Fishery bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service - NOAA

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STUDIES ON THE STRIPED BASS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST 65 in the winter often become dormant and inactive. The evidence is strong that the maximum tolerance limit for the species is 25°-26° C., which is about as high a temperature as coastal waters ever reach in the North and Middle Atlantic. Coastal migra' tions are not undertaken by bass less than 2 years old. Tagging experiments conducted in North Carolina in the springs of 1937 and 1938 tend to show that bass from this region contribute directly only a small percentage to the population summering in northern waters. (9) The available evidence from general observation and scale analysis points to the conclusion that the dominant 1934 year-class originated chiefly in the latitude of Chesapeake and Delaware Bays, and confirms the results of the tagging experiments in North Carolina in the springs of 1937 and 1938 mentioned above. (10) Stomach-content analyses on over 550 striped bass from northern waters, and on over 100 individuals from the south, show that bass are general in their choice of food—a large variety of fishes and crustácea forming the most common diet. (11) Various nematodes and copepods have been found parasitic on the striped bass, and a number of trematodes, cestodes, and acanthocephalans have also been listed by other authors. Glochidia were found on small juveniles from the western end of Albemarle Sound. Several of the parasites listed constitute new host records. None of these parasites are of any great consequence to the general well-being of the striped bass population. A high percentage of bass in the Thames River, Conn., were found to have bilateral cataract. It is suggested that this is the result of a dietary deficiency. (12) The decline in abundance of the striped bass of the Atlantic coast over longterm periods and its causes are discussed, and it is pointed out that the present practice of taking such a large proportion of the 2-year-olds annually is apparently not an efficient utilization of the supply, and that both the fishery and the stock should benefit by protecting this species until it is 3 years old, at which time it is approximately 41 cm. (16 inches) long to the fork of the tail and weighs \% to 2 pounds. The adoption of such experimental measures designed to protect striped bass up to the time they become 3 years old should result in a greater profit for the commercial fishermen, an increased supply of larger fish for the sportsmen, and an added number of individuals that reach maturity, some of which may possibly spawn in northern waters and thus replenish the stocks in these areas where in many instances the populations have been exhausted. The need for further studies on the striped bass is emphasized in order that the results of the recommendation, if adopted, may be traced, so that suitable revision of the size limit may be made if the results indicate that modifications would be desirable, and in order to amplify the results of the present investigation. TABLE 3.—Record of striped basa taken by members of Cuttyhunk Club, Cuttyhunk, Mass., 1865-1907 I860 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1870 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 NOTE.—See fig. 3. Year 277089—Í1- Number offish 1.174 659 906 942 887 616 804 £81 692 EDO 724 835 321 648 498 403 184 200 164 124 468 Average weight 6.76 6.25 6.76 6.60 7.25 8.60 8 6. 7fi 8.25 9.25 7 10.25 8.25 9.76 9 9.25 10.25 8.25 9 9 22 Largest flab 28 24.60 65 67 48 47 42 39 37 55 50.25 51 51.60 51 49 60.25 44 64 31.76 43 29.50 27.25 1887 Д888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897. 1898 1899 1900 1001 1902 1903-.._ 1804 1905 1906 1907 Year Number offish 235 29 4 164 43 18 39 80 21 25 59 45 21 14 13245715 Average weight 12 16.50 22.60 14 11.75 16.50 16.25 g 17.25 14.25 11.26 9 13 18 14 17 10.75 15 16 9.25 19 Largest fish 42 66 41 41.60 24.25 38 50 35.50 35 25 36 75 27 33 60 23 76 35 54 29 26 16.75 35 40 9.26 23 50
66 FISHERY BULLETIN OF THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE TABLE 4.—Number of striped boss taken each year in pound-nets at Fort Pond Bay, Long Island, N. Y., 1884-1937 Date 1884 1886 1886.. 1887-- 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894-- : 1895- .. 1896 1897 1898 1899. . 1900 1901-- 1902 1903 1904-- 1905 1906 1907- . 1908 1909.-- 1910 NOTE.—Soe flgs. 4 and 24. Number of striped bass 3 630 1 872 4,354 2,688 2.046 915 720 630 455 1,953 3,643 3,689 35 895 708 189 1,651 1,310 348 1,107 219 64 3,374 926 426 300 496 Number of poundnotsln operation 6 6б6в6777788gggggg9gg g gg g g 1911 1912 1913. . . 1914 1915. 1916. . . 1917 igis. igig ШО 1921 -. ig22 ig23 1924.- 1925 1926 ig27 1928 1929 1930,- 1931 Ш2 1933. 1934 Ш5___ 1936 1937 Date Number of striped bass 221 702 378 1 579 236 804 197 1 310 157 463 240 1,976 401 878 389 321 121 184 100 325 500 35 60 100 400 15,600 4,200 Number of poundnets in operation TABLE 5.—Length-frequency distribution of striped bass making up the random samplings of the commercial catch in Cape Cod Bay, at Newport, R. I., and at Montauk, Long Island, N. Y., in 1987 Length (cm.) 20 . 22 28 32 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 46 46 47 48 4g £0 61 62 63 £6 66 Number of individuals Cape Cod Bay 1 1 1 1 2 6 3 16 22 17 31 21 21 19 19 17 20 12 23 16 15 119763 Newport, R.I. 2 1 4 8 22 28 29 44 39 44 26 21 17 14 24 21 12 7 10 Montant, Long Island, N.Y. 1 1 2 5 g 12 24 21 40 £6 61 34 39 26 31 12 186642 1 67 58 69 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 70 71 73 77 78 80 81 84. 90 96 102 108 Length (cm.) Total Number of individuals Cape Cod Bay NOTE.—See fig. 6 for length-frequency curves smoothed by threes made up from this material. 4 2 3 2 4 3 22 3 2 3 221 2 1111 1 21 2 366 Newport. ВЛ. 3 1 1 1 378 g gg 10 10 gg7777777777 6 ? 8-12 8-12 8-12 8-12 8-12 8-12 8-12 12 12 Montauk, Long Island, N. Y. 1 1 413
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