Practice Makes Perfect Spanish Verb Tenses, Second ... - Ktooba.com

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The present progressive ·12· Th e use of the present progressive is easy to spot in English. Th e time is in the present, and “-ing” is attached to the verb, for example, “I am studying (now).” Th e addition of “-ing” to a verb indicates that the action is in progress. It is important to note that the present progressive is used less frequently in Spanish than in English. In English, we use the present progressive very broadly, oft en to describe what is going on in our lives in general: “I am living in New York,” “I am working in a bank,” “I am studying Spanish.” In Spanish, however, the use of the present progressive is more restricted. It is used primarily to indicate what a person is doing right now. In other words, in Spanish, use the present progressive to describe what you are doing or what is happening at the time you report it. Th e rest of the time you use the simple present tense: “I live in New York,” “I work in a bank,” “I study Spanish.” Formation of the present progressive As in English, there are two parts to the present progressive: the auxiliary “to be” and the present participle, which is the base verb with “-ing” attached. In Spanish, the auxiliary is estar: estoy, estás, está, estamos, estáis, están. Th e conjugated estar is then followed by the present participle. Regularly formed present participles Nearly all present participles are formed regularly. To form these, do the following. -ar VERBS Drop the -ar and add -ando (hablando, estudiando, trabajando, pensando). -er VERBS Drop the -er and add -iendo (comiendo, bebiendo, vendiendo, poniendo). -ir VERBS Drop the -ir and add -iendo (abriendo, sufriendo, escribiendo, viviendo). Note that -er verbs and -ir verbs share the same present participle ending. Estoy hablando. I am speaking. Estamos estudiando. We are studying. Estás comiendo. You are eating. Estáis bebiendo leche. You all are drinking milk. Él está abriendo la puerta. He is opening the door. Ellos están escribiendo una carta. Th ey are writing a letter. 99
For most verbs, the verb stem does not change: hablar/hablando, comer/comiendo, abrir/ abriendo. However, with stem-changing -ir verbs, the present participle shows a stem change as well, for example, mentir/mintiendo, dormir/durmiendo, pedir/pidiendo. EJERCICIO 1. Estoy trabajando. 100 practice makes perfect Spanish Verb Tenses In the course of an average day, which of the following things might you say you are doing? Put an X by those things. 2. Estoy estudiando español. 3. Estoy practicando el piano. 4. Estoy vendiendo ropa. 5. Estoy escribiendo una carta. 6. Estoy pensando en mi familia. 7. Estoy comprando comida. 8. Estoy cocinando. 9. Estoy contando el dinero. 10. Estoy confesando un crimen. 11. Estoy moviendo los muebles (furniture) en la casa. 12. Estoy resolviendo mis problemas. 13. Estoy lavando los platos. 14. Estoy conduciendo el coche. 15. No estoy haciendo nada. EJERCICIO 12·1 Traducción 1. I am buying a gift for Juan. 2. You are watching the television. 3. He is playing the piano.
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PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT Spanish Verb
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To Martin, Daisy, and Lily
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Acknowledgments ix Introduction xi
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16 The conditional tense 171 Regula
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Acknowledgments It is an enormous h
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Introduction More than any other as
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THE PRESENT TENSE TENSE Present TIM
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The basics of verbs Conjugation of
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Regular -ar verbs Regular -ar endin
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32. She listens. 33. They [f.] list
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Regular -er verbs To conjugate regu
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EJERCICIO 1·4 Traducción VOCABULA
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EJERCICIO ¿Cuál es verdadero o fa
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¿Por qué? Why? ¿Cómo? How? Acce
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EJERCICIO 1·10 Traducción VOCABUL
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Ser and estar ·2· Of all the verb
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Possession What’s yours is yours
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EJERCICIO 2·1 1. I am from the Uni
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Using estar Location Mood To give t
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EJERCICIO 2·3 Traducción Each of
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EJERCICIO 2·5 Complete each senten
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Hay Th e word hay is truly a hardwo
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EJERCICIO Describe your house or ap
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Tener Th e verb tener (“to have
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Age In English, we use the verb “
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7. Es julio y tú estás en Puerto
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Hi. I work at McDonald’s. I have
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The personal a ·5· Th e personal
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7. Whom do you love? 8. Do you see
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Common irregular verbs ·6· Below
Page 62 and 63: 8. Usualmente, ¿adónde vas despu
Page 64 and 65: Playing games—jugar Th e verb jug
Page 66 and 67: 7. What are you going to do? 8. Are
Page 68 and 69: EJERCICIO 6·8 Traducción VOCABULA
Page 70 and 71: Th e verbs saber and conocer both m
Page 72 and 73: 7. Do you all know that there are s
Page 74 and 75: EJERCICIO 7·5 Tú conoces a María
Page 76 and 77: 5. The manicurist knows her clients
Page 78 and 79: In Chapter 1, we discussed the two
Page 80 and 81: 5. You all beg. 6. They [m.] count
Page 82 and 83: e > i 3. He washes the dishes. 4. W
Page 84 and 85: EJERCICIO 8·3 1. I compete. Traduc
Page 86 and 87: Irregular verb groups Many verbs ar
Page 88 and 89: EJERCICIO 9·2 Traducción VOCABULA
Page 90 and 91: Infi nitives ending with -cer or -c
Page 92 and 93: VOCABULARIO coger to catch, seize,
Page 94 and 95: EJERCICIO 9·9 Complete each senten
Page 96 and 97: EJERCICIO 9·12 Traducción VOCABUL
Page 98 and 99: EJERCICIO 9·14 Traducción VOCABUL
Page 100 and 101: Refl exive verbs A verb is refl exi
Page 102 and 103: EJERCICIO ¿Cuál es verdadero o fa
Page 104 and 105: EJERCICIO Describe your morning and
Page 106 and 107: Verbs like gustar ·11· Th ere are
Page 108 and 109: EJERCICIO 11·1 Traducción 1. Trut
Page 110 and 111: 10. A la Bella Durmiente le falta u
Page 114 and 115: 4. We are eating pizza and drinking
Page 116 and 117: 8. What are you reading? 9. Who is
Page 118 and 119: EJERCICIO 12·4 Traducción 1. I am
Page 120 and 121: ·II· THE PAST TENSES, THE FUTURE
Page 122 and 123: The preterite tense TENSE Preterite
Page 124 and 125: Below is the full conjugation of ab
Page 126 and 127: 6. ¿Tomaste café ayer por la mañ
Page 128 and 129: z > c autorizar to authorize yo aut
Page 130 and 131: Irregular verbs in the preterite Th
Page 132 and 133: 9. What did you do last night? 10.
Page 134 and 135: EJERCICIO 13·8 ir Yo fui a México
Page 136 and 137: 5. We said that we didn’t eat the
Page 138 and 139: I went to Puerto Rico last January.
Page 140 and 141: 6. At that moment, she preferred no
Page 142 and 143: 8. They [m.] contributed one hundre
Page 144 and 145: 3. Bollywood produjo muchas pelícu
Page 146 and 147: 7. Una amiga mía tuvo un bebé est
Page 148 and 149: The imperfect tense TENSE Imperfect
Page 150 and 151: When to use the imperfect Habitual
Page 152 and 153: EJERCICIO 14·2 ¿Qué era? Complet
Page 154 and 155: When I was younger, I liked school
Page 156 and 157: Below are several common verbs that
Page 158 and 159: Yesterday, when I was walking to sc
Page 160 and 161: Key words and phrases Certain words
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EJERCICIO 14·11 Complete each sent
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EJERCICIO 14·13 ¡Te toca a ti! Re
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EJERCICIO 14·15 Traducción VOCABU
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The progressive in the past Th ere
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This afternoon I saw the best episo
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TENSE Future TIME Refers to a futur
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EJERCICIO 15·1 Complete each sente
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11. ¿A qué hora te levantarás ma
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Below are several common compounds
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Habrá—hay in the future Th e thi
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12. These hammers (el martillo) wil
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The conditional tense TENSE Conditi
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EJERCICIO 16·1 Traducción 1. I wo
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Below are several common compounds
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12. I wouldn’t tell him, because
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The present perfect tense ·17· TE
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4. He comprado una camisa. 5. He al
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EJERCICIO ¿Qué has hecho esta sem
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The past perfect tense ·18· TENSE
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8. Antes de mi trabajo actual (pres
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EJERCICIO 18·2 Traducción 1. I ha
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The past perfect tense 193
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·III· THE IMPERATIVE, THE SUBJUNC
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MOOD Imperative TIME Refers to the
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◆ z c EJERCICIO 19·2 1. Don’t
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When two object pronouns are involv
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note When the yo form ends in -oy,
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12. Don’t go away angry [f.]! 13.
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nosotros commands Both affi rmative
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EJERCICIO 19·12 1. Let’s know ev
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The present subjunctive ·20· MOOD
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hacer hago querer quiero salir salg
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3. Espero que el próximo president
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Ignorance Verbs in the main clause
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Emotional statement or comment Emot
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EJERCICIO 20·6 Traducción 1. It
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Below are several common connecting
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Vague or indefi nite antecedent Whe
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“perhaps” and “maybe” Claus
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EJERCICIO 20·14 Traducción 1. Eve
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EJERCICIO 20·16 Traducción The fo
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The imperfect subjunctive ·21· MO
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EJERCICIO 21·1 Traducción 1. I wa
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13. It’s a miracle that the airli
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EJERCICIO 21·4 Traducción 1. He s
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EJERCICIO 21·5 Traducción 1. I wo
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EJERCICIO 21·6 Traducción 1. I wi
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The future perfect tense ·22· TEN
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14. If you lose this election, you
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I can’t believe it! By the end of
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TENSE Conditional perfect TIME Refe
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11. If she weren’t so selfi sh (e
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The present perfect subjunctive MOO
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10. It may be that they [m.] have n
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The pluperfect subjunctive MOOD Plu
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10. I never believed that she had b
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querer (“to wish”) in the main
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VOICE Passive The passive voice ·2
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EJERCICIO 26·2 Complete each sente
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The incomplete passive voice in oth
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13. They’ll close the doors at el
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14. I hope that this mess (el lío)
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Preterite conjugations Regular verb
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tener tendría tendrías tendría t
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a Appendix B Verbs that take a prep
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con de aburrirse con (n.) to be/get
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para por molestarse en (v.) to take
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I THE PRESENT TENSE Answer key Free
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2-6 Cuando estoy de mal humor limpi
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7-7 1. El médico conoce bien el cu
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12 The present progressive 12-1 1.
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13-16 H. L. Mencken fue un gran esc
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14-17 1. Yo estaba comiendo. 2. Est
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17-3 1. He tenido el dinero por má
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20-3 1. Dudo que ella coma en ese r
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21-2 1. Ellas no creen que yo hicie
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24-2 1. No contrataré a nadie que
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Spanish-English glossary note Nouns
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calle ( f.) street calor (m.) heat,
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despertador (m.) alarm clock desper
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grave serious gravedad ( f.) gravit
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monstruo (m.) monster montar ride;
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q que that; than ¿qué? what? qued
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tostar (o ue) to toast trabajar to
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English-Spanish glossary note Nouns
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c cabinet alacena ( f.), armario (m
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duck pato (m.) duke duque (m.) duri
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hand mano ( f.) (on the other) hand
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meet conocer; encontrarse (o ue);
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purchase comprar purse bolsa ( f.)
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stay estancia ( f.) stay quedarse s
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wind viento (m.) wind dar cuerda a;
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Practice Makes Perfect Spanish Verb Tenses, Second ... - Ktooba.com

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