Practice Makes Perfect Spanish Verb Tenses, Second ... - Ktooba.com

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4. He comprado una camisa. 5. He almorzado. 6. Me he duchado. 7. He contado mi dinero. 8. He recibido un regalo. 9. He cometido un error. 10. He escuchado la radio. 11. Me he lavado el pelo. 12. He lavado el coche. EJERCICIO 17·1 1. I have worked. 2. You have listened. Traducción 3. She has drunk the milk. 4. We have understood. 5. They [m.] have received a present. 6. We have sold the house. 7. Have you watched television today? 8. Where have they lived? 9. I have showered. 10. He has been with me. 11. You [formal] have learned a lot. 12. Have you brushed your teeth? 13. He has called me six times. 14. I’ve run three miles. 15. She hasn’t washed her hair. The present perfect tense 181
Irregular past participles All conjugations in the present perfect tense begin with haber conjugated in the present tense, followed by a past participle. Most past participles are regular. However, there are several irregular past participles, and they fall into two distinct groups. One group of irregular past participles follows a pattern, which makes them easier to learn. Most -er and -ir verbs with a vowel (other than u) immediately preceding the infi nitive ending have past participles that end with -ído (note the accent over the i of the ending). Verbs ending with -uir, however, are regular. For example, the past participle of construir is construido. Th e second group of irregular past participles must be learned individually. Below are several common verbs that have irregular past participles. VOCABULARIO Irregular past participles that end with -ído atraer to attract atraído caer to fall caído creer to believe creído leer to read leído oír to hear oído poseer to possess poseído sonreír to smile sonreído traer to bring traído Irregular past participles that must be learned individually abrir to open abierto cubrir to cover cubierto decir to say, tell dicho describir to describe descrito descubrir to discover descubierto devolver to return (something) devuelto disolver to dissolve disuelto envolver to wrap, wrap up envuelto escribir to write escrito freír to fry frito hacer to make, do hecho morir to die muerto oponer to oppose opuesto poner to put, place puesto proveer to provide, furnish provisto pudrir to rot, languish podrido resolver to resolve resuelto romper to break, break through/up roto ver to see visto volver to return vuelto He abierto la puerta. I have opened the door. No hemos hecho nada. We haven’t done anything. ¿No has escrito la carta? Haven’t you written the letter? ¿Habéis visto la película? Have you all seen the movie? Él me ha dicho una mentira. He has told me a lie. Los huevos se han podrido. Th e eggs have rotted. 182 practice makes perfect Spanish Verb Tenses
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PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT Spanish Verb
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To Martin, Daisy, and Lily
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Acknowledgments ix Introduction xi
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16 The conditional tense 171 Regula
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Acknowledgments It is an enormous h
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Introduction More than any other as
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THE PRESENT TENSE TENSE Present TIM
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The basics of verbs Conjugation of
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Regular -ar verbs Regular -ar endin
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32. She listens. 33. They [f.] list
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Regular -er verbs To conjugate regu
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EJERCICIO 1·4 Traducción VOCABULA
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EJERCICIO ¿Cuál es verdadero o fa
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¿Por qué? Why? ¿Cómo? How? Acce
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EJERCICIO 1·10 Traducción VOCABUL
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Ser and estar ·2· Of all the verb
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Possession What’s yours is yours
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EJERCICIO 2·1 1. I am from the Uni
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Using estar Location Mood To give t
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EJERCICIO 2·3 Traducción Each of
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EJERCICIO 2·5 Complete each senten
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Hay Th e word hay is truly a hardwo
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EJERCICIO Describe your house or ap
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Tener Th e verb tener (“to have
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Age In English, we use the verb “
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7. Es julio y tú estás en Puerto
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Hi. I work at McDonald’s. I have
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The personal a ·5· Th e personal
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7. Whom do you love? 8. Do you see
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Common irregular verbs ·6· Below
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8. Usualmente, ¿adónde vas despu
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Playing games—jugar Th e verb jug
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7. What are you going to do? 8. Are
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Th e verbs saber and conocer both m
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7. Do you all know that there are s
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EJERCICIO 7·5 Tú conoces a María
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5. The manicurist knows her clients
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In Chapter 1, we discussed the two
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5. You all beg. 6. They [m.] count
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e > i 3. He washes the dishes. 4. W
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EJERCICIO 8·3 1. I compete. Traduc
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Irregular verb groups Many verbs ar
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Infi nitives ending with -cer or -c
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VOCABULARIO coger to catch, seize,
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EJERCICIO 9·9 Complete each senten
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Refl exive verbs A verb is refl exi
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EJERCICIO ¿Cuál es verdadero o fa
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EJERCICIO Describe your morning and
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Verbs like gustar ·11· Th ere are
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EJERCICIO 11·1 Traducción 1. Trut
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10. A la Bella Durmiente le falta u
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The present progressive ·12· Th e
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4. We are eating pizza and drinking
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8. What are you reading? 9. Who is
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EJERCICIO 12·4 Traducción 1. I am
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·II· THE PAST TENSES, THE FUTURE
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The preterite tense TENSE Preterite
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Below is the full conjugation of ab
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6. ¿Tomaste café ayer por la mañ
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z > c autorizar to authorize yo aut
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Irregular verbs in the preterite Th
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9. What did you do last night? 10.
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EJERCICIO 13·8 ir Yo fui a México
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5. We said that we didn’t eat the
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I went to Puerto Rico last January.
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6. At that moment, she preferred no
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8. They [m.] contributed one hundre
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Page 146 and 147: 7. Una amiga mía tuvo un bebé est
Page 148 and 149: The imperfect tense TENSE Imperfect
Page 150 and 151: When to use the imperfect Habitual
Page 152 and 153: EJERCICIO 14·2 ¿Qué era? Complet
Page 154 and 155: When I was younger, I liked school
Page 156 and 157: Below are several common verbs that
Page 158 and 159: Yesterday, when I was walking to sc
Page 160 and 161: Key words and phrases Certain words
Page 162 and 163: EJERCICIO 14·11 Complete each sent
Page 164 and 165: EJERCICIO 14·13 ¡Te toca a ti! Re
Page 166 and 167: EJERCICIO 14·15 Traducción VOCABU
Page 168 and 169: The progressive in the past Th ere
Page 170 and 171: This afternoon I saw the best episo
Page 172 and 173: TENSE Future TIME Refers to a futur
Page 174 and 175: EJERCICIO 15·1 Complete each sente
Page 176 and 177: 11. ¿A qué hora te levantarás ma
Page 178 and 179: Below are several common compounds
Page 180 and 181: Habrá—hay in the future Th e thi
Page 182 and 183: 12. These hammers (el martillo) wil
Page 184 and 185: The conditional tense TENSE Conditi
Page 186 and 187: EJERCICIO 16·1 Traducción 1. I wo
Page 188 and 189: Below are several common compounds
Page 190 and 191: 12. I wouldn’t tell him, because
Page 192 and 193: The present perfect tense ·17· TE
Page 196 and 197: EJERCICIO ¿Qué has hecho esta sem
Page 198 and 199: EJERCICIO 17·4 Traducción VOCABUL
Page 200 and 201: The past perfect tense ·18· TENSE
Page 202 and 203: 8. Antes de mi trabajo actual (pres
Page 204 and 205: EJERCICIO 18·2 Traducción 1. I ha
Page 206 and 207: The past perfect tense 193
Page 208 and 209: ·III· THE IMPERATIVE, THE SUBJUNC
Page 210 and 211: MOOD Imperative TIME Refers to the
Page 212 and 213: ◆ z c EJERCICIO 19·2 1. Don’t
Page 214 and 215: When two object pronouns are involv
Page 216 and 217: note When the yo form ends in -oy,
Page 218 and 219: 12. Don’t go away angry [f.]! 13.
Page 220 and 221: nosotros commands Both affi rmative
Page 222 and 223: EJERCICIO 19·12 1. Let’s know ev
Page 224 and 225: The present subjunctive ·20· MOOD
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Page 228 and 229: 3. Espero que el próximo president
Page 230 and 231: Ignorance Verbs in the main clause
Page 232 and 233: Emotional statement or comment Emot
Page 234 and 235: EJERCICIO 20·6 Traducción 1. It
Page 236 and 237: Below are several common connecting
Page 238 and 239: Vague or indefi nite antecedent Whe
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Page 242 and 243: EJERCICIO 20·14 Traducción 1. Eve
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EJERCICIO 20·16 Traducción The fo
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The imperfect subjunctive ·21· MO
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EJERCICIO 21·1 Traducción 1. I wa
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13. It’s a miracle that the airli
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EJERCICIO 21·4 Traducción 1. He s
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EJERCICIO 21·5 Traducción 1. I wo
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EJERCICIO 21·6 Traducción 1. I wi
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The future perfect tense ·22· TEN
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14. If you lose this election, you
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I can’t believe it! By the end of
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TENSE Conditional perfect TIME Refe
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11. If she weren’t so selfi sh (e
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The present perfect subjunctive MOO
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10. It may be that they [m.] have n
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The pluperfect subjunctive MOOD Plu
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10. I never believed that she had b
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querer (“to wish”) in the main
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VOICE Passive The passive voice ·2
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EJERCICIO 26·2 Complete each sente
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The incomplete passive voice in oth
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13. They’ll close the doors at el
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14. I hope that this mess (el lío)
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Preterite conjugations Regular verb
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tener tendría tendrías tendría t
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a Appendix B Verbs that take a prep
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con de aburrirse con (n.) to be/get
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para por molestarse en (v.) to take
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I THE PRESENT TENSE Answer key Free
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2-6 Cuando estoy de mal humor limpi
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7-7 1. El médico conoce bien el cu
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12 The present progressive 12-1 1.
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13-16 H. L. Mencken fue un gran esc
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14-17 1. Yo estaba comiendo. 2. Est
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17-3 1. He tenido el dinero por má
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20-3 1. Dudo que ella coma en ese r
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21-2 1. Ellas no creen que yo hicie
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24-2 1. No contrataré a nadie que
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Spanish-English glossary note Nouns
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calle ( f.) street calor (m.) heat,
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despertador (m.) alarm clock desper
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grave serious gravedad ( f.) gravit
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monstruo (m.) monster montar ride;
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q que that; than ¿qué? what? qued
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tostar (o ue) to toast trabajar to
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English-Spanish glossary note Nouns
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c cabinet alacena ( f.), armario (m
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duck pato (m.) duke duque (m.) duri
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hand mano ( f.) (on the other) hand
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meet conocer; encontrarse (o ue);
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purchase comprar purse bolsa ( f.)
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stay estancia ( f.) stay quedarse s
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wind viento (m.) wind dar cuerda a;
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