[Elizabeth_Zeibig]_Clinical_Parasitology__A_Practi(z-lib.org)

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APPENDIX A
Glossary
mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Guianas,
parts of Brazil and Venezuela; also known as
forest yaws.
Platyhelminthes Phylum of organisms known as
platyhelminths that are commonly known as the
flatworms; contains the tapeworms as well as the
flukes.
pleurocercoid Precursor larval stage of Diphyllobothrium
latum that develops following the
ingestion of the first known larval stage, a procercoid,
by a freshwater fish (the second of two
intermediate hosts in the life cycle); the infective
stage for humans.
preparation (pl., preparations) The result of one
placing a portion of sample for parasite study
onto a microscope slide with or without adding
iodine or saline and adding a coverslip, when
appropriate, for subsequent microscopic examination;
often referred to using the abbreviation
prep(s).
procercoid First known larval stage of Diphyllobothrium
latum that develops following the
ingestion of the coracidium by a copepod, the
first of two intermediate hosts in the life cycle.
proglottid (pl., proglottids) Individual segment
of a tapeworm. Each mature proglottid contains
both male and female reproductive organs.
promastigote (pl., promastigotes) Long, slender
hemoflagellate morphologic form containing a
free flagellum. It is found mainly in the vector
responsible for transmitting Leishmania spp.
pronotal ctenidia Comblike structures located
immediately behind the head and extending posteriorly
on the dorsal surface of some fleas.
protozoa Subkingdom that consists of singlecelled
eukaryotic animals.
protozoal, protozoan Pertaining to members of
the subkingdom Protozoa.
pruritis Intense itching.
pseudopod (pl., pseudopods) An extension of
the cytoplasm of the ameba that aids the organism
in motility; literal translation is “false feet.”
The presence of this feature classifies a parasite
as an ameba. It has been suggested that pseudopods
may also assist the parasite in gathering
food as it moves.
pupa/pupal (pl., pupae) The enclosed resting
stage of select arthropods; also known as a
cocoon stage.
quartan malaria, malarial malaria Form of
malaria caused by infection with Plasmodium
malariae characterized by an 18- to 40-day incubation
period postexposure, followed by the
onset of flulike symptoms. Infected patients
usually experience bouts of fever and chills
(known as paroxysms) every 72 hours.
recrudescence Rupture of malarial infected
RBCs and the subsequent clinical symptoms
following an initial infection in which neither
chemotherapy nor the body’s immune system
has eliminated the parasite.
red water fever Condition caused by Babesia that
severely affected the cattle industry; also known
as Texas cattle fever.
redia (pl., rediae) Intermediate larval stage of the
flukes (may be a second or third, depending on
species). Development occurs inside the sporocyst,
which is located in the snail host. Each
redia has the capability to produce numerous
cercariae.
reservoir host (pl., hosts) Host that harbors a
parasite that is also parasitic for humans, and
from which humans may become infected.
retroinfection In pinworm-specific terms, a
process that may occur when hatched pinworm
larvae migrate back into the body via the rectum
and mature into adults.
rhabditiform larva (pl., larvae) First-stage feeding
larvae that are noninfective.
rigor Shivering or trembling caused by chills.
ring form (pl., forms) Earliest morphologic form
of malarial parasites after infecting a previously
healthy RBC; also known as an early trophozoite.
It is characterized by the presence of a ringlike
structure in the erythrocyte.
Romaña’s sign Conjunctivitis and unilateral
edema of the face and eyelids resulting from
infection with Trypanosoma cruzi.
rostellum Fleshy extension of the scolex of some
tapeworms; may or may not be armed with
hooks, which aid suckers in intestinal
attachment.
roundworm (pl., roundworms) Common name
for an intestinal nematode.
schistosomule Form of a schistosome that results
following penetration of the cercaria into human
skin and concurrent loss of the organism’s tail
during this process.
schizodeme analysis Restriction analysis of
kinetoplast DNA.
schizogony Asexual multiplication of some parasites,
including malarial organisms. The process