The Geneva Protocol, by David Hunter Miller
The Geneva Protocol, by David Hunter Miller
The Geneva Protocol, by David Hunter Miller
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CHAPTER XX. 74<br />
I answer <strong>by</strong> saying that the solution of these problems is very difficult, because with it are involved feelings of<br />
national fear and haunting doubts of possible national disaster. <strong>The</strong> feeling of security must be a plant of slow<br />
growth, and progress toward disarmament cannot be realized except to the extent that that growth comes. All<br />
that can be done now is to make a beginning, and, if too much is attempted, less will be accomplished. <strong>The</strong><br />
world must rely on the development of the new idea of the reign of law and reach its feeling of security as that<br />
reign succeeds and triumphs.<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>Protocol</strong> of <strong>Geneva</strong> is one of the most important of modern international documents. This is true whether<br />
it comes into force as a binding treaty or whether it does not; and it is true because the <strong>Protocol</strong> represents a<br />
development of international thought since the World War along lines of what may be called international<br />
morality, of what may almost be called international religion, which, while not novel in the realm of thought,<br />
were wholly novel in the diplomatic field of action.<br />
<strong>The</strong> belief that international law must be strengthened, the thought that it must lay hold of international<br />
questions before the time of war and the idea that the security of a country is to be a security for peace and not<br />
simply a security in war, were the principles upon which the Covenant of the League of Nations was based;<br />
but in that document they were to some extent formulated only as hopes for the future.<br />
<strong>The</strong>se ideas which the <strong>Protocol</strong> of <strong>Geneva</strong> seeks to make complete realities have fundamentally become a part<br />
of international life. To my mind, they are certain to be carried out in some document in the near future and<br />
one of their incidents will be the realization of schemes for the reduction of armament as an incident of the<br />
development of the feeling which exists as to security.<br />
{113}<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>Protocol</strong> of <strong>Geneva</strong> will undoubtedly be much changed as a result of the consideration which is now<br />
being given to it <strong>by</strong> the various important governments of the world.[3] In various respects the <strong>Protocol</strong> goes<br />
farther than cautious public sentiment of countries like Great Britain and her Dominions is, or ought to be,<br />
willing now to proceed; but it is these very matters which can easily be changed and which will be changed.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Conference on Disarmament and its result are the cornerstones on which the <strong>Protocol</strong> of <strong>Geneva</strong> rests.<br />
That Conference must be held and it must have a result; the public sentiment of the world demands it; and the<br />
satisfaction of that demand involves the adoption <strong>by</strong> the Members of the League of the <strong>Protocol</strong> of <strong>Geneva</strong>,<br />
not the document as it now is, but as it will be.<br />
[1] See Annex G, p. 271.<br />
[2] Supra, p. 84.<br />
[3] Since this monograph was written, I have received the text of the Report of the British Delegates regarding<br />
the <strong>Protocol</strong> of <strong>Geneva</strong> (Miscellaneous No. 21, 1924, Cmd. 2289). It is reprinted as Annex E, page 217. It is a<br />
most valuable and interesting document. I have carefully considered its conclusions, some of which are not<br />
the same as my own, and despite my very high regard for its authors, I see no reason to change anything that I<br />
have written.<br />
{116}<br />
ANNEXES.<br />
PAGE<br />
A. THE COVENANT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS .......................... 117