The Triumphant Life of Theodore Roosevelt edited by J. Martin Miller

300 THROUGH ONE ADMINISTRATION
Turner. The joint commission met in London on September
3, IQ03, and on October 20th following gave its decision in
favor of the United States.
The year 1903 was full of the events that go to make up
the history of a nation. Not only was the Alaska boundary
settled for all time to come, but the first Panama Canal treaty
with Colombia was negotiated. The President's fight for
reciprocity with Cuba was won, the army reorganization bill
passed, a large increase made in the navy. These matters
occupied the attention of Congress for the first three months
of the year.
HUNTS DOWN POSTOFFICE FRAUDS
The sensational feature of the year was the investigation
of frauds which had crept into the postoffice department and
from small beginnings had grown into formidable proportions.
This investigation was made by direction of President Roose-
velt. It continued for several months and resulted in the
indictment of a number of officials and the removal of others.
Among those indicted were James N. Tyner, assistant attorney-
general for the postoffice department, who was for several
months postmaster-general under President Grant and who
had been connected with the department since 1861. A. W.
Machen, general superintendent of the free delivery system,
was removed from office and indicted on fourteen counts.
George W. Beavers, general superintendent of salaries and
allowances, was removed and indicted on eight counts.
Other officials indicted were: J. T. Metcalf, superintendent
of the money order system; Daniel V. Miller, assistant
attorney; Louis Kempner, superintendent of the registry sys-
tem; Charles Hedges, superintendent of the cit}' free delivery
service; and seven other minor officials, together with a num-