concept EIA-rapport - Staatsolie

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SRK Consulting: Project No: 439414 Staatsolie Pipeline EIA – Draft EIA Report Page 74 6.8 Cumulative impacts Anthropogenic activities can result in numerous and complex effects on the natural and social environment. While many of these are direct and immediate, the environmental effects of individual activities (or projects) can combine and interact with other activities in time and space to cause incremental or aggregate effects. Effects from disparate activities may accumulate or interact to cause additional effects that may not be apparent when assessing the individual activities one at a time (Canadian Environmental Protection Agency, no date). The IFC Procedure for Environmental and Social Review of Projects (IFC, 1998) states that environmental assessment should include consideration of “… cumulative impacts of existing projects, the proposed project and anticipated future projects.” For the purposes of this report, cumulative impacts are defined as ‘direct and indirect impacts that act together with current or future potential impacts of other activities or proposed activities in the area/region that affect the same resources and/or receptors’. 6.8.1 Cumulative impacts of existing activities It is reasonably straightforward to identify significant past and present projects and activities that may interact with the project to produce cumulative impacts, and in many respects, these are taken into account in the descriptions of the biophysical and socio-economic baseline. The main potential impacts of this project, though very limited, occur during the construction phase and affect water and habitats as well as employment and traffic. Existing activities that currently affect the above aspects, and which therefore determine the cumulative impact of all activities, are discussed in Sections 4.1 and 4.2. As most of the impacts associated with the pipelines are of very low or no significance, the pipelines project is not expected make a significant additional contribution to existing impacts on the biophysical and socio-economic resources in the study area. 6.8.2 Potential cumulative impacts of future activities Relevant future projects that are included in the assessment are defined as being those that are ‘reasonably foreseeable’, i.e. those that have a high probability of coming to pass in the foreseeable future; speculation is not sufficient reason for inclusion. For the most part, cumulative effects or aspects thereof are too uncertain to be quantifiable, mainly due to lack of (accurate) data. This is particularly true of cumulative effects arising from potential or future projects, the design or details of which may not be finalised or available and the direct and indirect impacts of which have not yet been assessed. In this particular case, however, one important future project that will determine cumulative impacts is the Staatsolie Refinery Expansion project, which the pipelines will service, and the potential expansion of the SPCS power plant. The refinery expansion is currently underway, and potential impacts of the project are well understood from the EIA that was undertaken for the project in 2009/10. Generally, the following cumulative impacts were identified for the Refinery Expansion Project: • Further alteration of the landscape (visual quality and sense of place) and reinforcement of the long term trend to urbanisation; • Acceleration of the deterioration of ambient air quality in the vicinity of the refinery; • Increase in the ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the refinery site; REUT/DALC 439414_StaatsoliePipelineEIA_Draft EIA Report_Final June 2012
SRK Consulting: Project No: 439414 Staatsolie Pipeline EIA – Draft EIA Report Page 75 • Increase in the number of employed persons, and hence those earning wages and salaries, during the construction phase of the project, leading to a likely increase in average household incomes and levels of disposable income and an improvement in the local standard of living; • Pollution of water resources (though with a minimal contribution by the Refinery Expansion Project); and • Increase in nuisance impacts such as light pollution and increased traffic on the roads and the Suriname River. Very limited detail is available regarding other future developments. However, it is considered highly likely that residential and industrial / commercial areas will continue to expand, bringing with it further intensification of the trends identified in the list above. As most of the impacts associated with the pipelines are of very low or no significance, the pipeline project is not expected to make a significant additional contribution to future cumulative impacts in the study area. The project itself is also not expected to be a catalyst for future development, as it is only intended and capable of supplying the refinery at this stage, unless any spare capacity in the pipeline will be used for further future expansion of refinery production or gasoline distribution in Suriname. However, such projects would be driven by demand in Suriname rather than pipeline capacity. 6.9 Management Plans If and when the proposed project is approved and the necessary permits granted, construction of infrastructure will commence, followed by operational activities. It is critical that mechanisms are in place before each project stage begins to ensure that the recommendations and mitigation measures contained in the EIA Report are fully and effectively implemented. Typically, a customised management plan is the mechanism through which these measures are implemented. The preparation of management plans is also consistent with the EA Guidelines published by NIMOS, which require, inter alia, that EIA reports should include: (8) Proposed Mitigation Measures or an Environmental Management Plan (EMP); (11) Follow Up & Monitoring Plan; and (12) Decommissioning Plan. Two management plans will be developed by SRK as part of the EIA process, discussed in more detail below: • An EMMP; and • A Conceptual Decommissioning Plan. The management plans will be released to stakeholders for comment together with the Draft EIA Report before being finalised. It is however important to recognise that management plans in general are living documents that will need to be periodically reviewed and updated even after their initial completion. 6.9.1 Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan The objective of the EMMP is to set out the management and monitoring measures required to both minimise any potentially adverse environmental impacts and enhance the environmental benefits of the expansion project. A further objective of the EMMP is to ensure that responsibilities and appropriate resources are efficiently allocated to implement the plan. By formally documenting environmental management measures and commitments, the EMMP serves a vital role in ensuring REUT/DALC 439414_StaatsoliePipelineEIA_Draft EIA Report_Final June 2012
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