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Proceedings e report - Firenze University Press

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elative L* reduction [%]<br />

60<br />

40<br />

20<br />

0<br />

10 -1<br />

WOOD SCIENCE FOR CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE<br />

10 10 3<br />

Aging time [h]<br />

61<br />

ΔE<br />

40<br />

20<br />

0<br />

10 -1<br />

10 10 3<br />

Aging time [h]<br />

Fig. 3: Time-temperature superposition of the color data from Fig. 2 at a reference temperature of 180 o C<br />

( :90 o C, :120 o C, :150 o C, :180 o C, :naturally aging).<br />

ln(aT)<br />

16<br />

12<br />

8<br />

4<br />

0<br />

Temp.[ o C] a T<br />

180 1<br />

150 13<br />

120 190<br />

90 2260<br />

Naturally<br />

1370000<br />

aging<br />

R 2 =0.994<br />

E a=1.17×10 5 J/mol<br />

0.002 0.003 0.004<br />

1/T [K -1 ]<br />

Temp.[ o C] a T<br />

180 1<br />

150 13<br />

120 181<br />

90 1860<br />

Naturally<br />

aging<br />

1370000<br />

Fig. 4: Arrhenius plot of ln(aT) as a function of 1/T<br />

calculated from L*. (○: shift factor of accelerated<br />

aged data, ●: shift factor of naturally aging data,<br />

──:regression line to shift factors of accelerated aged<br />

data, Ea: apparent activation energy obtained from<br />

slope of regression line)<br />

References<br />

1. Kohara, J. (1958): Study on the Old Timber. Industrial and Engineering, Chiba <strong>University</strong>. 9(16):<br />

23-65.<br />

2. Stamm, A.J. (1956): Thermal Degradation of Wood and Cellulose. Industrial and Engineering<br />

Chemistry. 48(3): 413-417<br />

3. Millett, M.A., Gerhards, C.C. (1972): Accelerated Aging: Residual Weight and flexural<br />

Properties of Wood Heated in Air at 115°C to 175°C. Wood Science. 4(4): 193-201<br />

4. Kawai, S., Yokoyama, M., Matsuo, M., and Sugiyama, J. (2008): Research on the Aging of Wood<br />

in RISH. Submitted to the Joint Meeting of COST Action IE0601, Braga, Portugal.<br />

5. Ding, H.-Z., Wang, Z.D. (2007): Time-temperature Superposition Method for Predicting the<br />

Permanence of Paper by Extrapolating Accelerated Ageing Data to Ambient Conditions.<br />

Cellulose. 14(3):171-181<br />

6. Gillen, K.T., Clough, R.L. (1988): Time-Temperature-Dose Rate Superposition: A Methodology<br />

for Extrapolating Accelerated Radiation Aging Data to Low Dose Rate Conditions. Polymer<br />

Degradation and Stability. 24:137-168<br />

7. Wise, J., Gillen, K.T., and Clough, R.L. (1995): An ultrasensitive technique for testing the<br />

Arrhenius extrapolation assumption for thermally aged elastomers. Polymer Degradation and<br />

Stability. 49:403-418<br />

8. Gillen, K.T., Celina, M. (2001): The wear-out approach for predicting the remaining lifetime of<br />

materials. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 71:15-30

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