, and
new laboratory diagnostic approaches for
the recovery of amebas in clinical
specimens.
3-13. Given prepared laboratory specimens, and
with the assistance of this manual, the
student will be able to:
A. Differentiate amebic parasites from
artifacts.
B. Differentiate the amebic organisms
from each other and from the
other appropriate categories of
parasites.
C. Correctly identify each amebic parasite
by scientific, common name, and
morphologic form based on its key
characteristic structure(s).
CASE STUDY 3-1
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
Eleven-year-old Scooter was admitted to the emergency
room with complaints of fever, vomiting, and altered
mental status. Patient history revealed that the boy felt
fine until 2 days ago, at which time he developed a headache
and experienced photophobia. On questioning
Scooter, it was discovered that the patient went swimming
in a local river 5 days ago. A lumbar puncture was
attempted but was unsuccessful because of the child’s
combativeness. Antibiotics were administered because of
suspected meningitis. The patient was then transferred to
a tertiary care facility for further evaluation. He suffered a
seizure en route, with jerking movements of his right side.
A complete blood count was done, which revealed an
increased white blood cell count with a predominance of
segmented neutrophils. A second lumbar puncture was
attempted at the tertiary care facility. The successful puncture
revealed a yellowish, puslike fluid. The spinal fluid’s
protein, white blood cell, and red blood cell levels were
elevated, with a decrease in glucose levels. Examination
of the spinal fluid wet mount actively showed motile
trophozoites. Within 3 days of being transferred to the
tertiary facility, Scooter slipped into a coma and never
regained consciousness. He died 5 days after onset of the
illness.