3 Fish biology and anatomy Биологија и анатомија на ... - UNDP
3 Fish biology and anatomy Биологија и анатомија на ... - UNDP
3 Fish biology and anatomy Биологија и анатомија на ... - UNDP
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Squalius prespensis<br />
PRESPA CHUB<br />
ПРЕСПАНСКИ КЛЕН<br />
MLYSHI I PRESPËS<br />
ΚΈΦΑΛΟΣ<br />
conservation status статус <strong>на</strong> зашт<strong>и</strong>та statusi i mbrojtjes κατάσταση διατήρησης LC<br />
Etymology<br />
The name of genus Squalius comes from<br />
the Latin word squaleo, squalidus which<br />
means coarse skin. Latin name prespensis<br />
is applied to the area of Prespa Lakes<br />
that the Prespa chub inhabits.<br />
Description<br />
This is an endemic species of ray-finned<br />
fishes which belongs to the Cyprinidae<br />
family. It is distinguished from its<br />
congeners in the Balkan Peninsula by<br />
the following characteristics: head length<br />
1.2-1.3 times body depth, 27-31% SL;<br />
mouth terminal; eye diameter 17-20% HL;<br />
scales on lateral line 41-44 + 2; body<br />
depth 21-24% SL; dorsal fin with 8½<br />
branched rays; anal fin with 8-9½<br />
branched rays; distal margin of anal fin<br />
convex; distance between tips of first <strong>and</strong><br />
last branched anal rays (with fin stretched<br />
out) 1.2-1.3 times caudal peduncle depth;<br />
<strong>and</strong> greyish to blackish fins. It grows to<br />
maximum of 800 mm in length.<br />
Ет<strong>и</strong>молог<strong>и</strong>ја<br />
Името <strong>на</strong> родот Squalius доаѓа од лат<strong>и</strong>нск<strong>и</strong>от<br />
збор squaleo, squalidus што оз<strong>на</strong>чува<br />
груба, рапава кожа. Лат<strong>и</strong>нското<br />
<strong>и</strong>ме prespensis го оп<strong>и</strong>шува подрачјето<br />
во кое се среќава в<strong>и</strong>дот.<br />
Оп<strong>и</strong>с<br />
Станува зборза ендем<strong>и</strong>чен в<strong>и</strong>д <strong>на</strong><br />
зракопер<strong>на</strong> р<strong>и</strong>ба од семејството<br />
<strong>на</strong> крапов<strong>и</strong> –Cyprinidae. Од друг<strong>и</strong>те<br />
негов<strong>и</strong> сродн<strong>и</strong>ц<strong>и</strong> ко<strong>и</strong> се среќаваат<br />
<strong>на</strong> Балканск<strong>и</strong>от Полуостров се<br />
разл<strong>и</strong>кува по следн<strong>и</strong>те карактер<strong>и</strong>ст<strong>и</strong>к<strong>и</strong>:<br />
долж<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong>та <strong>на</strong> главата е 1.2-1.3 пат<strong>и</strong><br />
поголема од ш<strong>и</strong>роч<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong>та, 27-31%<br />
SL; устата е терм<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong>ло поставе<strong>на</strong>, а<br />
д<strong>и</strong>јаметарот <strong>на</strong> оч<strong>и</strong>те е 17-20% HL;<br />
лушп<strong>и</strong>те <strong>на</strong> стран<strong>и</strong>ч<strong>на</strong>та л<strong>и</strong>н<strong>и</strong>ја се<br />
41-44 + 2, а ш<strong>и</strong>роч<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong>та <strong>на</strong> телото<br />
е 21-24% SL; грб<strong>на</strong>та перка е со 8½<br />
разгранет<strong>и</strong> зрац<strong>и</strong>, а а<strong>на</strong>л<strong>на</strong>та перка<br />
со 8-9½ разгранет<strong>и</strong> зрац<strong>и</strong>; крајн<strong>и</strong>от<br />
раб <strong>на</strong> а<strong>на</strong>л<strong>на</strong>та перка е <strong>и</strong>спак<strong>на</strong>т, а<br />
растојан<strong>и</strong>ето помеѓу завршетокот <strong>на</strong><br />
прв<strong>и</strong>те <strong>и</strong> последн<strong>и</strong>те разгранет<strong>и</strong> а<strong>на</strong>лн<strong>и</strong><br />
зрац<strong>и</strong> (со перката растег<strong>на</strong>та) е 1.2-1.3<br />
пат<strong>и</strong> од ш<strong>и</strong>роч<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong>та <strong>на</strong> опашното<br />
стебло; <strong>и</strong>ма с<strong>и</strong>вкаст<strong>и</strong> до црн<strong>и</strong> перк<strong>и</strong>.<br />
Макс<strong>и</strong>мал<strong>на</strong>та долж<strong>и</strong><strong>на</strong> може да<br />
дост<strong>и</strong>гне 800 mm.<br />
Etimologjia<br />
Emri i gjinisë Squalius e ka prejardhjen<br />
nga fjala latine squaleo, squalidus që do<br />
të thotë lëkurë e ashpër. Emri latin prespensis<br />
përdoret për zonën e Liqeneve të<br />
Prespës në të cilin jeton mlyshi i Prespës.<br />
Përshkrimi<br />
Ky është një lloj tipik i peshkut me pendë<br />
me rreze të buta që i takon familjes<br />
Cyprinidae. Dallon prej llojeve të tjera në<br />
Gadishullin Ballkanik në bazë të karakteristikave<br />
të mëposhtëme: gjatësia e kokës<br />
1.2-1.3 herë sa thellësia e trupit, 27-31%<br />
SL (gjatësia st<strong>and</strong>arde): buza e sipërme<br />
pa ngritje; gojë fundore; diametri i syrit<br />
17-20% HL (gjatësia e kokës); luspa në<br />
vijën anësore 41-44 + 2; thellësia e trupit<br />
21-24% SL (gjatësi st<strong>and</strong>arde); penda kurrizore<br />
me 8½ rreze të buta të degëzuara;<br />
penda anale me 8-9½ rreze të buta të<br />
degëzuara; skaji i pendës anale është i<br />
mysët; distanca mes majave të rrezeve të<br />
buta anale të degëzuara të para dhe të<br />
fundit (me fletën e shtrirë) 1.2-1.3 herë<br />
thellësia e para-bishtit; dhe pendë bojë<br />
hiri dhe zi. Rritet deri në maksimum<br />
800 mm në gjatësi.<br />
Ετυμολογία<br />
Το όνομα του γένους Squalius προέρχεται<br />
από την Λατινική λέξη squaleo, squalidus<br />
που σημαίνει τραχύ δέρμα. Το Λατινικό<br />
όνομα prespensis αφορά στην περιοχή<br />
των Λιμνών Πρεσπών όπου το ψάρι<br />
ενδημεί.<br />
Περιγραφή<br />
Ενδημικό είδος ψαριού με ακτινωτά<br />
πτερύγια της οικογένειας Cyprinidae.<br />
Ξεχωρίζει από τους συγγενείς του στην<br />
Βαλκανική Χερσόνησο από τα παρακάτω<br />
χαρακτηριστικά: μήκος κεφαλιού 1.2-1.3<br />
φορές το βάθος του κορμιού, 27-31%<br />
SL, άνω χείλος δεν προεξέχει, άκρη του<br />
στόματος, διάμετρος ματιού 17-20% HL,<br />
λέπια στην πλευρική γραμμή 41-44+2,<br />
βάθος κορμού 21-24%SL, ραχιαίο<br />
πτερύγιο με 8 ½ συνδεόμενες ακτίνες,<br />
οπίσθιο πτερύγιο με 8-9 ½ συνδεόμενες<br />
ακτίνες, κυρτό οπίσθιο πτερύγιο, απόσταση<br />
μεταξύ των άκρων της πρώτης και της<br />
τελευταίας συνδεόμενης οπίσθιας ακτίνας<br />
(με το πτερύγιο τεντωμένο) 1.2-1.3 φορές<br />
το βάθος του ουραίου μίσχου, και γκρίζα<br />
προς μαυριδερά πτερύγια. Μεγαλώνει το<br />
μέγιστο σε μήκος 800 mm.<br />
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