Forest Products from Latin America. Annotated Bibliography of ...

Chemical composition accounts for most of the calorific
value, being high for species high in lignin or resins or
other extractives, and low for species with high cellulose
and pentosan content.
Doat, J; Petroff, G. 1975. The destructive distillation of
tropical woods. Laboratory trials and industrial prospects.
Bois et Forets des Tropiques. 159:55-72.
Describes the pyrolysis of wood, the products and byprod-
ucts of the process, and gives results of tests on more than
100 tropical woods from Africa, Madagascar, and S. Amer-
ica. The relationship of the specific gravity of wood and
the density of the charcoal produced was shown to be very
strong. Difficulties in the production of charcoal for the
metallurgy industry, and for gas to generate electricity, are
discussed.
Duchene, G.F. 1987. What happened to Brazil’s naval
stores industry in 1985-7. Naval Stores Review. 97(5):
12-13.
Duke, J.A.; Maeglin, R.R.; Youngs, R.L. 1989. An
initiative on underutilized tropical forest products. Wash-
ington, DC, USA. Report to USAID/FENR. 78 p.
Earl, D.E. 1974. Charcoal: An Andre’ Mayer fellowship
report. Rome, Italy: FAO, United Nations. 97 p.
Egler, F.E. 1947. The role of botanical research in the
chicle industry. Economic Botany. 1:188-209.
Eslyn, W.E.; Bultman, J.D.; Jurd, L. 1981. Wood de-
cay inhibition by tropical hardwood extractives and related
compounds. Phytopathology. 71(5):521-524.
Describes the impregnation of sterilized pine blocks
with extractives obtained from tropical hardwoods (ob-
tusaquinone, obtusastyrene, or lapachol) and one synthetic
compound (2-benzyl- 4,6-di-t-butylphenol). The treated
blocks were exposed to the wood decay fungi, Coriolus
versicolor, Gloeophyllum trabeum, or Poria placenta. Ob-
tusastyrene and obtusaquinone were most effective against
the brown rot fungi. Lapachol was effective at its highest
concentration only against P. placenta. The synthetic com-
pound reduced all decay-associated weight losses. Chemical
sterilization resulted in increased decay by G. trabeum and
P. placenta on treated wood, but no statistical difference
was noted on the control blocks.
Farmer, R.H.; Campbell, W.G. 1952. Chemical utiliza-
tion of tropical hardwoods. Tappi. 35:181.
Fengel, D.; Bocher, G. 1984. Study of polysaccharides
from three tropical woods (Untersuchung der Polysaccha-
ride von drei Tropenholzern). Holzforschung. 8(4):177-180.
Cold-water extract, 1 percent NaOH extract, polyoses, and
alpha-cellulose were isolated from 3 tropical wood species:
azobe (Lophira alata); balsa (Ochroma lagopus); and
Parana pine (Araucaria angustifolia), and their percent-
ages and their sugar and polysaccharide composition were
determined. The percentages of xylan, mannan, and cel-
lulose corresponded approximately to those of woods from
temperate zones. Balsa contained about one third more
polyoses than azobe and about two thirds more mannan.
The polyoses of balsa are very accessible, thus the alpha-
cellulose obtained during analysis consisted of a nearly pure
cellulose.
Fengel, D.; Greune, A.; Wegener, G. 1983. Charac-
terization of lignins from three tropical woods (Charak-
terisierung von drei Tropenholzligninen). Holzforschung.
37(3):121-124.
The lignins from three tropical wood species, azobe
(Lophira alata), balsa (Ochroma pyramidale), and Parana
pine (Araucaria angustifolia), were carefully isolated and
characterized by elementary analysis, determination of
methoxyl, sugar analysis, IR, and UV spectroscopy. A
lower syringyl content of the lignins of tropical hardwoods
compared with indigenous hardwoods (as found previously)
was confirmed. All three lignins showed a higher degree
of oxidation than lignins from woods of temperate zones.
The high acid-lignin content of azobe is partly caused by
polyphenols. Additionally, benzoic acid was found in the
extract of azobe.
Fernandes, P. de S.; Coutinho, C.J.; Baena, E. de
S. 1982. Use of residues from timber exploitation as an
energy source (Aproveitamento dos residuos lenhosos do
desmatamento para fins energeticos). In: Malvesi, I.T.O.
[and others], eds. Proceedings of the national conference on
native species; 1982 September 12-18; Campos do Jordao,
Sao Paulo, Brazil. Sao Paulo, Brazil: Silvicultura em Sao
Paulo. 16A(2):1390-1394.
Describes the fuelwood yields from 4 forest types in Minas
Gerais, Brazil.
Ferreira, J.M. [and others]. 1963. The alkaloids of As-
pidosperma discolor A.D.C. Experientia Basle. 19(11):585.
Franca, N.C.; Gottlieb, O.R.; Suarez, A.M.P. 1973.
6-phenylethyl- 5,6-dihydro- 2-pyrones from [stemwood of]
Aniba gigan tiff ora. Phytochemistry. 12(5): 1182-1 184.
Gabriel, S. J.; Gottlieb, O. R. 1972. Tovoxanthone from
Tovomita choisyana. Chemistry of Brazilian Guttiferae.
Part 30. Phytochemistry. 11(10):3035-3036.
Describes the isolation of betulinic acid, sitosterol, stigmas-
terol, and 1,6-dihydroxy-6’,6’ -dimethylpyrano- (2’,3’:7,8)-
xanthone (tovoxanthone) from stemwood of T. choisyana,
from the Amazon Basin.
Gabriel, S.J.; Gottlieb, O.R.; Lima, R.A. de;
Mesquita, A.A.L. 1977. The chemistry of Brazilian
Guttiferae. Part 36. Constituents of Amazonian species.
Itaguai, Brazil: Inst. Ciencias Exatas, Univ. Federal Rural
do Rio de Janeiro. Acta Amazonica. 7(2):289-291.
Presents data from chemical analyses of the wood of
Caraipa costata, C. grandifolia, C. psidifolia, C. valioi, Hap-
loclathra verticillata, Mahurea tomentosa, and Platonia
insignis.
Garrido, L.M. do A.G.; Garrido, M.A. de O.; Silva,
H.M. da; Carball, M.R. 1984. Mathematical study of
some components of daily resin production (Estudo matem-
atico de alguns componentes da produeao diaria de resina).
Sao Paulo, Brazil: Boletin Tecnic o do Instituto Florestal.
38(1):47-71.
Gomide, J.L.; Vital, B.R.; Ribeiro, A.C. 1975. Forest
tree species of the Zona da Mata as a source of pulp: their
chemical properties. Revista Ceres. 22(119):74-79.
79