3 Fish biology and anatomy Биологија и анатомија на ... - UNDP
3 Fish biology and anatomy Биологија и анатомија на ... - UNDP
3 Fish biology and anatomy Биологија и анатомија на ... - UNDP
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84<br />
Distribution<br />
Europe: Prespa Lakes basin. Lacustrine species which is found along shores <strong>and</strong> in shallow,<br />
swampy areas.<br />
Распространување<br />
Европа: во сл<strong>и</strong>вот <strong>на</strong> Преспанск<strong>и</strong>те Езера. Станува збор за езерск<strong>и</strong> в<strong>и</strong>д кој се среќава<br />
долж езерското крајбрежје <strong>и</strong> во пл<strong>и</strong>тк<strong>и</strong> мочур<strong>и</strong>шн<strong>и</strong> подрачја.<br />
Përhapja<br />
Evropë: Baseni i Liqeneve të Prespës. Specie liqenore e cila gjendet përgjatë brigjeve dhe në<br />
zona të cekëta dhe moçalore.<br />
Κατανομή<br />
Ευρώπη: Λίμνες λεκάνης Πρεσπών. Λιμναίο είδος που βρίσκεται κατά μήκος των ακτών και σε<br />
αβαθής βαλτώδη περιοχές.<br />
Biology<br />
Sexual maturity in males for the Prespa<br />
roach is reached in the second year<br />
(usually in the third year), while for females<br />
it is a year later. It spawns in lakes in May-<br />
June usually at water temperatures of 16-<br />
18 ο C. The eggs are sticky <strong>and</strong> cling to the<br />
substrate. The development of embryos<br />
in the eggs takes about a week. It is well<br />
adapted to fluctuations in water level <strong>and</strong><br />
changes in the water temperature. It is an<br />
omnivorous species.<br />
<strong>Fish</strong>ing significance<br />
High significance for commercial <strong>and</strong><br />
recreational fishing.<br />
Threats<br />
Potential threat to the species from water<br />
abstraction, drought, pollution <strong>and</strong><br />
introduced species which could impact<br />
the whole lake. Prespa roach as well<br />
as bleak is the second prey of breeding<br />
Dalmatian pelicans (Pelecanus crispus)<br />
<strong>and</strong> cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) <strong>and</strong><br />
other fish eating birds.<br />
Conservation actions<br />
Strictly limited fishing quotas.<br />
<strong>Б<strong>и</strong>олог<strong>и</strong>ја</strong><br />
Мажјац<strong>и</strong>те дост<strong>и</strong>гнуваат полова зрелост<br />
околу втората, а <strong>на</strong>јчесто во третата<br />
год<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong>, додека кај женк<strong>и</strong>те тоа се<br />
случува ед<strong>на</strong> год<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong> подоц<strong>на</strong>. Едн<strong>и</strong>нк<strong>и</strong>те<br />
од овој в<strong>и</strong>д се мрестат во пер<strong>и</strong>одот <strong>на</strong><br />
месец<strong>и</strong>те мај – јун<strong>и</strong>, вооб<strong>и</strong>чаено кога<br />
температурата дост<strong>и</strong>гнува 16-18 ο C.<br />
Икр<strong>и</strong>те се лепат за супстратот. Развојот<br />
<strong>на</strong> ембр<strong>и</strong>онот во <strong>и</strong>кр<strong>и</strong>те се одв<strong>и</strong>ва<br />
околу ед<strong>на</strong> недела. Овој в<strong>и</strong>д е добро<br />
адапт<strong>и</strong>ран <strong>на</strong> флуктуац<strong>и</strong><strong>и</strong>те <strong>на</strong> водното<br />
н<strong>и</strong>во <strong>и</strong> промен<strong>и</strong>те <strong>на</strong> температурата. Тој<br />
претставува омн<strong>и</strong>ворен в<strong>и</strong>д, односно се<br />
хран<strong>и</strong> <strong>и</strong> со раст<strong>и</strong>тел<strong>на</strong> <strong>и</strong> со ж<strong>и</strong>вот<strong>и</strong>нска<br />
хра<strong>на</strong>.<br />
З<strong>на</strong>чајност за р<strong>и</strong>барството<br />
Голема з<strong>на</strong>чајност за стопанск<strong>и</strong> <strong>и</strong><br />
рекреат<strong>и</strong>вен р<strong>и</strong>болов.<br />
Закан<strong>и</strong><br />
Потенц<strong>и</strong>јалн<strong>и</strong> закан<strong>и</strong> за овој в<strong>и</strong>д се<br />
црпењето <strong>на</strong> вода, сушата, загадувањето<br />
<strong>и</strong> воведен<strong>и</strong>те в<strong>и</strong>дов<strong>и</strong> ко<strong>и</strong> може да<br />
вл<strong>и</strong>јаат врз целото езеро. Преспанск<strong>и</strong>от<br />
грунец покрај белв<strong>и</strong>цата е втор по<br />
важност плен <strong>на</strong> кадроглав<strong>и</strong>от пел<strong>и</strong>кан<br />
(Pelеcanus crispus), голем<strong>и</strong>от корморан<br />
(Phalacrocorax carbo) <strong>и</strong> друг<strong>и</strong> в<strong>и</strong>дов<strong>и</strong> <strong>на</strong><br />
пт<strong>и</strong>ц<strong>и</strong> ко<strong>и</strong> се хра<strong>на</strong>т со р<strong>и</strong>ба.<br />
Мерк<strong>и</strong> за зачувување<br />
Строго огран<strong>и</strong>чен<strong>и</strong> квот<strong>и</strong> <strong>на</strong> <strong>и</strong>злов.
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