atoll research bulletin no. 392 the flora of - Smithsonian Institution ...

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Indigenous. Indopacific. Occasional. Medium to large deciduous tree, up to 25 m high, the trunk and branches usually with coarse spiny thorns; leaves, alternate, trifoliate, membranous, rachis not including the petiole 12 to 40 cm long; petioles, 9 to 20 cm long; leaflets, 6 to 30 cm long and nearly as wide, broadly triangular-ovate, rhombic or cuspidate, acute-acuminate, rounded, acutish or truncate at base, lower leaflets somewhat oblique, with prominent glands below the base of petiolules; petiolules, 5 to 14 mm long; inflorescence, a dense axillary or terminal pedunculate raceme, up to 40 cm long, bearing numerous flowers, about 6 cm long, clustered near the end of the raceme; calyx tube in bud closed at orifice, early broken by the emergent corolla; petals, bright dark red or scarlet, very unequal, the standard 5 to 8 by 2 to 3.5 cm, broadly elliptic, narrowed proximally to a short claw, the keel petals separate, obovate, rounded at apex, nearly as long as the wings, these obovate, rounded, about one-third as long as the standard; pod, 10 to 45 cm long and 2 to 3.5 cm in diameter, not or slightly constricted between the seeds, the valves coarsely reticulate-veined, glabrous, black, tardily dehiscent; seeds, 1 to 12, 1.2 by 2.5 cm, ovoid, bright red to brownish red, the hilum oblong. Planted or spontaneous on coastal strip and in old strip-mined land; a number of large specimens along road near Nauru Phosphate Company tennis court area. Trunks and thick branches used for living fence posts, and in canoe construction in the past; flowers used in garlands in the past. 3(58737a), 5, 6, 7. Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. "gliricidia", "madre de cacao (mother of cocoa)", "Nicaragua cocoa shade" syn . Robinia. sepiurn Jacq. Recent introduction. Central and northern So. America. Small semi-deciduous fast-growing tree, up to 10 In tall, with pale bark and ascending stems; leaves, 15 to 25 cm long, imparipinnate, with 5 to 17 leaflets; leaflets, 3 to 8.5 cm long and 1.5 to 5 cm wide, opposite, ovate, ovate-oblong to elliptic-oblong, obtusely acuminate, often with brown blotches or bronzy and glaucous beneath, dull green above, glabrate; inflorescences, stiff short racemes, 5 to 13 cm long, on the older branches after the leaves have fallen, bearing single flowers, each about 1.8 to 2 cin long, on the rachis; bracts, small, bracteoles none; pedicels, 8 to 12 mm long, jointed at tip; calyx, cupuliform, puberulent, red-tinged; petals 5, rose or paler pink, the standard, large, suborbicular, reflexed, sometimes with small inflexed auricles, claw very short, with a pale yellow central blotch, the wings falcate-oblong, free, shorter than the keel, the keel petals incurved, sometimes partly yellowish; stamens, 10, the filaments of 9 connate into the sheath; pods, 8 to 16 cm long and 1.5 to 1.9 cm wide, 2-valved, linear-oblong, flattened, non- partitioned, dehiscent, the valves coriaceous; seeds, 2 to 9, purplish-brown. Planted roadside ornamental on Meneng Terrace. Widely used in tropical America and elsewhere as a shadetree for tree for cocoa, bananas and coffee and as a living fence and wind-
Hardenbergia violacea (Schneev.) F. C. Stern "sarsaparilla" Recent introduction. Australia. Rare. A climbing or scrambling evergreen herb; leaves, simple; inflorescence, clusters of violet flowers with yellow markings. Ornamen- tal pot plant. 6. Indigofera hirsuta L. "hirsute indigo" Recent introduction. Africa and Madagascar to southern Asia and Australia. Occasional. Erect or low spreading shrub, up to 1 m tall, stiffly and copiously brown- hirsute with long hairs and woody at the base; leaves, imparipinnate with 5 to 7 leaflets; leaflets, up to 4.5 by 2.5 cm, opposite, elliptic-obovate, densely pilose on both sides; inflorescence, a dense raceme, 20 to 30 cm long, the peduncle, 2.5 to 8 cm long, both peduncle and pedicels brown pubescent; calyx about 4 mm long, divided nearly to base with linear-setaceous lobes, brown pubescent; corolla, small, with brick-red to salmon- red or rose-colored petals; pods, 1.2 to 2 cm long and about 2 mm in diameter, straight, cylindrical, somewhat tetragonal, with spreading dark brown hairs; seeds, 6 to 9, nearly square or rectangular in outline. In plateau forest along path. 3(58614, 58730), 5(136), 8(9545). Indigofera spicata Forssk. "creeping indigo" syns. I. hendecaphylla Jacq.; I. endecaphylla Jacq. ex Lam. (sphalm?) Recent introduction. Africa and Madagascar to Yemen, southeast Asia and Australia. Occasional. Spreading or prostrate annual herb, with stems sometimes ascending to 60 cm; leaves imparipinnate with 5 to 11 leaflets (usually 7); leaflets, 3 to 30 mm long, alternate or rarely opposite, elliptic to obovate, apex mucronate, shortly petiolate; inflorescence, an axillary raceme, up to 15 cm long, the peduncle 1 to 4 cm long, the pedicels, about 0.5 lnm long; calyx, 2 to 3 mm long, divided nearly to the base; corolla, 4 to 5 lnm long, salmon pink; pods, 11 to 25 mm long and about 2 mm in diameter, straight, cylindrical, appressed-strigulose or pubescent; seeds, 5 to 8. Roadside weed on coastal strip and plateau. 4(123N), 6, 7. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam .) de Wit "leucaena" , " koa haole" (Hawaii), "lead tree", "wild tamarind" bin ("beanN)(N); te kai tetua (K) syns. L. glauca (L. ex Willd.) Benth.; Mimosa leucocephala Lam.; Mimosa glauca sensu L.; Acacia leucocephala (Lam.) Link ~ - ~ ~ -~ ~ ~ p~~ - - ~ Pre-World War I1 introduction. Trop. America. Common. Erect slender shrub or small tree, 1 to 5 m high, young growth puberulent; leaves, alternate, bipinnate, to 25 cm long, with 3 to 10 pairs of opposite pinnae, 5 to 10 cm long, each with 7 to 20 pairs
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ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 392 THE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would
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CONTENTS PART I: INTRODUCTION AND A
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MARANTACEAE MUSACEAE ORCHIDACEAE PA
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Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4.
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of the indigenous flora. Although g
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Climatically, Nauru is located in t
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Apart from the provisioning of whal
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mortality (Zimmet et al. 1977, 1978
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Lake in Anetan. Fosberg (c. 1972) a
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The houseyard gardens of I-Kiribati
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Species entering the succession ear
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Table 2. Species indigenous or poss
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Hemandia nymphaeifolia Hibiscus til
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of 258 km2, and few beaches; and Ma
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Nature of Exotic Species Exotic spe
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General Construction Scenting OilIP
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Table 4. Species of particular cult
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subsistence activities have arguabl
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4. The name (s) or the abbreviation
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other collectors. In-the field data
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VASCULAR PLANTS OF NAURU PTERIDOPHY
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colonies and dense populations in u
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CYCADACEAE (Cycad Family) Cycas cir
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atolls in Tuvalu and the Tuamotu an
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markings, midrib strong with 15 to
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Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schot
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Livistonia chinensis (Jacq.) R. Br.
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CANNACEAE (Canna Family) Canna indi
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Cyperus iria L. I' sedge" Recent in
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up to 30 cm or more long; tubers, l
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Allium ascalonicum L. te anian (K);
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longitudinal bands; flowers, small,
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Dracaena sanderiana Sander "dracaen
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as the leaves; fruit, globose, oran
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Maranta leuconeura Morr. " maranta"
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medicinally to wrap sick persons to
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(Topside); women were formerly resp
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Chloris inflata Link syn. C. barbat
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Recent introduction. Old World trop
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Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) Beauv. va
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PONTEDERIACEAE (Pickerel Weed Famil
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Recent introduction. Indonesia to P
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DICOTYLEDONAE ACANTHACEAE (Acanthus
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a calyx about 0.5 cm long and a two
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Pseuderanthemum bicolor (Schrank) R
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Achyranthes canescens R. Br. syn. A
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long; flowers, greenish to purplish
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Spondias mombin L. syn. S. lutea L.
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deltoid-ovate, but deeply toothed o
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Nerium oleander L. var. oleander te
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Recent introduction. India. Occasio
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Pre-World war I1 introduction. Mela
Page 108 and 109: Hoya carnosa (L.) R. Br. syns. Ascl
Page 110 and 111: Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. "purple
Page 112 and 113: to 2.5 cm wide, simple, alternate,
Page 114 and 115: BEGONIACEAE (Begonia Family) Begoni
Page 116 and 117: BOMBACACEAE (Bombax Family) Ceiba p
Page 118 and 119: petiolate or not clasping; petioles
Page 120 and 121: Rhaphanus sativus L. var. longipinn
Page 122 and 123: Capparis quiniflora DC. syn. C. ric
Page 124 and 125: lanceolate or subulate, awl-shaped
Page 126 and 127: stamens; fruit, about 2.5 cm long,
Page 128 and 129: Ipomoea hederifolia L. syn. I. angu
Page 130 and 131: CRASSULACEAE (Orpine Family) Kalanc
Page 132 and 133: mm long, many, whitish or buff, smo
Page 134 and 135: Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. "angled
Page 136 and 137: green, often mottled with various s
Page 138 and 139: terminal branching clusters (cymes)
Page 140 and 141: Euphorbia hypericifolia L. "spurge"
Page 142 and 143: orne in cyathia in sessile, axillar
Page 144 and 145: Phyllanthus amarus Sch. & Th. te ka
Page 146 and 147: Adenanthera pavonina L. bin ("beanU
Page 148 and 149: Recent introduction. Trop. America.
Page 150 and 151: Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. "sea bean
Page 152 and 153: pair largest, elliptic or ovate-lan
Page 154 and 155: Crotalaria retusa L. " rattlepod" R
Page 156 and 157: central plateau. No reported use in
Page 160 and 161: of leaflets; petioles, up to 10 cm
Page 162 and 163: and 5 to 7 mm wide, linear-oblong o
Page 164 and 165: parted; corolla, showy, bright scar
Page 166 and 167: HERNANDIACEAE (Hernandia Family) He
Page 168 and 169: Location. Fragrant flowers and leav
Page 170 and 171: crowded near the ends of branches;
Page 172 and 173: MALVACEAE (Mallow Family) Abutilon
Page 174 and 175: Hibiscus mutabilis L. "changeable r
Page 176 and 177: Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Gar
Page 178 and 179: 2.5 cm wide, alternate, elliptic or
Page 180 and 181: long, linear, yellowish, fragrant;
Page 182 and 183: leaves, 10 to 30 cm long and 5 to 2
Page 184 and 185: MYRTACEAE (Myrtle Family) Eucalyptu
Page 186 and 187: numerous, anthers introrse, opening
Page 188 and 189: lades with axillary hair tufts bene
Page 190 and 191: Passiflora edulis Sims "passionfrui
Page 192 and 193: earing numerous crowded small flowe
Page 194 and 195: to 3 cm long; inflorescences, small
Page 196 and 197: emnant. Rare shrub with edible frui
Page 198 and 199: Ixora casei Hance "ixora" te katuru
Page 200 and 201: -- --- included, anthers normal but
Page 202 and 203: to bright yellow when ripe dependin
Page 204 and 205: SAPOTACEAE (Sapodilla Family) Chrys
Page 206 and 207: Russelia sarmentosa Jacq. Recent in
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Datura metel L. syn. D. fastuosa L.
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Solanum melongena L. "egg plant", "
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Triumfetta procumbens F0rst.f. "bea
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asally; petiole, 0.4 to 2 cm long,
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-- used in garlands. The first Naur
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strip in low-lying areas near base
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. c. 1972. Phytogeography of Micron
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Mueller-Dombois, D. 1975. Some aspe
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- . 1988a. Health and Nutrition in
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216 Appendix I. Class, subclass, fa
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Lauraceae 1 - 1 2 Lecythidaceae 1 -
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Lepidiwn bidentatum Peperomia spp.
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222 Cordia subcordata Qcas circinal
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