Em4885 irrigation management practices to protect ground water

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Overall Management Objective 5.00 - Reduce contamination of surface water from sedimentation . . . . . . . . 4-91 Explanation and Purpose . . . . . . . 4-91 Possible Effects on Water Diversions . . . . . 4-92 Possible Effects on Crop Yields . . . . . . 4-92 Possible Effects on Ground Water Quality . . . . . 4-92 Possible Effects on Surface Water Quality . . . . . 4-92 Section 1- Reduce Contamination of Surface Runoff . . . . . 4-93 IP 5.01.01 - Use cover crops on unprotected, easily erodible soils . . 4-93 IP 5.01.02 - Manage crop residues to reduce surface water contamination . . . . . . . . 4-93 IP 5.01.03 - Install straw mulching in furrows . . . . 4-94 IP 5.01.04 - Use reduced tillage (paraplow) cultural systems . . . 4-94 IP 5.01.05 - Use pressed (slicked) furrows with furrow/rill irrigation systems . . . . . . . 4-94 IP 5.01.06 - Perform land grading to optimize furrow/rill gradients to reduce soil erosion . . . . . . . 4-95 IP 5.01.07 - Install tailwater drop structures . . . . . 4-95 IP 5.01.08 - Install buried tailwater drops and collection pipes . . . 4-96 Section 2- Manage Surface Runoff to Minimize contamination Potential . . 4-97 IP 5.02.01 - Install sedimentation pits . . . . . 4-97 IP 5.02.02 - Install vegetative buffering strips . . . . 4-97 IP 5.02.03 - Gather and reuse surface runoff (see IP 2.02.11) . . . 4-98 Overall Management Objective 6.00 - Prevent direct aquifer contamination via wells . . . . . . . . . 4-98 Explanation and Purpose . . . . . . . 4-98 Possible Effects on Water Diversions . . . . . 4-98 Possible Effects on Crop Yields . . . . . . 4-99 Possible Effects on Ground Water Quality . . . . . 4-99 Possible Effects on Surface Water Quality . . . . . 4-99 IP 6.00.01 - Complete wells properly where there is the possibility of cascading flows contaminating a lower aquifer . . . . 4-99 IP 6.00.02 - Do not store, load, or mix chemicals near a wellhead or other vulnerable place. . . . . . . . 4-100 IP 6.00.03 - Prevent back siphonage/flow of chemicals or nutrients down a well after injection . . . . . . . 4-100 IP 6.00.04 - Identify and properly seal all abandoned and improperly constructed wells . . . . . . . 4-101 Chapter 5 - Developing an On-farm Water Quality Program . . . . 5-1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Analysis and Planning Procedure . . . . . . . 5-1 Determination of current or future water quality problems . . . 5-2 Identification of problem contaminants . . . . . 5-2 Reducing availability . . . . . . . 5-3 Reducing detachment . . . . . . . 5-3 Reducing transport . . . . . . . 5-3 x
Determining reasonable goals . . . . . . 5-3 Determining appropriate Implementation Practices . 5-3 Preventing Contamination Problems from Occurring . . . . . 5-4 Example of Planning Checklist . . . . . . . 5-5 Local Area-Wide Information . . . . . . . 5-12 Chapter 6 - The Role of Government Agencies in Controlling Contamination. . . 6-1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Conservation Districts . . . . . . . . 6-1 Irrigation Districts . . . . . . . . 6-2 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation . . . . . . . 6-2 Soil Conservation Service . . . . . . . . 6-3 Washington State University and the Cooperative Extension . . . . 6-3 Reacting to Pollution - The Compliance Memorandum of Agreement . . . 6-4 Chapter 7 - Resource Guide . . . . . . . . 7-1 Chapter 8 - Glossary . . . . . . . . . 8-1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. Percent of Stream Miles Assessed and Summary of Overall Support for Designated Uses . . . . . 2-8 Figure 2-2. Major Causes of Impairment for Rivers and Streams . . . . 2-8 Figure 2-3. Major Sources of Impairment for Rivers and Streams . . . . 2-9 Figure 2-4. Percent of Square Miles Assessed and Summary of Overall Support for Designated Uses of Estuaries . . . . 2-9 Figure 2-5. Major Causes of Impairment for Estuaries . . . . . 2-10 Figure 2-6. Major Sources of Impairment for Estuaries . . . . . 2-10 Figure 2-7. Percent of Acres Assessed and Summary of Overall Support for Designated Uses of Lakes . . . . . . 2-11 Figure 2-8. Major Causes of Impairment for Lakes . . . . . 2-11 Figure 2-9. Major Sources of Impairment for Lakes . . . . . 2-12 Figure 3-1. The Nitrogen Cycle . . . . . . . 3-3 Figure 3-2. Schematic of the Hydrologic Cycle . . . . . . 3-9 xi
Page 1 and 2: EM4885 IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTI
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .
Page 7 and 8: IP 2.01.08 - Consider changing the
Page 9: Section 3- Apply Fertilizer Properl
Page 13 and 14: Figure 5-1a. Water Quality Conserva
Page 15 and 16: 1 CHAPTER Purpose INTRODUCTION This
Page 17 and 18: 1 CHAPTER 4. Objective 4.00 - Manag
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER2.
Page 21 and 22: Water Quality as an Economic Issue
Page 23 and 24: 5 CHAPTER 2 Nonpoint source polluti
Page 25 and 26: 7 CHAPTER 2 Table 2-1. Beneficial u
Page 27 and 28: Not Assessed 86% Percent of Tota
Page 29 and 30: Major Causes of Impairment for Estu
Page 31 and 32: Standards for ground water quality
Page 33 and 34: 15 CHAPTER 2 Blanket statements con
Page 35 and 36: Included in the general strategy st
Page 37 and 38: 19 CHAPTER 2 It is important to not
Page 39 and 40: 1 CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 3.
Page 41 and 42: Hereafter, when the term “detachm
Page 43 and 44: 5 CHAPTER 3 The nitrogen cycle, sho
Page 45 and 46: 7 CHAPTER 3 Organic forms of phosph
Page 47 and 48: 3. Soil water conditions - most che
Page 49 and 50: 11 CHAPTER 3 Essentially there is a
Page 51 and 52: 13 CHAPTER 3 Retention of water by
Page 53 and 54: 15 CHAPTER 3 Management allowed dep
Page 55 and 56: Excessive, or imbalanced, dissolved
Page 57 and 58: 19 CHAPTER 3 TABLE 3-1. Guidelines
Page 59 and 60: 21 CHAPTER 3 Salts leached from the
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4 CHAPTER Purpose OVERALL MANAGEMEN
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4 CHAPTER Implementing the Practice
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4 CHAPTER IP 1.00.01 Install Concre
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4 CHAPTER IP 1.00.03 - Install Flex
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4 CHAPTER OVERALL MANAGEMENT OBJECT
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4 CHAPTER figures depicts the depth
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4 CHAPTER FIGURE 4-3. Depiction of
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4 CHAPTER Efficient, Effective Irri
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4 CHAPTER Possible Effects on Yield
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4 CHAPTER These include: 1. Flumes,
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.01.02 - Monitor Pump
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.01.03 - Evaluate the
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4 CHAPTER ECe LF = ................
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4 CHAPTER Although the previous equ
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4 CHAPTER Figure 4-9 is an example
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4 CHAPTER 2. Determine how much to
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4 CHAPTER Using the previous exampl
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4 CHAPTER Contact the local WSU Coo
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4 CHAPTER Note that the opportunity
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4 CHAPTER Soil variability may be s
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.03 - Use Surge-Fl
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.05 - Install a Su
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.09 - Rip Hardpans
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.12 - Reduce Furro
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4 CHAPTER Infiltration rates and ap
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4 CHAPTER Description Sprinkle syst
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4 CHAPTER The actual technique invo
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.03.08 - Minimize Sur
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4 CHAPTER SECTION 4 - PRACTICES FOR
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4 CHAPTER Finally, different emissi
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4 CHAPTER Description One of the gr
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4 CHAPTER Possible Effects on Water
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4 CHAPTER IP 3.01.02 - Consider Con
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4 CHAPTER IP 3.02.02 - Analyze Irri
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4 CHAPTER 4. Toxic materials conten
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4 CHAPTER Table 4-3b. Fertilizer nu
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4 CHAPTER IP 3.02.07 - Develop Real
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4 CHAPTER IP 3.03.05 - Incorporate
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4 CHAPTER IP 3.03.10 - Use Fertigat
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4 CHAPTER Other important factors t
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4 CHAPTER SECTION 1 - OVERALL GOOD
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4 CHAPTER IP 4.01.03 - Schedule App
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4 CHAPTER IP 4.01.07 - Mix and Load
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4 CHAPTER IP 4.01.11 - Consider Con
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4 CHAPTER IP 4.02.05 - Use Chemigat
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4 CHAPTER 6. Know how much water is
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4 CHAPTER SECTION 1 - REDUCE CONTAM
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4 CHAPTER Description Depending on
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4 CHAPTER SECTION 2 - MANAGE SURFAC
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4 CHAPTER Possible Effects on Water
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4 CHAPTER IP 6.00.04 - Identify and
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CHAPTER 5 DEVELOPING AN ON-FARM WAT
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CHAPTER 5 Reducing availability The
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CHAPTER 5 Example of Planning Check
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CHAPTER 5 C.) Cooperator Progress/C
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CHAPTER 5 U = USED S = SUGGESTED NA
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CHAPTER 5 U = USED S = SUGGESTED NA
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1 CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 6.
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Irrigation Districts 3 CHAPTER 6 Th
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Reacting to Pollution - The Complia
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TABLE 6-1. List of Conservation Dis
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CHAPTER 7 Purpose RESOURCE GUIDE Th
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CHAPTER 7 Integrated Pest Managemen
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CHAPTER 7 Irrigation System Managem
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CHAPTER 7 Private Applicator Pestic
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CHAPTER 8 GLOSSARY Absorption - The
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CHAPTER 8 Leaching Ratio - The perc
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Em4885 irrigation management practices to protect ground water

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