Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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Sampling protocol that attempts to assess the ecological status of the Mediterranean rivers and to establish the main factors implied on them. Six research teams belonging to different institutions in the country are implied: University of Barcelona, University of Vigo, University of Illes Balears, University of Murcia, University of Almeria, University of Granada and CEDEX. The main objective of the first stage of the GUADALMED Project was to establish, test and intercalibrate a standardized sampling Rapid Bioassessment Protocol to be adopted by the administration managers when the WFD is applied. The validation of the protocol is done under GUADALMED project for all the main watersheds draining into the Mediterranean sea in the Spanish coast (12 basins, 157 sites). In this paper we present data on the intercalibration exercise using macroinvertebrates. The selection of a protocol to be used is based on the experience of the researchers of the project in the Iberian mediterranean rivers. Thus, for the biological quality establishment, two methodologies have been tested: IBMWP (Alba-Tercedor & Sánchez-Ortega, 1988; Alba- Tercedor, 1996; Alba-Tecedor & Pujante, 2000) and FBILL (Prat et al., 1999); these two indices were chosen because they have been largely used in the area and proved to be sensitive to water quality. To evaluate the riparian vegetation status, the index QBR is used (Munné et al., 1998; Suárez-Alonso & Vidal-Abarca, 2000; Munné et al., in press). METHODOLOGY Study area To select and intercalibrate the sampling and sorting methodology to be used in the project, we chosed a sampling site in the headwaters of the Argos stream (Barranda, Murcia), tributary of the Segura river (Figure 1). Argos stream is an intermittent stream with 48 km length, a slope of 18,6% and a drainage basin of 506 km 2. In the selected sampling site, the stream order is 4 and the altitude is 780 m. It’s a site with low eutrophication, with hyposaline, alkaline waters, well oxygenated and hard and neutral waters (Table 1, from Vidal-Abarca, 1985). The channel substrate is mostly made by gravel, although sand, cobbles and bedrock can be found. Algae are abundant and dominated by Oscillatoriales, Nostocales, Cladopho- rales, Charales and Zygnematales (Aboal, 1988, 1989). The sampling was carried out in February 1999, which usually is close to the end of the wet season in this Mediterranean climate area. 37
<strong>Chapter</strong> 1 Figure 1. Segura basin and sampling site in the Argos river. Table 1. Physical and chemical parameters of Argos riverin the sampling area (from Vidal-Abarca, 1985). Mean values Mean values (Vidal-Abarca, 1985) (Vidal-Abarca, 1985) pH 8.6 Magnesium (mg/l) 70.3 Salinity (g/l) 0.52 Suspended Solids(mg/l) 46.5 Conductivity (µS/cm) 1203 Nitrates (µg/l) 50.7 Alkalinity (meq/l) 6.9 Nitrites (µg/l) 1.4 Chloride (mg/l) 100.1 Amonium (µg/l) 4.7 O2 (mg/l) 11.1 Phosphates (µg/l) 2.2 Hardness (ºF) 41.6 Silicates (µg/l) 161.8 Calcium (mg/l) 50.6 Chl-a (mg/l) 7.5 38
Page 2: Departament d’Ecologia Facultat d
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Chapter 3 stream in the most humit
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Chapter 3 studies at multiple scale
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Chapter 3 ecoregion; 4 in “Northe
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Chapter 3 Project was to establish
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Chapter 3 condition this method is
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Chapter 3 Table 2. Exclusive and ub
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Chapter 3 Chile and SAustralia have
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Chapter 3 Differences between all s
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Chapter 3 the abundants Caenidae, H
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Chapter 3 Mean of % relative abunda
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Chapter 3 For the rest of med-regio
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Chapter 3 The values of IV-values f
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Chapter 3 Temporary sites are chara
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Chapter 3 but not for MedBasin and
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Chapter 3 Table 9. IndVal results b
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Chapter 3 CALIFORNIA 70.8% MEDBASIN
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Chapter 3 Geological connexions Com
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Chapter 3 In spite of these observe
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Chapter 3 multivoltine life cycles
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Chapter 3 intermittency, flood freq
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Chapter 3 Other convergences and di
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Chapter 3 BALL, I. R. (1975). Natur
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Chapter 3 DE MOOR, F. C. (1992). a.
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Chapter 3 GENTILLI, J. (1989). Clim
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Chapter 3 LOGAN, P. & BROOKER, M. P
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Chapter 3 PRAT, N. 1993. El futuro
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Chapter 3 Minshall, G. W. (eds.). S
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Chapter 3 Annex 1. Presence and abs
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Chapter 3 California MedBasin Chile
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Chapter 3 Plate 1. Characteristics
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Chapter 4 Lake, 1992; Cooper et al.
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Chapter 4 Coastal Ranges SAN FRANCI
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Chapter 4 IndVal method (Dufrêne &
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Chapter 4 the bottom have a similar
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Chapter 4 Figure 4. Bray-Curtis clu
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Chapter 4 because methodologies, sa
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Chapter 4 mediterranean areas in th
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Chapter 4 DELUCCHI, C. M. (1989). M
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Chapter 4 168
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Chapter 5 distribution of organisms
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Chapter 5 & Allan, 1995). The level
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Chapter 5 samples were preserved wi
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Chapter 5 Data analysis Seasonal ch
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Chapter 5 Macroinvertebrates and te
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Chapter 5 As a change in the flow c
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Chapter 5 2 1 0 -1 -2 1 0 -1 -2 Ca
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Chapter 5 number of taxa 45 40 35 3
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Chapter 5 Results from the 4 th Cor
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Chapter 5 flow species”. They dis
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Chapter 5 As Townsend and Hildrew (
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Chapter 5 a mix of riffles/pool/cor
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Chapter 5 Although natural disturba
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Chapter 5 GRAY, L. J.; FISHER, S. G
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Chapter 5 RESH, V. H.; JACKSON, J.
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Chapter 5 Annex 1. Physical structu
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Chapter 5 Annex 3. Biological trait
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Chapter 5 Annex 5. Maximum affinity
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Chapter 6 high number of endemic sp
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Chapter 6 Checklist structure and t
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Chapter 6 This species has been rec
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Chapter 6 DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY
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Chapter 6 11- Rhyacophila pascoei M
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Chapter 6 1984), specially to suspe
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Chapter 6 This species can be found
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Chapter 6 Figure 3. Cephalic head f
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Chapter 6 47- Tinodes maclachlani K
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Chapter 6 64- Drusus rectus (McLach
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Chapter 6 pieces of litter arranged
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Chapter 6 Tordera Basin: ToM6, ToM7
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Chapter 6 Although M. aspersus have
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Chapter 6 Superfamily LEPTOCEROIDEA
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Chapter 6 TRIBU Triaenodini Morse,
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Chapter 6 Schizopelex McLachlan, 18
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Chapter 6 present a European distri
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Chapter 6 REFERENCES BALLETTO, E. &
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Chapter 6 PRAT, N.; PUIG, M. A. & G
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Chapter 6 Annex 1. Sampling sites w
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Chapter 6 MIJARES BASIN TURIA BASIN
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Chapter 6 GUADALQUIVIR BASIN Site c
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Chapter 7 (e.g., Ormerod & Edwards,
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Chapter 7 Figure 1. Basins sampled
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Chapter 7 taken until no more famil
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Chapter 7 Geomorphological variable
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Chapter 7 Seasonal changes in caddi
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Chapter 7 Table 2. Maximum abundanc
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Chapter 7 headwaters at high altitu
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Chapter 7 Table 4. Pearson correlat
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Chapter 7 X 2 axis X 3 axis 3 2 1 0
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Chapter 7 280 WILK'S LAMBDA CONDUCT
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Chapter 7 midstreams with a mix of
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Chapter 7 high significant of each
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Chapter 7 % of total variation % of
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Chapter 7 Geology has been consider
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Chapter 7 Although the large set of
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Chapter 7 AUSTIN, M. P., & GREIG-SM
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Chapter 7 RIERADEVALL, M.; SÁINZ-C
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Chapter 7 POWER, M. E.; STOUT, R. J
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Chapter 7 ZAMORA-MUÑOZ, C.; ALBA-T
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Chapter 7 * Type of the riparian ha
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Chapter 7 Annex 3. Taxa’s codes C
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Chapter 8 & Higler, 1992). Ecologic
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Chapter 8 Spain France Town Mountai
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Chapter 8 depending on their degree
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Chapter 8 Optimum and Tolerances fr
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Chapter 8 abundance over 100 but ca
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Chapter 8 O&T for IBMWP O&T for QBR
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Chapter 8 O&T for SS O&T for SULPHA
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Chapter 8 The two species of Potamo
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS OXYGEN
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Chapter 8 OXYGEN 1 0 SOLIDS 0 P-PHO
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Chapter 8 DISCUSSION The wide range
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Chapter 8 incorporated, indexes at
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Chapter 8 DOHET, A. (2002). Are cad
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Chapter 8 SUÁR Segura. TER B 1. TO
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Chapter 8 Annex 1. List of caddisfl
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Chapter 8 334
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Chapter 9 about the effect of envir
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Chapter 9 SPAIN FRANCE Pyrenees Med
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Chapter 9 influenced by salinity be
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Chapter 9 depending on the trait. A
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Chapter 9 Similarly to levels of FA
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Chapter 9 mix of individuals with l
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Chapter 9 Macroinvertebrates and Fi
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Chapter 9 MERILÄ, J. & BJORKLUND,
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Chapter 9 Annex 1. Values of mean (
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Conclusions 4. Responses to tempora
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Conclusions 356
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Conclusions 358
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Chapter 1 - Núria BONADA

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