Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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Brief introduction and objectives The drought effects on the mediterranean river imply a community reorganization of macroinvertebrate communities, as the habitat is highly modified firstly by the lost of riffles and finally by the lost of pools. Despite of these natural perturbations, mediterranean rivers are subjected to numerous human alterations, affecting aquatic communities. In that sense, some authors have been considered that nowhere else in the world aquatic fauna is declining as rapidly than in mediterranean regions because of non-native introductions, high population density, limited availability of water and unsatisfactory management. STRUCTURE AND OBJECTIVES The general objective of this work is to determine patterns and responses of macroinvertebrates in mediterranean rivers at different scales, grouped in regional and local ones (see attached figure). Regional scale is understood here, as the one related to historical factors occurring in large regions, allowing the presence of several taxa but no others. On the other hand, local scale is referred to the one mainly determined by ecological factors allowing the presence of organisms in specific environmental conditions inside a region. As the rivers are organized hierarchically there are several scales included in the local one. From those, we have focused our work in three: basin, reach (differences between headwaters, midstreams and lowland reaches; differences between permanent and temporary reaches) and habitat. Jointly with the study of the macroinvertebrate communities at different spatial scales, temporal scale has been also included in some cases, but less frequently. Moreover, the present work is focused in the study of the macroinvertebrates at different organization levels (community and population) including different taxonomical levels (family and species). For analysis populations and species, Trichoptera has been selected because its relatively poorly known groups in the studied areas, what at the same time will provided faunistic and ecological information outstanding for future studies. 31
Brief introduction and objectives Historical factors Ecological factors SCALES Regional scale Local scale Basin Reach Habitat ORGANIZATION LEVELS Comunity Population Chapter 3 Chapter 7 Chapters 3, 4, 5, 7 Chapters 3, 4, 5 TAXONOMICAL LEVELS Macroinvertebrate Families Trichopteran Species Chapter 9 Chapters 3, 4, 5, 8 Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8 The present study comprises 9 chapters. Each one included an introduction, methodology, results, discussion and references. The chapters can be grouped in three groups: 2 methodological, 3 of macroinvertebrate communities at family level, and 4 of caddisfly communities at family, species and population levels. 32
Page 2: Departament d’Ecologia Facultat d
Page 6: Als rius
Page 10 and 11: Agraïments Ara que miro enrera, me
Page 12: Als companys del GUADALMED per have
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Page 19 and 20: Resum Hi ha cinc regions en el món
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Page 35 and 36: Resum OBJECTIUS Capítol 6 Presenta
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Chapter 2 82
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Chapter 3 whereas summers are hot w
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Chapter 3 When first explorers arri
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Chapter 3 stream in the most humit
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Chapter 3 studies at multiple scale
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Chapter 3 ecoregion; 4 in “Northe
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Chapter 3 Project was to establish
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Chapter 3 condition this method is
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Chapter 3 Table 2. Exclusive and ub
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Chapter 3 Chile and SAustralia have
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Chapter 3 Differences between all s
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Chapter 3 the abundants Caenidae, H
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Chapter 3 Mean of % relative abunda
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Chapter 3 For the rest of med-regio
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Chapter 3 The values of IV-values f
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Chapter 3 Temporary sites are chara
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Chapter 3 but not for MedBasin and
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Chapter 3 Table 9. IndVal results b
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Chapter 3 CALIFORNIA 70.8% MEDBASIN
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Chapter 3 Geological connexions Com
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Chapter 3 In spite of these observe
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Chapter 3 multivoltine life cycles
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Chapter 3 intermittency, flood freq
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Chapter 3 Other convergences and di
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Chapter 3 BALL, I. R. (1975). Natur
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Chapter 3 DE MOOR, F. C. (1992). a.
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Chapter 3 GENTILLI, J. (1989). Clim
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Chapter 3 LOGAN, P. & BROOKER, M. P
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Chapter 3 PRAT, N. 1993. El futuro
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Chapter 3 Minshall, G. W. (eds.). S
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Chapter 3 Annex 1. Presence and abs
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Chapter 3 California MedBasin Chile
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Chapter 3 Plate 1. Characteristics
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Chapter 4 Lake, 1992; Cooper et al.
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Chapter 4 Coastal Ranges SAN FRANCI
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Chapter 4 IndVal method (Dufrêne &
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Chapter 4 the bottom have a similar
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Chapter 4 Figure 4. Bray-Curtis clu
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Chapter 4 because methodologies, sa
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Chapter 4 mediterranean areas in th
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Chapter 4 DELUCCHI, C. M. (1989). M
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Chapter 4 168
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Chapter 5 distribution of organisms
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Chapter 5 & Allan, 1995). The level
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Chapter 5 samples were preserved wi
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Chapter 5 Data analysis Seasonal ch
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Chapter 5 Macroinvertebrates and te
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Chapter 5 As a change in the flow c
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Chapter 5 2 1 0 -1 -2 1 0 -1 -2 Ca
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Chapter 5 number of taxa 45 40 35 3
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Chapter 5 Results from the 4 th Cor
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Chapter 5 flow species”. They dis
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Chapter 5 As Townsend and Hildrew (
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Chapter 5 a mix of riffles/pool/cor
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Chapter 5 Although natural disturba
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Chapter 5 GRAY, L. J.; FISHER, S. G
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Chapter 5 RESH, V. H.; JACKSON, J.
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Chapter 5 Annex 1. Physical structu
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Chapter 5 Annex 3. Biological trait
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Chapter 5 Annex 5. Maximum affinity
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Chapter 6 high number of endemic sp
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Chapter 6 Checklist structure and t
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Chapter 6 This species has been rec
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Chapter 6 DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY
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Chapter 6 11- Rhyacophila pascoei M
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Chapter 6 1984), specially to suspe
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Chapter 6 This species can be found
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Chapter 6 Figure 3. Cephalic head f
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Chapter 6 47- Tinodes maclachlani K
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Chapter 6 64- Drusus rectus (McLach
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Chapter 6 pieces of litter arranged
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Chapter 6 Tordera Basin: ToM6, ToM7
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Chapter 6 Although M. aspersus have
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Chapter 6 Superfamily LEPTOCEROIDEA
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Chapter 6 TRIBU Triaenodini Morse,
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Chapter 6 Schizopelex McLachlan, 18
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Chapter 6 present a European distri
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Chapter 6 REFERENCES BALLETTO, E. &
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Chapter 6 PRAT, N.; PUIG, M. A. & G
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Chapter 6 Annex 1. Sampling sites w
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Chapter 6 MIJARES BASIN TURIA BASIN
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Chapter 6 GUADALQUIVIR BASIN Site c
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Chapter 7 (e.g., Ormerod & Edwards,
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Chapter 7 Figure 1. Basins sampled
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Chapter 7 taken until no more famil
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Chapter 7 Geomorphological variable
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Chapter 7 Seasonal changes in caddi
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Chapter 7 Table 2. Maximum abundanc
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Chapter 7 headwaters at high altitu
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Chapter 7 Table 4. Pearson correlat
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Chapter 7 X 2 axis X 3 axis 3 2 1 0
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Chapter 7 280 WILK'S LAMBDA CONDUCT
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Chapter 7 midstreams with a mix of
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Chapter 7 high significant of each
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Chapter 7 % of total variation % of
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Chapter 7 Geology has been consider
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Chapter 7 Although the large set of
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Chapter 7 AUSTIN, M. P., & GREIG-SM
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Chapter 7 RIERADEVALL, M.; SÁINZ-C
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Chapter 7 POWER, M. E.; STOUT, R. J
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Chapter 7 ZAMORA-MUÑOZ, C.; ALBA-T
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Chapter 7 * Type of the riparian ha
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Chapter 7 Annex 3. Taxa’s codes C
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Chapter 8 & Higler, 1992). Ecologic
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Chapter 8 Spain France Town Mountai
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Chapter 8 depending on their degree
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Chapter 8 Optimum and Tolerances fr
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Chapter 8 abundance over 100 but ca
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Chapter 8 O&T for IBMWP O&T for QBR
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Chapter 8 O&T for SS O&T for SULPHA
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Chapter 8 The two species of Potamo
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS OXYGEN
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS 0 P-PHO
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Chapter 8 DISCUSSION The wide range
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Chapter 8 incorporated, indexes at
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Chapter 8 DOHET, A. (2002). Are cad
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Chapter 8 SUÁR Segura. TER B 1. TO
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Chapter 8 Annex 1. List of caddisfl
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Chapter 8 334
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Chapter 9 about the effect of envir
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Chapter 9 SPAIN FRANCE Pyrenees Med
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Chapter 9 influenced by salinity be
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Chapter 9 depending on the trait. A
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Chapter 9 Similarly to levels of FA
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Chapter 9 mix of individuals with l
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Chapter 9 Macroinvertebrates and Fi
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Chapter 9 MERILÄ, J. & BJORKLUND,
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Chapter 9 Annex 1. Values of mean (
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Conclusions 4. Responses to tempora
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Conclusions 356
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Conclusions 358
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Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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