Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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5- Rhyacophila laevis Pictet, 1834 MATERIAL STUDIED: 2L Noguera Ribagorçana Basin: OUT200m, INLET Trichopteran species list DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY Central and southwestern European species. In the Iberian Peninsula it is found only in the north-east area. Larvae are typical from headwaters of high mountain pristine rivers at high altitudes (Décamps, 1967). 6- Rhyacophila meridionalis Pictet, 1865 MATERIAL STUDIED: 150L, 2P♂ (VIII), 1♂ (X) Ter Basin: T9, T10, T12, TM2, TM5 Tordera Basin: ToM5, ToM6, ToM8, ToM10, ToM12, ToM13, ToM15 Besòs Basin: B32 Llobregat Basin: L54, L56 Segura Basin: SE01 Almanzora Basin: AL6 Adra Basin: AD5 Guadalfeo Basin: GU1, GU5, GU11, GU15 TAXONOMIC REMARKS Most of the specimens collected in Mediterranean northern basins (i.e., Ter, Tordera, Besòs and Llobregat) present a head colour pattern as in the Décamps original description and the northwest larvae (Vieira-Lanero, 2000), whereas larvae found in southern basins (Segura, Almanzora, Adra and Guadalfeo) are similar to the ones described in Zamora- Muñoz et al. (1997). DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY Southwestern European species. In the Iberian Peninsula it is distributed preferently in northern areas, although records from southern areas are found (Zamora-Muñoz et al., 1997). Rh. meridionalis is present in a wide range of altitudes (Vieira-Lanero, 2000). It appears intolerant to high discharge what can constrain its downstream distribution (Zamora- Muñoz et al., 1997). In the sampled rivers it has been found in riffles of siliceous and calcareous pristine headwaters. González del Tánago & García de Jalón, (1984) considered that this species is intolerant to pollution. According to the results found in Bonada et al. (Chapter 8), it is very sensitive species to conductivity, suspended solids and ammonium, but may tolerate some phosphorous. 7- Rhyacophila mocsaryi Klapálek, 1898 MATERIAL STUDIED: 37L Ter basin: T3, T4, T7, T8, T10, TM4, TM5 TAXONOMIC REMARKS In the Iberian Peninsula all specimens belong to the subspecies tredosensis (González et al., 1992). 211
Chapter 6 DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY This species has been recorded in the Iberian Peninsula, Pyrenees, Caucasian and Balkans. R. mocsaryi tredosensis has been collected in mountain headwaters rivers (Décamps, 1967; Bautista, 1980; García de Jalón, 1982) with a pristine water quality (González del Tánago & García de Jalón, 1984), as in our case. 8- Rhyacophila munda McLachlan, 1862 MATERIAL STUDIED: 141L, 4P♂3P♀ (I, IV, VII), 1♀ (V) Mijares Basin: MI7 Turia Basin: TU12 Júcar Basin: JU5, JU9, JU12, JU13, JU19 Segura Basin: SE1, SE3, SE4, SE5, SE7, SE16 Almanzora Basin: AL2, AL6, AL10, AL11 Aguas Basin: AG1 Adra Basin: AD2, AD3, AD4 Guadalfeo Basin: GU4, GU5, GU6, GU7, GU8, GU9, GU10, GU11, GU12, GU13, GU14, GU15, GU16 TAXONOMIC REMARKS Larvae from Rh. munda have been traditionally distinguished from Rh. lusitanica by a different length of the sword process (Viedma & García de Jalón, 1980). However, Zamora- Muñoz (pers. comm.) found specimens of Rh. munda with a longer process than the expected. Most of the specimens collected in Mijares, Turia, Júcar, Segura, Almanzora and Aguas present a long sword process, and head and pronotum patterns are similar to Rh. lusitanica. Although some difficulties have been found when identifying our specimens, we have provisionally named them as Rh. munda, because Rh. lusitanica is more constrained to central and northwest Spanish areas (Vieira-Lanero, 2000), whereas Rh. munda is widely distributed and very abundant in south Spain. More pupae and adults of all these basins are needed to ensure larvae identifications. This species shows a strong similarity with the undescribed Rh. fonticola present in southern Spain, both species coexisting in some sites (Ruiz et al., 2001). When Rh. munda and a specimen of Rh. fonticola (loan from R. Vieira-Lanero) are compared some differences are observed in head patterns. Our specimens of Rh. munda do not present conspicuous brown dots in the head ventrally, contrarily to the specimen of Rh. fonticola. Moreover, an aboral V-shape brown spot is present in the apotome of Rh. fonticola but is not as clear in Rh. munda. DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY Southwestern European and north African species. In the Iberian Peninsula is widely distributed (Vieira-Lanero, 2000). However, we did not find Rh. munda in northern Mediterranean basins. Contrary to Rh. fonticola associated to siliceous springs (Ruiz et al., 2001), Rh. munda species is associated with midstream reaches (Vieira-Lanero, 2000; Bonada et al., Chapter 7) in permanent and temporary streams (García de Jalón & González del Tánago, 1986). It appears able to tolerate a wide range of conditions and it is very abundant in sedimentary substrates within marl basins in the southeast Spain (Bonada et al., Chapter 8). It has been identified as tolerant species (González del Tánago & García de Jalón, 1984), and in our case it is even present at high suspended solids concentration and low riparian and biological indexes (Bonada et al., Chapter 8). 212
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Departament d’Ecologia Facultat d
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Als rius
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Agraïments Ara que miro enrera, me
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Als companys del GUADALMED per have
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Chapter 6 ─ Trichoptera (insecta)
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Resum Hi ha cinc regions en el món
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Resum Factors històrics Factors ec
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Resum METODOLOGIA CAPÍTOL 1: Un pr
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Resum Capítol 1. De manera general
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Resum conca Mediterrània (65% de s
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Resum importants al sud-oest austra
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Resum Els resultats mostraren que l
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Resum No s’han trobat diferèncie
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Resum OBJECTIUS Capítol 6 Presenta
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Resum comunitats de tricòpters tro
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Resum elevades salinitats (probable
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Resum d’asimetria fluctuant i, pe
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Brief introduction and objectives T
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Brief introduction and objectives H
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Brief introduction and objectives 3
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Chapter 1 (Karr, 1981, 1996) using
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Chapter 1 Figure 1. Segura basin an
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Chapter 1 PROTOCOL 2: The samples c
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Chapter 1 Macroinvertebrates: effec
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Chapter 1 % similarity Figure 4. De
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Chapter 1 number of taxa ISASPT 28
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Chapter 1 are some differences in t
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Chapter 1 results got in the field
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Chapter 1 The more appropriate taxo
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Chapter 1 Protocol 1. Non-reference
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Chapter 1 CORKUM, L. D. (1989). Pat
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Chapter 1 RESH , V. H.; NORRIS, R.
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Chapter 1 Annex 1. List of taxa fou
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Chapter 2 The organisms more used t
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Chapter 2 Palmiet basins were selec
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Chapter 2 calcareous and sedimentar
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Chapter 2 Similarities and differen
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Chapter 2 1 0 -1 Spain B24-RLB24-SV
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Chapter 2 200 160 120 80 40 0 40 30
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Chapter 2 macroinvertebrate fauna o
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Chapter 2 methodology yield better
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Chapter 2 VIDAL-ABARCA, M.R.; VIVAS
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Chapter 2 NORRIS, R. H. & GEOREGES,
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Chapter 2 82
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Chapter 3 whereas summers are hot w
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Chapter 3 When first explorers arri
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Chapter 3 stream in the most humit
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Chapter 3 studies at multiple scale
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Chapter 3 ecoregion; 4 in “Northe
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Chapter 3 Project was to establish
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Chapter 3 condition this method is
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Chapter 3 Table 2. Exclusive and ub
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Chapter 3 Chile and SAustralia have
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Chapter 3 Differences between all s
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Chapter 3 the abundants Caenidae, H
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Chapter 3 Mean of % relative abunda
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Chapter 3 For the rest of med-regio
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Chapter 3 The values of IV-values f
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Chapter 3 Temporary sites are chara
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Chapter 3 but not for MedBasin and
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Chapter 3 Table 9. IndVal results b
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Chapter 3 CALIFORNIA 70.8% MEDBASIN
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Chapter 3 Geological connexions Com
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Chapter 3 In spite of these observe
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Chapter 3 multivoltine life cycles
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Chapter 3 intermittency, flood freq
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Chapter 3 Other convergences and di
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Chapter 3 BALL, I. R. (1975). Natur
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Chapter 3 DE MOOR, F. C. (1992). a.
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Chapter 3 GENTILLI, J. (1989). Clim
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Chapter 3 LOGAN, P. & BROOKER, M. P
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Chapter 3 PRAT, N. 1993. El futuro
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Chapter 3 Minshall, G. W. (eds.). S
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Chapter 3 Annex 1. Presence and abs
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Chapter 3 California MedBasin Chile
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Chapter 3 Plate 1. Characteristics
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Chapter 4 Lake, 1992; Cooper et al.
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Chapter 4 Coastal Ranges SAN FRANCI
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Chapter 4 IndVal method (Dufrêne &
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Chapter 4 the bottom have a similar
Page 173 and 174: Chapter 4 Figure 4. Bray-Curtis clu
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Page 177 and 178: Chapter 4 mediterranean areas in th
Page 179 and 180: Chapter 4 DELUCCHI, C. M. (1989). M
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Page 183 and 184: Chapter 5 distribution of organisms
Page 185 and 186: Chapter 5 & Allan, 1995). The level
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Page 189 and 190: Chapter 5 Data analysis Seasonal ch
Page 191 and 192: Chapter 5 Macroinvertebrates and te
Page 193 and 194: Chapter 5 As a change in the flow c
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Page 201 and 202: Chapter 5 flow species”. They dis
Page 203 and 204: Chapter 5 As Townsend and Hildrew (
Page 205 and 206: Chapter 5 a mix of riffles/pool/cor
Page 207 and 208: Chapter 5 Although natural disturba
Page 209 and 210: Chapter 5 GRAY, L. J.; FISHER, S. G
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Page 213 and 214: Chapter 5 Annex 1. Physical structu
Page 215 and 216: Chapter 5 Annex 3. Biological trait
Page 217 and 218: Chapter 5 Annex 5. Maximum affinity
Page 219 and 220: Chapter 6 high number of endemic sp
Page 221 and 222: Chapter 6 Checklist structure and t
Page 223: Chapter 6 This species has been rec
Page 227 and 228: Chapter 6 11- Rhyacophila pascoei M
Page 229 and 230: Chapter 6 1984), specially to suspe
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Page 233 and 234: Chapter 6 DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY
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Page 243 and 244: Chapter 6 47- Tinodes maclachlani K
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Page 253 and 254: Chapter 6 Tordera Basin: ToM6, ToM7
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Page 257 and 258: Chapter 6 Superfamily LEPTOCEROIDEA
Page 259 and 260: Chapter 6 TRIBU Triaenodini Morse,
Page 261 and 262: Chapter 6 Schizopelex McLachlan, 18
Page 263 and 264: Chapter 6 present a European distri
Page 265 and 266: Chapter 6 REFERENCES BALLETTO, E. &
Page 267 and 268: Chapter 6 PRAT, N.; PUIG, M. A. & G
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Page 273 and 274: Chapter 6 GUADALQUIVIR BASIN Site c
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Chapter 7 (e.g., Ormerod & Edwards,
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Chapter 7 Figure 1. Basins sampled
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Chapter 7 taken until no more famil
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Chapter 7 Geomorphological variable
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Chapter 7 Seasonal changes in caddi
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Chapter 7 Table 2. Maximum abundanc
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Chapter 7 headwaters at high altitu
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Chapter 7 Table 4. Pearson correlat
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Chapter 7 X 2 axis X 3 axis 3 2 1 0
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Chapter 7 280 WILK'S LAMBDA CONDUCT
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Chapter 7 midstreams with a mix of
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Chapter 7 high significant of each
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Chapter 7 % of total variation % of
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Chapter 7 Geology has been consider
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Chapter 7 Although the large set of
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Chapter 7 AUSTIN, M. P., & GREIG-SM
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Chapter 7 RIERADEVALL, M.; SÁINZ-C
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Chapter 7 POWER, M. E.; STOUT, R. J
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Chapter 7 ZAMORA-MUÑOZ, C.; ALBA-T
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Chapter 7 * Type of the riparian ha
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Chapter 7 Annex 3. Taxa’s codes C
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Chapter 8 & Higler, 1992). Ecologic
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Chapter 8 Spain France Town Mountai
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Chapter 8 depending on their degree
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Chapter 8 Optimum and Tolerances fr
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Chapter 8 abundance over 100 but ca
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Chapter 8 O&T for IBMWP O&T for QBR
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Chapter 8 O&T for SS O&T for SULPHA
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Chapter 8 The two species of Potamo
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS OXYGEN
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS 0 P-PHO
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Chapter 8 DISCUSSION The wide range
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Chapter 8 incorporated, indexes at
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Chapter 8 DOHET, A. (2002). Are cad
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Chapter 8 SUÁR Segura. TER B 1. TO
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Chapter 8 Annex 1. List of caddisfl
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Chapter 8 334
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Chapter 9 about the effect of envir
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Chapter 9 SPAIN FRANCE Pyrenees Med
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Chapter 9 influenced by salinity be
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Chapter 9 depending on the trait. A
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Chapter 9 Similarly to levels of FA
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Chapter 9 mix of individuals with l
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Chapter 9 Macroinvertebrates and Fi
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Chapter 9 MERILÄ, J. & BJORKLUND,
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Chapter 9 Annex 1. Values of mean (
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Conclusions 4. Responses to tempora
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Conclusions 356
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Conclusions 358
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Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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