The Historiographical Development of the Concept “mfecane” and ...

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Duminy, A.H. and Guest, B. (eds), Natal and Zululand from Earliest Times to 1910: A New History (Pietermaritzburg, 1989). Du Plessis, A.J. Die Republieck Natalia, in Archives Year Book for South African History Series (Pretoria, 1942), I. Du Plessis, J. A History of Christian Mission in South Africa (London, 1911). Durant, W. The Story of Philosophy ([originally New York, 1926], 2nd. edition, New York, 1954). Edgecombe, D.R. 'The Mfecane or Difaqane,’ in Cameron T. and Spies, S.B. (eds), An Illustrated History of South Africa (Johannesburg, 1986). Edgecombe, D.R., Laband, J.P.C. and Thompson, P.S. (eds), The Debate on Zulu Origins (Pietermaritzburg, 1992). Elbourne, E. 'Whose Gospel? Conflict in the LMS in the Early 1840's', in de Gruchy, J. (ed), The London Missionary Society in Southern Africa (Cape Town, 1999), 132-55. Eldredge, E.A. A South African Kingdom (Cambridge, 1993). Eldredge, E.A. 'Delagoa Bay and the Hinterland in the Early 19th Century: Politics, Trade, Slaves and Slave-Rading', in Eldredge, E.A. and Morton, F. (eds), Slavery in South Africa: Captive Labour on the Dutch Frontier (Pietermaritzburg, 1994) 127-65. Eldredge, E.A. 'Slaving Across the Cape Frontier', in Eldredge, E.A. and Morton, F. (eds), Slavery in South Africa: Captive Labour on the Dutch Frontier (Pietermaritzburg, 1994), 93-126. 275
Eldredge, E.A. 'Sources of Conflict in Southern Africa c.1800-1830: The Mfecane Reconsidered', in Hamilton, C. (ed), The Mfecane Aftermath (Johannesburg and Pietermaritzburg, 1995), 123-61. Eldredge, E.A and Morton, F. (eds), Slavery in South Africa: Captive Labour and the Dutch Frontier (Pietermaritzburg, 1994). Ellenberger, D.F. Almanaka ea Basotho (Morija, 1904). Ellenberger, D.F. History of the Basuto: Ancient and Modern (London, 1912). Ellenberger, D.F. Histori ea Basotho - Karolo ea Pele (Morija, 1917). Ellenberger, D.F. Histori ea Basotho (Morija, 1928). Ellenberger, V. A Century of Mission Work in Basutoland, 1833-1933 (Morija,1938). Eloff, C.C. Oos Vrystaatse Grensgordel, HSRC-Streekshistoriese Monographie Reeks 14/1 (Pretoria, 1980). Elphick, R. and Giliomee, H. 'The Origins and Entrenchment of European Dominance at the Cape, 1652-1840', in Elphick, R. and Giliomee, H. (eds), The Shaping of South African Society (2nd. edition, Cape Town, 1989), 544-61. Elphick, R. and Malherbe, V.C. 'The Khoisan to 1828', in Elphick, R. and Giliomee, H. (eds), The Shaping of South African Society, 1652-1840 (2nd. edition, Cape Town, 1989), 32-53. Emery, F. Marching Over Africa: Letters from Victorian Soldiers (London, 1986). Ente, W.K. Natal en Niewe Gelderland (Arnhem, 1861). 276
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The Historiographical Development o
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General Histories 172 Chapter 6: Co
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his expulsion of several chiefdoms;
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The Graphics Services Unit, S. Abra
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The Library of the Rand Afrikaans U
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List of Maps Map 1 - Geographical R
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Chapter 1 Introduction Then you wil
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century was caused by the “mfecan
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produce a tradition, or what Michel
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which were to dominate Western thou
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was the "baggage" in the European w
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leader runs the risk of writing wit
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waged by nomadic tribes accompanied
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exaggerate in their talk, and we fe
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incorporated the remaining people i
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history’. 63 Consequently, libera
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Bantu settled in various blocks in
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‘From the 1970s it was the radica
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While Cobbing and the historians in
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illustrates, in part, the weddednes
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Map 2 - mfecane in the 1823 to 1838
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during this period, as it took the
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concepts of a theoretical equality
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tortuous, but information regarding
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However, this contradiction was not
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were murky and secretive, but were
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first assault out onto the highveld
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Map 3 - Thompson’s Map, 1827 This
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major implications for the later de
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Association”, for the British ann
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also applied to refugees from north
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Godlonton had come to the eastern C
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and the gallant settlers from their
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ecently abandoned mission station a
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travelled to Britain where he becam
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Make them [Zulu] out as blood thirs
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hand, to gather geographical, biolo
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despondency bordering on despair, o
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state at their various locations on
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cruel monster’ 127 along with oth
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depopulating all areas within their
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The writing of African history in t
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Map 5 - Harris’s Map, 1839 Harris
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Arbousset began the convention of g
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prove to their pro-mission readers,
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were the depopulators of the highve
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people became cannibals, first by n
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exercise, and the commission’s re
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him to reorganise the Mthethwa mili
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eastern Free State. There they were
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these authors followed their consci
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The second author, Shaw, had introd
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D’Urban’s, Godlonton’s and Ay
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of eight chiefdoms which, fleeing f
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Zulu” and the Natal African chief
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which there was a preponderance of
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state. Authors who focused only on
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The concept ”imperial”, as in t
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Cape Colony back to Britain in 1884
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supposed mythological roots of race
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Late Victorian Authors Numerous boo
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treatment of the Fynn papers, a sel
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Aboriginal?, 33 had already betraye
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Articles on African history publish
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European editors. Thus, these texts
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State. 53 The aim of this article w
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Europeans as well as Dutch and Engl
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Babrow’s acknowledgment of Theal
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defeat and desperate escape from Zu
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approach to history in general and
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his use of some archival documents,
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initial shock of this assault fled
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etween fiction and fact. 98 An exam
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mfecane narrative. He regarded Shak
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The most important changes in the h
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Chapter 5 The South African Period:
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economically stable until the onset
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latest British methodology of a-his
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Natal and Zululand During this peri
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Both were imbued with Theal’s rac
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of Moshoeshoe and served to uphold
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fortress attracting many chiefdoms.
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[Moshoeshoe] consisted of the intro
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Macgregor was more the editor than
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doubtful whether at any time in the
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English Methodist minister who, whi
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the material differently or have em
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the War Office put it, by the boers
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Winter, he joined the Pioneer Colum
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impinged on the history of the Cape
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Walker’s contribution to the mfec
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Afrikaner history. The few European
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Ellenberger resuscitated Arbousset
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Chapter 6 Conclusion If the white m
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Hodgson, Broadbent, Thompson, Shaw,
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than Shaka. The only surprising exc
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year after slavery was finally abol
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from Natal directly, like the Qwabe
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and were also present at the battle
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Godlonton and Arbousset. 42 These w
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including their livestock and somet
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century under review there were wri
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Shepstone’s four-wave theory, 66
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discourse, which was never able to
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Interior - 1829: Shepstone to Col.
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A378 (D) G.E. Cory, A Short History
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1.6 Killie Campbell Library, Durban
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Frost, P.J. A Bibliography of Missi
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Seligman, R.A. and Johnson, A. (eds
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3.3 Orange Freestate (Republic) ‘
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Précis of Information Concerning S
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Bank, A. 'The Great Debate and the
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Eldredge, E.A. ‘Sources of Confli
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Maloka, E.T. 'Missionary Historiogr
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Stapleton, T.J. 'Oral Evidence in a
Page 235 and 236: Wylie, D. 'A.T. Bryant's Inexplicab
Page 237 and 238: 'Instructions Addressed to the Dire
Page 239 and 240: 'The Orange Freestate Forty Years A
Page 241 and 242: Atmore, A. and Marks, S. 'The Imper
Page 243 and 244: Brill, J. 'Een Gedenkskrift over de
Page 245 and 246: Cobbing, J. 'A Tainted Well: The Ob
Page 247 and 248: Ellenberger, D.F. 'History of the B
Page 249 and 250: Hamilton, C. 'An Appetite for the P
Page 251 and 252: Hyam, R. 'African Interests and the
Page 253 and 254: Kennedy, R.F. 'Historical Accuracy'
Page 255 and 256: Lewis, L. ‘Book Review of: An Acc
Page 257 and 258: Milne, J. 'Major Warden: Early Life
Page 259 and 260: Okoye, F.N.C. 'Tschaka and the Brit
Page 261 and 262: Reyburn, H.A. 'Piet Retief to Dunca
Page 263 and 264: Scully, W.C. 'Fragments of Native H
Page 265 and 266: Thompson, J.N. 'William Rowland Tho
Page 267 and 268: Vivian, 'Expedition Into Central Af
Page 269 and 270: Wylie, D. 'Proprietor of Natal: Hen
Page 271 and 272: Evangelical Missionary Society, on
Page 273 and 274: Beloff, M. Britain's liberal empire
Page 275 and 276: Bourne, H.R.F. Blacks and Whites in
Page 277 and 278: Bryant, A.T. Olden Times in Zululan
Page 279 and 280: Carlyle, J.E. South Africa and its
Page 281 and 282: Churchill, W.S. The River War ([ori
Page 283 and 284: Cory, G.E. The Rise of South Africa
Page 285: Dieterlen, H. Adolphe Mabille [1836
Page 289 and 290: Fraser, A. Boadicea's Chariot: The
Page 291 and 292: Gledhill, E. and J. In the Steps of
Page 293 and 294: Haggard, H.R. Cetshwayo and His Whi
Page 295 and 296: Henige, D.P. Oral Historiography (L
Page 297 and 298: Ireland, W. Historical Sketch of th
Page 299 and 300: Kiernan, V.G. The Lords of Human Ki
Page 301 and 302: Lehmann, E. and Reckwitz, E. 'The D
Page 303 and 304: Lucas, L. 'Historical Geography of
Page 305 and 306: Malan, J.H. Die Opkomst van 'n Repu
Page 307 and 308: Moffat, R. A Life's Labours in Sout
Page 309 and 310: Murray, H., Prof. Jameson and Wilso
Page 311 and 312: Orpen, J.M. Some Principles of Nati
Page 313 and 314: Plaatje, S.T. Mhudi: An Epic of Sou
Page 315 and 316: Reynolds, E. Stand the Storm: A His
Page 317 and 318: Saunders, C.C. The Making of the So
Page 319 and 320: Smith, K.W. From Frontier to Midlan
Page 321 and 322: Tatlow, A.H. Natal Province: Descri
Page 323 and 324: Thompson, G. Travels and Adventures
Page 325 and 326: Vail, L. ‘Ethnicity in Southern A
Page 327 and 328: Visagie, J.C. Die Trek uit Oos-Riet
Page 329 and 330: Webb, C. de B. The Mfecane, Centre
Page 331: Wright, J. 'Political Transformatio
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