Forest Products from Latin America. Annotated Bibliography of ...

Torres-S., L. 1973. Design for a lumber dry kiln with a
16 m 3 capacity (Diseno de una secadora de maderas capaci-
dad 16 m 3 . Bucaramanga, Colombia: Universidad indus-
trial de Santander. [17] 1. + blueprint.
Provides practical information on the general considerations,
costs, and specifics of building a kiln.
Trubswetter, T. 1980. Technical seasoning of tropical
timbers (Technische Trocknung von Tropenholzern). Holz-
Zentralblatt. 106(49/50):763.
Describes different drying processes and provides guidelines
on quality control and costs. The cost of seasoning 65-mm-
thick Entandrophragma utile in an oil-fired steam kiln is
estimated at 209 DM/m 3 .
Tschernitz, J.L.; Simpson, W.T. 1979. Solar-heated,
forced-air, lumber dryer for tropical latitudes. Solar Energy.
22:563-566.
Describes a prototype solar lumber drier for tropical
areas. The unit consists of a horizontal solar collector and
a drying chamber with controlling fans and vents. Data
are presented on the drying of red oak lumber in Madison,
Wisconsin, USA.
Tschernitz, J.L.; Simpson, W.T. 1985. FPL design for
lumber dry kiln using solar/wood energy in tropical lati-
tudes. FPL-GTR-44. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory.
17 p.
The low-cost solar/wood energy lumber dry kiln described
in this report was designed and tested by the Forest Products
Laboratory (FPL) for such countries where solar dry
kilns can be built and operated at low cost.
The FPL design is for a 6,000-fbm capacity kiln having an
insulated drying compartment, an external horizontal solar
collector, and a furnace room containing a wood burner.
Capacities larger or smaller than 6,000 fbm are also possible.
This design allows collector and wood burner sizing to
match the energy demands of the dryer. The design also
incorporated low-cost controls that allow unattended drying
when operated as a solar-only dryer. Manual firing is
necessary when the wood-burning system is supplying the
energy.
Tschernitz, J.L.; Simpson, W.T. 1986. Design for lum-
ber dry kiln using solar/wood energy in tropical latitudes.
Drying Technology. 4( 4) : 651-670.
Developing countries with a timber resource that can be
manufactured into finished products either for local use or
export often lack the capital to build high-cost dry kilns.
The low-cost solar/wood energy lumber dry kiln described
in this report was designed and tested for such countries
where solar dry kilns can be built and operated at low cost.
Turc, C.O.; Cutter, B.E. 1984. Sorption and shrinkage
studies of six Argentine woods. Wood and Fiber Science.
16(4):575-582.
Describes a study of the sorption isotherms and shrinkage
values of six valuable Argentinean wood species: Araucaria
angustifolia; Aspidosperma quebracho- blanco; Cedrela
tubiflora; Cordia trichotoma; Prosopis alba; and Schinopsis
quebracho-colorado. Fiber saturation points were calculated
for each species. Shrinkage values are given with tangential
ranging from 3.1 to 8.5 percent and radial from 2.2 to 6.4
percent.
52
USAID (U.S. Agency for International Develop-
ment). 1962. Lumber seasoning (Secado de Madera). Un
Manual de Operaciones para el Programa de Cooperation.
Centro Regional de Ayuda Technica. Mexico. 159 p.
Valladares, Jaime. 1981. Practical manual for air drying
wood; designed especially for small and medium workshops
(Manual Practico para el Secado de Madera al Aire
Libre; diseno especial para pequenos y medianos talleres).
Guatemala City, Guatemala: Instituto Centroamericano de
Investigacion y Technologia Industrial (ICATI). 40 p.
Manual with many drawings describing good air drying
practices for lumber.
Vital, B.R. 1976. Use of solar energy for drying wood
(Utilizacao de energia solar para secagem de madeira). Mi-
nas Gerais, Brasil: Universdade Federal de Vicosa. Revista
Ceres. 23(125):1-10.