Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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Local scale: Optimums and tolerances in Trichoptera Table 2. DIS value from ecological profiles for families and genus/species. Taxa are arranged by decreasing DIS. High DIS indicate a very sensitive taxa whereas low values are typical from the most tolerant caddisfly. The score used in IBMWP is also presented. DIS IBMWP Score DIS Brachycentridae 5.07 10 H. tessellatus 5.27 Lepidostomatidae 4.75 10 P. montanus 5.20 Odontoceridae 4.55 10 M. moestum 5.15 Sericostomatidae 4.47 10 P. latipennis 5.04 Limnephilidae 3.92 7 A. chauviniana 5.04 Leptoceridae 3.79 10 Allogamus sp 5.02 Psychomyiidae 3.71 8 Chaetopteryx sp. 5.02 Rhyacophilidae 3.65 7 M. longulum 4.96 Polycentropodidae 3.04 8 Ithytrichia sp. 4.95 Philopotamidae 2.93 8 Rh. nevada 4.95 Hydroptilidae 2.14 6 P. cingulatus 4.95 Hydropsychidae 1.93 5 H. dinarica 4.86 Glossosomatidae 1.61 8 L. basalis 4.81 323 O. albicorne 4.75 Rh. meridionalis 4.72 M. azurea 4.68 Stenophylax sp. 4.65 L. guadarramicus 4.58 H. brevis 4.57 H. instabilis 4.56 H. radiatus 4.50 H. siltalai 4.47 Athripsodes sp. 4.44 Sericostoma sp. 4.41 Plectrocnemia sp. 4.38 Rh. gr. tristis 4.21 P. flavomaculatus 4.15 C. lepida 4.12 Tinodes sp. 4.09 M. aspersus 4.00 Rh. dorsalis 4.00 H. sp1 3.68 P. kingi 3.60 H. infernalis 3.58 H. gr. pellucidula 3.46 S. argentipunctellus 3.36 Rh. munda 3.33 C. marginata 3.17 Hydroptila sp. 2.99 Agapetus sp. 2.13 H. exocellata 1.56 decrease of intolerance
<strong>Chapter</strong> 8 DISCUSSION The wide range of ecological profiles showed by caddisfly families and species in the Mediterranean area confirm the idea expressed by several authors that Trichoptera is an ideal group to assess water quality (e.g., Resh, 1992; Berlin & Thiele, 2002; Waringer & Graf, 2002; Dohet, 2002). In this study, a gradient of caddisfly families and species have been provided using several chemical and other ecosystem properties as riparian vegetation and the macroinvertebrate community. Consequently, caddisflies appear to be good indicators of water quality, and a good tool to protect aquatic ecosystems where they exist, especially for the most sensitive species (de Moor, 1999). However, some overlooked variables because unavailable, would refine final ecological profiles and tolerances to water quality variables. For example, heavy metals (Besch et al., 1979; Darlington et al., 1987), hydrocarbons (Simpson, 1980) or pesticides (Décamps et al., 1973) have been proved to have a significant effect on caddisflies taxa. Several mechanisms have been identified as the responsible to allow the presence of some species in poor water conditions and avoid others (see Wiederholm, 1984): morphological adaptations, behavior, metabolic processes, osmoregulation, or detoxification. In general, our results agree with the ones obtained from ecological studies in literature. Looking at the ecological profiles of several species of Rhyacophila sp., Moretti & Mearelli (1981) found that Rh. dorsalis had a wider ecological profile than Rh. gr. tristis, what can be also observed in our results. Rh. dorsalis has been found in headwater and midstream rivers with different biological quality (Bonada et al., <strong>Chapter</strong> 8). Species with a quite restricted ecological profile as H. siltalai, M. azurea or O. albicorne were proved to be species with high indicator values of sites with low organic pollution (Dohet et al., 2002). However, our study suggests that some caddisflies families and species in the Iberian rivers are sensitive to some variables but more tolerant to others, indicating a higher ecological diversification in the sampled mediterranean rivers. This phenomena is rarely noticed in literature because most of the studies have been performed using few species or with species from a single family. Moreover, most of the published studies looking at the effects of specific chemical parameters in caddisflies in behaviour, life history or metabolic processes only include one or two chemical variables (see Resh, 1992). Both aspects make difficult interpretations of results obtained using numerous chemical variables (Stuijfzand, 1999), as in the present study. Overall, except for some species, caddisflies can be present in a wide range of riparian and biological conditions. Riparian vegetation is an important element to the macroinvertebrate community organization (e.g., Molles, 1982; Aguiar et al., 2002) that indirectly may affect 324
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Departament d’Ecologia Facultat d
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Als rius
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Agraïments Ara que miro enrera, me
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Als companys del GUADALMED per have
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Chapter 6 ─ Trichoptera (insecta)
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Resum Hi ha cinc regions en el món
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Resum Factors històrics Factors ec
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Resum METODOLOGIA CAPÍTOL 1: Un pr
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Resum Capítol 1. De manera general
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Resum conca Mediterrània (65% de s
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Resum importants al sud-oest austra
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Resum Els resultats mostraren que l
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Resum No s’han trobat diferèncie
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Resum OBJECTIUS Capítol 6 Presenta
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Resum comunitats de tricòpters tro
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Resum elevades salinitats (probable
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Resum d’asimetria fluctuant i, pe
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Brief introduction and objectives T
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Brief introduction and objectives H
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Brief introduction and objectives 3
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Chapter 1 (Karr, 1981, 1996) using
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Chapter 1 Figure 1. Segura basin an
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Chapter 1 PROTOCOL 2: The samples c
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Chapter 1 Macroinvertebrates: effec
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Chapter 1 % similarity Figure 4. De
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Chapter 1 number of taxa ISASPT 28
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Chapter 1 are some differences in t
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Chapter 1 results got in the field
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Chapter 1 The more appropriate taxo
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Chapter 1 Protocol 1. Non-reference
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Chapter 1 CORKUM, L. D. (1989). Pat
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Chapter 1 RESH , V. H.; NORRIS, R.
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Chapter 1 Annex 1. List of taxa fou
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Chapter 2 The organisms more used t
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Chapter 2 Palmiet basins were selec
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Chapter 2 calcareous and sedimentar
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Chapter 2 Similarities and differen
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Chapter 2 1 0 -1 Spain B24-RLB24-SV
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Chapter 2 200 160 120 80 40 0 40 30
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Chapter 2 macroinvertebrate fauna o
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Chapter 2 methodology yield better
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Chapter 2 VIDAL-ABARCA, M.R.; VIVAS
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Chapter 2 NORRIS, R. H. & GEOREGES,
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Chapter 2 82
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Chapter 3 whereas summers are hot w
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Chapter 3 When first explorers arri
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Chapter 3 stream in the most humit
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Chapter 3 studies at multiple scale
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Chapter 3 ecoregion; 4 in “Northe
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Chapter 3 Project was to establish
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Chapter 3 condition this method is
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Chapter 3 Table 2. Exclusive and ub
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Chapter 3 Chile and SAustralia have
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Chapter 3 Differences between all s
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Chapter 3 the abundants Caenidae, H
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Chapter 3 Mean of % relative abunda
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Chapter 3 For the rest of med-regio
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Chapter 3 The values of IV-values f
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Chapter 3 Temporary sites are chara
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Chapter 3 but not for MedBasin and
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Chapter 3 Table 9. IndVal results b
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Chapter 3 CALIFORNIA 70.8% MEDBASIN
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Chapter 3 Geological connexions Com
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Chapter 3 In spite of these observe
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Chapter 3 multivoltine life cycles
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Chapter 3 intermittency, flood freq
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Chapter 3 Other convergences and di
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Chapter 3 BALL, I. R. (1975). Natur
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Chapter 3 DE MOOR, F. C. (1992). a.
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Chapter 3 GENTILLI, J. (1989). Clim
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Chapter 3 LOGAN, P. & BROOKER, M. P
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Chapter 3 PRAT, N. 1993. El futuro
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Chapter 3 Minshall, G. W. (eds.). S
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Chapter 3 Annex 1. Presence and abs
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Chapter 3 California MedBasin Chile
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Chapter 3 Plate 1. Characteristics
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Chapter 4 Lake, 1992; Cooper et al.
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Chapter 4 Coastal Ranges SAN FRANCI
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Chapter 4 IndVal method (Dufrêne &
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Chapter 4 the bottom have a similar
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Chapter 4 Figure 4. Bray-Curtis clu
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Chapter 4 because methodologies, sa
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Chapter 4 mediterranean areas in th
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Chapter 4 DELUCCHI, C. M. (1989). M
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Chapter 4 168
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Chapter 5 distribution of organisms
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Chapter 5 & Allan, 1995). The level
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Chapter 5 samples were preserved wi
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Chapter 5 Data analysis Seasonal ch
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Chapter 5 Macroinvertebrates and te
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Chapter 5 As a change in the flow c
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Chapter 5 2 1 0 -1 -2 1 0 -1 -2 Ca
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Chapter 5 number of taxa 45 40 35 3
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Chapter 5 Results from the 4 th Cor
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Chapter 5 flow species”. They dis
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Chapter 5 As Townsend and Hildrew (
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Chapter 5 a mix of riffles/pool/cor
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Chapter 5 Although natural disturba
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Chapter 5 GRAY, L. J.; FISHER, S. G
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Chapter 5 RESH, V. H.; JACKSON, J.
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Chapter 5 Annex 1. Physical structu
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Chapter 5 Annex 3. Biological trait
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Chapter 5 Annex 5. Maximum affinity
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Chapter 6 high number of endemic sp
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Chapter 6 Checklist structure and t
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Chapter 6 This species has been rec
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Chapter 6 DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY
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Chapter 6 11- Rhyacophila pascoei M
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Chapter 6 1984), specially to suspe
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Chapter 6 This species can be found
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Chapter 6 Figure 3. Cephalic head f
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Chapter 6 47- Tinodes maclachlani K
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Chapter 6 64- Drusus rectus (McLach
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Chapter 6 pieces of litter arranged
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Chapter 6 Tordera Basin: ToM6, ToM7
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Chapter 6 Although M. aspersus have
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Chapter 6 Superfamily LEPTOCEROIDEA
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Chapter 6 TRIBU Triaenodini Morse,
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Chapter 6 Schizopelex McLachlan, 18
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Chapter 6 present a European distri
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Chapter 6 REFERENCES BALLETTO, E. &
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Chapter 6 PRAT, N.; PUIG, M. A. & G
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Chapter 6 Annex 1. Sampling sites w
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Chapter 6 MIJARES BASIN TURIA BASIN
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Chapter 6 GUADALQUIVIR BASIN Site c
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Chapter 7 (e.g., Ormerod & Edwards,
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Chapter 7 Figure 1. Basins sampled
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Chapter 7 taken until no more famil
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Chapter 7 Geomorphological variable
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Chapter 7 Seasonal changes in caddi
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Page 367 and 368: Conclusions 4. Responses to tempora
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Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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