Complete Thesis_double spaced abstract.pdf

migration in sending states. While many of the studies associated with the aforementioned topics
still focus on the effects in the receiving states, most also include a significant portion dedicated
to the effects on the migrants and the effects in the sending states. Previous trends in the
emigration literature are summarized immediately following, more contemporary trends in
emigration are subsequently analyzed.
Emigration: Traditional Themes
There are two time periods that receive the most attention in the emigration literature,
the first is during the 1700s, 1800s and early 1900s when the emigration of mass populations
primarily moved from Europe to the United States and Canada; to a lesser extent, there were
Spanish emigrants landing in Central and Latin America during this time period. The second
time period is toward the end of colonization (1950s-1980s) in Africa and Asia, emigration
patterns had shifted and different types of emigrants were now migrating in the direction of
Europe, the United States, Canada, Japan, and Australia. However, regardless of the time
period examined, European and United States’ single case studies dominate the emigration
literature; specifically, studies examining emigration from England, Ireland, Spain, and Norway
and emigration to Sweden and the United States.
A significant portion of the literature is devoted to analyzing the number and type of
emigrants leaving a particular state (Bærre 2001; Baines 1994). The case studies vary in
description, from the application of complex mathematical models to historical narratives. The
variables found in most case studies include the effect of emigrant skill level(s), age, family ties,
resources, marriage status, and education; each variable is seen as significant with the ability to
affect the decision to emigrate, and influence the length of stay in the receiving state (Kurian
1979; Hatton 1995; Norström 1998; Sánchez-Alonso 2000; Papapanges and Sanfey 2001;
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