atoll research bulletin no. 392 the flora of - Smithsonian Institution ...

oth surfaces; flowerheads, 0.6 to 1.2 cm long and 5 to 6 mm across, 10 to 20-flowered,
subsessile, solitary or few together on short axillary or terminal peduncles; involucral
bracts, nearly 1 cm long, only 4 or 5, lanceolate, 2-ranked (2-seriate); ray-florets, about
3.5 to 4 mm long, yellow, strap-shaped, 3-lobed; disc-florets, yellow, with tubular
corollas; fruit, 4 to 5 mm long, a black or dark-brown achene, those of ray-florets flat,
oval and spiny-edged or winged with 2 terminal awns, those of the disc-florets cylin-
drical, unwinged with 2 erect spiny terminal awns about half as long as the achene. Weed
in low ground around Buada Lagoon and in other ruderal habitats. 3(58648), 4(134N),
5(97), 6, 7, 8(9573).
Tagetes erecta L. "marigold", "Aztec marigold", "African marigold"
Recent introduction. Mexico. Rare. Erect, smooth, few-branching, strongly-
scented, annual herb, up to 60 cm high; lower leaves opposite, upper leaves alternate,
pinnately parted or pinnate, up to 12 cm long, the segments more or less oblong, acute,
distally dentate, up to 9 cm long and 1.5 cm wide; flower heads, 4 to 8 cm in diameter,
solitary, flat to globose, borne on peduncles which flare distally; involucral bracts, about
2 cm long, arranged cylindrically; ray-florets yellow to red-orange, many, often
concealing the central disc-florets; fruit, achene tipped with pappus, about 1 cm long, and
several short scales, 3 to 4 mm long. Planted ornamental. 5, 6.
Tridax procumbens L. "wild daisy", "coat buttons"
Pre-World War I1 introduction. Trop. America. Common. Pubescent perennial
herb with prostrate to ascending stems, up to about 80 cm long; leaves, 1 to 6 cm long
and 1 to 3.5 cm wide, opposite, broadly lanceolate, coarsely toothed, acute or subacute,
cuneate at base, hispid on both surfaces; petioles, 5 to 15 mm long; flowerheads, about 1
cm long and 2 cm wide, terminal, borne on erect pilose peduncles, 10 to 30 cm long;
involucral bracts, 2- or 3-ranked, puberulent; ray-florets, about 4 to 5 mm long, 5 or 6 in
number, with a narrow corolla tube and broad ligulate limb, about 3 by 5 mm, white to
light yellow; disc-florets, many, the corolla narrow-campanulate, about 8 mm long,
bright yellow, 5-lobed and hairy at top; fruit, about 2 mm long, dark grey-brown,
densely hairy achene, with a spreading pappus, 5 to 6 mm long, of plumose hairs. Weed
in settled areas and near airport; pioneer in recently mined areas. 2, 3(58657), 4(145N),
5(25), 6, 7, 8(9548).
Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. "iron weed"
syns. Y. pawiflora Reinw. ex Bl.; V. cinerg var. pawlflora (Reinw. ex Bl.);
Conyza cinerea L.
Pre-World War I1 introduction. Trop. Asia. Common. Erect loosely branching
annual herb, 15 to 60 cm tall, stems longitudinally ribbed; leaves, 1 to 7 cm long and 1