almanac on security sector oversight in the Western Balkans

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Figure 1 International organizations Amnesty international, Helsinki Watch International institutions NATO, PfP, EU, OSCE, OECD 82 Bilateral conditionality The Croatian Parliament Parliamentary commities International ACCOUNTABILITY Judiciary Internal policy and national security Foreign policy Defence Finances and state budget Council for Civilian Oversight of the Security Intelligence Agencies Human and national minorities rights Auditing bodies -State audit ofce -State Commission for the Supervision of PP Procedures -General Inspectorate of the Armed Forces -National Council for monitoring Anti- Corruption Strategy Implementation President of the Republic National Security Council Government Ministries Ministry of defence Ministry of nancies Ministry of justice Ministry of interior Ministry of economy State structures Armed forces Coast guard Police Border police Anti terrorist unit State custom USKOK - ofce for suppresion of corruption and Ombudspersons Sate judicial councils State attorney Government Agencies Directorate for the public procurement system Public procurement ofce Croatian data protecton agency TRANSPARENCY Constitutional court Courts organized crime Ofce of the national security council State intelligence agency Military security intelligence agency Supreme court Administrative court Municipal courts Misdemeanor courts Commercial courts Military courts Investigative judges Media Scientic institutes Think-thanks NGOs Universities Private safety organizations Private investigation ofces Represive Civil Government branches State bodies Non-state institutions
3 . Transparency of the security sector Croatia Transparency of the security organisations and their operations could be measured thorough execution of their functions and tasks. Of all the possible functions, protection of private information, freedom of access to information and secrecy of the information and data of public interest could give insight to the state of affairs in this field. In the next few years, having firmly established the legal framework, and annually improving the implementation of standards, the most important activities will be improving organisational resources and further internalising democratic values. Examples of the extensive interpretation of confidential and classified information on defence and security issues exists but is being reduced in scope and importance on an annual basis. Recently, more emphasis has been placed on education and training of personnel to conform to societal needs of transparency, so this is the area where most achievements were made in recent years. Equipping and staffing of these structures is satisfactory for these tasks. 3.1. Secrecy of documents In all above fields, good practice has been visible during the last five or more years. There is less classified data and recent corruption scandals have put pressure on state officials. There are significant efforts to change the organisational culture of secrecy in state security institutions through adequate training, either on a bilateral basis with supporting countries or within the framework of activities with the CoE, not only for those directly responsible for the implementation of relevant legislation, but for most personnel. Several thousand security sector and state administration employees have gone through training and education programmes of NATO and the EU. In addition, there is a legally prescribed administrative procedure to challenge classifications. The corrective role played by independent state bodies is declining because of improving practice of state institutions, which can be seen through reduction of the corresponding legal proceedings before courts or state administrative bodies. Any document declared secret or confidential can be declared open through a procedure led by the same structure that declared it secret. Capacities of state bodies regarding classification and declassification are well established and the overall security structure is performing regular training of personnel to make them more adept at handling these needs. These bodies have clearly defined roles, procedures, competences with supporting laws and regulation. 3.2. Access to classified documents The right to information is an issue (with protection of data) that, if overzealously applied, can be used to prevent information being made public in order to protect someone’s image. Both laws serve to protect overlapping values and none should take precedence. It is up to the legal framework streamlining and also achievement of 83 Almanac on Security Sector Oversight in the Western Balkans
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Serbia Almanac on Security Sector O
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Publishers: the Belgrade Centre for
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Acknowledgements This alman
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Introduction While official coopera
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the purpose of this study, accounta
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Different authors chose to present
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Chapter 1 - Albania Authors: Arjan
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1 . Introduction Albania This chapt
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Albania cotts them. Opposition ofte
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Table 2: Permanent committees with
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Albania The president is also the h
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Albania trust the expertise of the
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Box 1: The Gerdec case Albania The
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Albania Executive financial control
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Page 35 and 36: Albania intelligence, while the Nat
Page 37 and 38: Albania these units are not always
Page 39 and 40: Albania Trust has increased in the
Page 41 and 42: Albania • The executive and parli
Page 43 and 44: Albania 26. Minutes from the discus
Page 45: Albania 11. OECD. SIGMA, Support fo
Page 48 and 49: Abbreviations and acronyms BiH Bosn
Page 50 and 51: that with its assistance, in the fo
Page 52 and 53: fourteen police agencies in Bosnia
Page 54 and 55: An institution that best exemplifie
Page 56 and 57: Several different agencies share co
Page 58 and 59: this research, these departments ad
Page 60 and 61: the respect for human rights in the
Page 62 and 63: significantly improved since 2008,
Page 64 and 65: 2006, Bosnia and Herzegovina signed
Page 66 and 67: 5 . Recommendations The proposed la
Page 68 and 69: Bibliography 68 Primary sources 1.
Page 70: 8. www.sipa.gov.ba - state Investig
Page 74 and 75: Abbreviations and acronyms BiH Bosn
Page 76 and 77: 1 . Introduction This chapter will
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Page 84 and 85: higher standards of operations of s
Page 86 and 87: There are numerous ways in which pa
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Page 92 and 93: 5.1.2. Lessons learned from impleme
Page 94 and 95: Social Democratic government marked
Page 96 and 97: Reform deteriorated in the next per
Page 98 and 99: Bibliography 53 1. Anderson, Peter
Page 100: 38. Zakon o prekršajima, Narodne n
Page 104 and 105: Abbreviations and acronyms ACA Koso
Page 106 and 107: 1 . Introduction The security secto
Page 108 and 109: The international military presence
Page 110 and 111: Figure 1: Organisation of the Secur
Page 112 and 113: Figure 2: Mapping of the Security S
Page 114 and 115: According to the new Law on the Pol
Page 116 and 117: Hearings for budgetary proposals ar
Page 118 and 119: Court decisions for criminal cases
Page 120 and 121: human rights by the Kosovo Assembly
Page 122 and 123: Both the OAG and the ACA submit the
Page 124 and 125: context, therefore, is a crucial in
Page 126 and 127: Bibliography 126 Legislation 1. Con
Page 129 and 130: Chapter 5 - Macedonia Author: Andre
Page 131 and 132: 1 . Introduction Macedonia Macedoni
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Macedonia through assistance to and
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Macedonia Oversight institutions ha
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Macedonia Thirdly, the Committee on
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Macedonia Even though the SAO issue
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4.1. Parliament Macedonia The polic
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Macedonia SICPS is unprofessional a
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4.5. Constitutional Court Macedonia
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Macedonia Members of the Committee
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Macedonia person under surveillance
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Macedonia should be expanded by con
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Macedonia 14. Закон за ра
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Macedonia 32. State Audit Office (2
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Chapter 6 - Montenegro Authors: Raj
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1 . Introduction Montenegro The aim
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Montenegro The process of security
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Montenegro Finally, the National Se
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Montenegro CSD only needs the agree
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Montenegro bers representing differ
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Montenegro only after the Agency fo
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3.5. Financial oversight and contro
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Montenegro make additional efforts
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Bibliography Legislation Montenegro
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Montenegro 13. Ministry of Internal
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Abbreviations and acronyms CCD Code
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herent. The reason for this was a l
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ance and respect for human rights a
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security institutions during one wo
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meetings, regular exchange of infor
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maltreatment in custody it is impos
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expressed in relation to the role o
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have acted as intermediaries of the
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and the third, budgetary inspection
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obliged to send quarterly reports o
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The aforementioned problems could b
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6.1.3. Judiciary • Courts should
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Bibliography 206 Primary sources 1.
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208 Secondary sources 1. Belgrade C
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210
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Abbreviations and acronyms ARS Army
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ise data from previous analyses 186
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states and in the region (Hadžić,
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The formative phase was crucial for
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similarities between the processes
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adical SSR, but also the main threa
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The emergence of new actors permane
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control and oversee the work of exe
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MPs in the work of several committe
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Table 3: New legal framework Laws A
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Table 4 - part 2: Political and Str
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Table 7: Independent State Institut
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14. Miroslav Hadžić, Milorad Timo
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SSR Index - Measuring to Advance De
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1 . Introduction SSR Index - Measur
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Box 1: Where is this framework appl
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• Frequency: frequent/occasional/
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Annex I: Grading System for SSR GRA
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GRADE 5 Focus is on adopted values
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Grades Grades for Parliamentary Con
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Albania Grades Table: Measuring Thr
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Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina tran
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Bosnia and Herzegovina reveals defi
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Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia esta
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Croatia Grades GENERAL TRANSPARENCY
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Croatia contribute to the planning
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Kosovo Grades GENERAL TRANSPARENCY
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Kosovo Macedonia Procurement transp
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Macedonia Grades GENERAL TRANSPAREN
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Macedonia The state budget is based
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Montenegro Recommendations: • The
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Montenegro of Public Procurement, t
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Serbia ties of the DSC’s work, cl
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Serbia of the actors’ organizatio
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Research Consortium Partners ANALYT
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