Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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taxa 24 20 16 12 8 4 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Total 600 nº individuals / counting effort L R Sampling protocol Figure 7. Number of taxa found related with the fraction of the sample checked by all the sampling groups, according to the lotic (R) or lentic (L) habitat. Table 3. Exclusive taxa from lotic and lentic habitat. Exclusive R Exclusive L Hydracarina Coenagrionidae Perlidae Corduliidae Aeshnidae Cordulegasteridae Helodidae Dryopidae Psychomyiidae Haliplidae Psychodidae Hydraenidae Simuliidae Hydrophilidae Stratiomyidae Naucoridae Tabanidae Nepidae Notonectidae Polycentropodidae Ephydridae Glossiphoniidae Riparian vegetation: effects of the sampling team The analysis of variance performed to test differences in the QBR index between teams were significant (p
<strong>Chapter</strong> 1 are some differences in the values between the observers in the same team, the changes in the quality ranks are at most of only one level (Table 4). Table 4. QBR values by teams and observers. DISCUSSION Group QBR value form each group member Average I 40 – 40 – 20 – 25 – 30 31 II 70 – 70 – 50 – 70 – 75 67 III 40 – 30 – 30 – 35 – 25 32 IV 40 – 45 – 55 – 60 – 55 – 50 50 The Rapid Bioassessment Protocols have been proved to be useful in wide regions (Resh & Jackson, 1993; Resh et al., 1995). Several authors have studied the performance of RBPs when reducing the number of samples, the sampled area, the effort in the counting or the taxonomic resolution, and the implementation of the sorting in the field, (Resh & Unzicker, 1975; Stribling et al., 1993; Marchant et al., 1995; Resh et al., 1995; Plafkin et al., 1989; Barbour & Gerritsen, 1996; Barbour et al., 1999; Smith et al., 1999). The GUADALMED1 Project covers a large area that includes most of the watersheds draining into the Mediterranean Sea from the Iberian Peninsula (from the Besòs basin in Catalonia to the Guadalfeo basin in Granada), that is of about one thousand kilometers straight distance and an altitudinal ranges from the sea level to 4000 m in Sierra Nevada. In this case, a RBP must be adequate for the assessment of water quality in Mediterranean streams in Spain following the implementation of the WFD with care. When a sampling methodology has to be implemented in a new area, firstly several protocols should be tested, and the most useful has to be selected (Rosenberg & Resh, 1993; Resh et al., 1995; Hill et al., 2000; Wrigth et al., 2000). In the researched area, many previous studies have been done on macroinvertebrates and some detailed protocols already exist applicable to some catchments (Prat et al., 2000). In the present study, two main sampling protocols currently used in Mediterranean rivers have been tested, one exclusively based in data got from the field and the other combining field and laboratory information. In both, a semi- quantitative sampling method has been applied using the kicking technique. In the literature 48
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Departament d’Ecologia Facultat d
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Als rius
Page 10 and 11: Agraïments Ara que miro enrera, me
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Page 19 and 20: Resum Hi ha cinc regions en el món
Page 21 and 22: Resum Factors històrics Factors ec
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Page 25 and 26: Resum Capítol 1. De manera general
Page 27 and 28: Resum conca Mediterrània (65% de s
Page 29 and 30: Resum importants al sud-oest austra
Page 31 and 32: Resum Els resultats mostraren que l
Page 33 and 34: Resum No s’han trobat diferèncie
Page 35 and 36: Resum OBJECTIUS Capítol 6 Presenta
Page 37 and 38: Resum comunitats de tricòpters tro
Page 39 and 40: Resum elevades salinitats (probable
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Page 43 and 44: Brief introduction and objectives T
Page 45 and 46: Brief introduction and objectives H
Page 47 and 48: Brief introduction and objectives 3
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 1 (Karr, 1981, 1996) using
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 1 Figure 1. Segura basin an
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 1 PROTOCOL 2: The samples c
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 1 Macroinvertebrates: effec
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 1 % similarity Figure 4. De
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Page 63 and 64: Chapter 1 results got in the field
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Page 69 and 70: Chapter 1 CORKUM, L. D. (1989). Pat
Page 71 and 72: Chapter 1 RESH , V. H.; NORRIS, R.
Page 73 and 74: Chapter 1 Annex 1. List of taxa fou
Page 75 and 76: Chapter 2 The organisms more used t
Page 77 and 78: Chapter 2 Palmiet basins were selec
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Page 91 and 92: Chapter 2 VIDAL-ABARCA, M.R.; VIVAS
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 2 NORRIS, R. H. & GEOREGES,
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Page 97 and 98: Chapter 3 whereas summers are hot w
Page 99 and 100: Chapter 3 When first explorers arri
Page 101 and 102: Chapter 3 stream in the most humit
Page 103 and 104: Chapter 3 studies at multiple scale
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Page 107 and 108: Chapter 3 Project was to establish
Page 109 and 110: Chapter 3 condition this method is
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Chapter 3 Table 2. Exclusive and ub
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Chapter 3 Chile and SAustralia have
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Chapter 3 Differences between all s
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Chapter 3 the abundants Caenidae, H
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Chapter 3 Mean of % relative abunda
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Chapter 3 For the rest of med-regio
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Chapter 3 The values of IV-values f
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Chapter 3 Temporary sites are chara
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Chapter 3 but not for MedBasin and
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Chapter 3 Table 9. IndVal results b
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Chapter 3 CALIFORNIA 70.8% MEDBASIN
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Chapter 3 Geological connexions Com
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Chapter 3 In spite of these observe
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Chapter 3 multivoltine life cycles
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Chapter 3 intermittency, flood freq
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Chapter 3 Other convergences and di
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Chapter 3 BALL, I. R. (1975). Natur
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Chapter 3 DE MOOR, F. C. (1992). a.
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Chapter 3 GENTILLI, J. (1989). Clim
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Chapter 3 LOGAN, P. & BROOKER, M. P
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Chapter 3 PRAT, N. 1993. El futuro
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Chapter 3 Minshall, G. W. (eds.). S
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Chapter 3 Annex 1. Presence and abs
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Chapter 3 California MedBasin Chile
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Chapter 3 Plate 1. Characteristics
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Chapter 4 Lake, 1992; Cooper et al.
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Chapter 4 Coastal Ranges SAN FRANCI
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Chapter 4 IndVal method (Dufrêne &
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Chapter 4 the bottom have a similar
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Chapter 4 Figure 4. Bray-Curtis clu
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Chapter 4 because methodologies, sa
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Chapter 4 mediterranean areas in th
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Chapter 4 DELUCCHI, C. M. (1989). M
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Chapter 4 168
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Chapter 5 distribution of organisms
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Chapter 5 & Allan, 1995). The level
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Chapter 5 samples were preserved wi
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Chapter 5 Data analysis Seasonal ch
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Chapter 5 Macroinvertebrates and te
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Chapter 5 As a change in the flow c
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Chapter 5 2 1 0 -1 -2 1 0 -1 -2 Ca
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Chapter 5 number of taxa 45 40 35 3
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Chapter 5 Results from the 4 th Cor
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Chapter 5 flow species”. They dis
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Chapter 5 As Townsend and Hildrew (
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Chapter 5 a mix of riffles/pool/cor
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Chapter 5 Although natural disturba
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Chapter 5 GRAY, L. J.; FISHER, S. G
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Chapter 5 RESH, V. H.; JACKSON, J.
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Chapter 5 Annex 1. Physical structu
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Chapter 5 Annex 3. Biological trait
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Chapter 5 Annex 5. Maximum affinity
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Chapter 6 high number of endemic sp
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Chapter 6 Checklist structure and t
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Chapter 6 This species has been rec
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Chapter 6 DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY
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Chapter 6 11- Rhyacophila pascoei M
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Chapter 6 1984), specially to suspe
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Chapter 6 This species can be found
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Chapter 6 Figure 3. Cephalic head f
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Chapter 6 47- Tinodes maclachlani K
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Chapter 6 64- Drusus rectus (McLach
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Chapter 6 pieces of litter arranged
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Chapter 6 Tordera Basin: ToM6, ToM7
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Chapter 6 Although M. aspersus have
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Chapter 6 Superfamily LEPTOCEROIDEA
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Chapter 6 TRIBU Triaenodini Morse,
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Chapter 6 Schizopelex McLachlan, 18
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Chapter 6 present a European distri
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Chapter 6 REFERENCES BALLETTO, E. &
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Chapter 6 PRAT, N.; PUIG, M. A. & G
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Chapter 6 Annex 1. Sampling sites w
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Chapter 6 MIJARES BASIN TURIA BASIN
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Chapter 6 GUADALQUIVIR BASIN Site c
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Chapter 7 (e.g., Ormerod & Edwards,
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Chapter 7 Figure 1. Basins sampled
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Chapter 7 taken until no more famil
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Chapter 7 Geomorphological variable
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Chapter 7 Seasonal changes in caddi
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Chapter 7 Table 2. Maximum abundanc
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Chapter 7 headwaters at high altitu
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Chapter 7 Table 4. Pearson correlat
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Chapter 7 X 2 axis X 3 axis 3 2 1 0
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Chapter 7 280 WILK'S LAMBDA CONDUCT
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Chapter 7 midstreams with a mix of
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Chapter 7 high significant of each
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Chapter 7 % of total variation % of
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Chapter 7 Geology has been consider
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Chapter 7 Although the large set of
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Chapter 7 AUSTIN, M. P., & GREIG-SM
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Chapter 7 RIERADEVALL, M.; SÁINZ-C
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Chapter 7 POWER, M. E.; STOUT, R. J
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Chapter 7 ZAMORA-MUÑOZ, C.; ALBA-T
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Chapter 7 * Type of the riparian ha
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Chapter 7 Annex 3. Taxa’s codes C
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Chapter 8 & Higler, 1992). Ecologic
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Chapter 8 Spain France Town Mountai
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Chapter 8 depending on their degree
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Chapter 8 Optimum and Tolerances fr
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Chapter 8 abundance over 100 but ca
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Chapter 8 O&T for IBMWP O&T for QBR
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Chapter 8 O&T for SS O&T for SULPHA
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Chapter 8 The two species of Potamo
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS OXYGEN
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS 0 P-PHO
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Chapter 8 DISCUSSION The wide range
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Chapter 8 incorporated, indexes at
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Chapter 8 DOHET, A. (2002). Are cad
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Chapter 8 SUÁR Segura. TER B 1. TO
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Chapter 8 Annex 1. List of caddisfl
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Chapter 8 334
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Chapter 9 about the effect of envir
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Chapter 9 SPAIN FRANCE Pyrenees Med
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Chapter 9 influenced by salinity be
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Chapter 9 depending on the trait. A
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Chapter 9 Similarly to levels of FA
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Chapter 9 mix of individuals with l
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Chapter 9 Macroinvertebrates and Fi
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Chapter 9 MERILÄ, J. & BJORKLUND,
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Chapter 9 Annex 1. Values of mean (
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Conclusions 4. Responses to tempora
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Conclusions 356
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Conclusions 358
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Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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