On-Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems - Forced ...

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FIGURE 7-29 RECOMMENDED MANIFOLD DIAMETERS FOR VARIOUS MANIFOLD LENGTHS, NUMBER OF LATERALS, AND LATERAL DISCHARGE RATES (FOR PLASTIC PIPE ONLY) MANIFOLD DIAMETER (IN) fold Length (ft) Cl...... ..,-.c r I *I- ’ 20 1 25 1 30 1 35 I 40 I 45 I 50 Flow per .-_a- . . ..&I_ P--*--l L”--:l-,A ’ Lateral 1 Number of Laterals with End mi aComputed for plastic pipe only. The Hazer-r-Williams equation was used to compute headlosses through each segment (Hazen-Williams C = 150). The maximum manifold length for a given lateral discharge rate <strong>and</strong> spacing was defined as that length at which the difference between the heads at the distal <strong>and</strong> supply ends of the manifold exceeded 10 percent of the head at the distal end.
FIGURE 7-30 NOMOGRAPH FOR DETERMINING THE MINIMUM DOSE VOLUME FOR A GIVEN LATERAL DIAMETER, LATERAL LENGTH, AND NUMBER OF LATERALS / I r 4,000 - 3,500 - 3,000 - 2.500 . 2.000 6 - 1.000 > m 03 EXAMPLE 7-3 EXAMPLE 7-2 / 1 15 20 287
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DE SIGN MANUAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
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FOREWORD Rural and suburban communi
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Chapter CONTENTS Page FOREWORD ACKN
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Number FIGURES Wastewater Managemen
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FIGURES Number Page ne Saturator Sa
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FIGURES Number Page Use of Metal Ho
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Number TABLES Selection of Disposal
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Number TABLES (continued) Operati o
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TABLES (continued) Number Page of D
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In many areas, onsite systems have
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2.1 Introduction CHAPTER 2 STRATEGY
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subsurface soil absorption is the p
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features of the site (See 3.3.1 and
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2.2.2 System Selection With the pot
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2.2.4 Onsite System Management Past
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determined largely by the physical
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16 - I ,
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Step Client Contact Preliminary Eva
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FIGURE 3-2 EXAMPLE OF A PORTION OF
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Property USDA Texture Flooding Dept
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TABLE 3-3 SOIL SURVEY REPORT INFORM
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found for a subsurface soil absorpt
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Instrument Supported - Abney Level:
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FIGURE 3-8 PREPARATION OF SOIL SAMP
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Sandy Loam + _. ,i . L Silt Loam Cl
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Depth (Ft.) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Text
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Grade Structureless Weak Moderate S
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Excavated Soil Material (Tamped in
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If test results agree with this tab
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Percolation test FIGURE 3-15 PERCOL
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mm..--- - --- FIGURE 3-16 COMPILATI
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FIGURE 3-16 (continued) 0 Texture S
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13. Winneberger, J. T. Correlation
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is the overall socioeconomic status
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FIGURE 4-l FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION F
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extreme, however, minimum and maxim
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4i2.2.2 Individual Activity Contrib
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and the resultant wastewater charac
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TABLE 4-7 TYPICAL WASTEWATER FLOWS
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TABLE 4-9 FIXTURE-UNITS PER FIXTURE
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4.3.2 Wastewater Quality The qualit
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* FIGURE 4-3 STRATEGY FOR PREDICTIN
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12. Witt, M. Water Use in Rural Hom
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5.2 Water Conservation and Wastewat
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5.2.2 Water-Saving Devices, Fixture
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TABLE 5-2 (continued) Total Flo Red
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Generic Typea Description Pit Privy
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TABLE 5-4 WASTEWATER FLOW REDUCTION
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5.2.2.3 Clotheswashing Devices and
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Generic Typea Description Mixing Va
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TABLE 5-6 WASTEWATER FLOW REDUCTION
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TABLE 5-7 EXAMPLE POLLUTANT MASS RE
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FIGURE 5-l EXAMPLE STRATEGIES FOR M
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In most situations, projections of
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FIGURE 5-3 FLOW REDUCTION EFFECTS O
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5.7 References 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
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6.1 Introduction CHAPTER 6 ONSITE T
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l SauJUOdtUo3 lesodsip pue JuJmeJJa
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l salpnqs asaq 49 s3 LnsaJ ayq saz!
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hei!ues I I i I 1 I PCm I b j- I. -
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*an LeA a Lqeuoha -sanb 40 JJe pue
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(01) NOIlV3IlddV MO7 39tiVl llOzi 1
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l suo~~~puo3 Le~uawuoJ~Aua JaaLk4 p
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l 3n aqq Kq pazkJa23eJeq3 sh q3LqM
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.aJn7eJal k L aqq u k pays k Lqeasa
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9-9 37flVl pSil3111~ lN311IbWl1NI 3
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l paq aqq 40 aDe4Jns aACleJaLi4u .L
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‘8 Jaad&?ys ul pun04 aJle suoyd!s
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l Ja$lk4 ay3 ukqq!M JaaewaaseM 40 u
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‘SU !PJpJapun paaeJo4Jad JO aukoF
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P- &JLXLJ~e~Jl~Jd UJOJj C . - A 1a~
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a3ueua2ukew pue uobJeJad0 8.E.g LeJ
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sameualJnddv axanbas Jau il SLOJ7.t
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eJJaakJ3 u6isaa Z’6’E’g *asop
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318QaQEi33aNON 01-9 3msu simaotld N
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SNOIlQ~tl9I~N03 1NQld 39QI3Qd NOIlQ
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El-9 31av1 S3ItX-US 01313 1INt-l 31
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d. Method of Aeration Oxygen is tra
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contain electrical components, they
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control that results in power savin
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TABLE 6-16 OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS--EX
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I TRICKLING FILTFR FIGURE 6-12 EXAM
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presents suggested design ranges fo
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Item Media Tank Aeration System RBC
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Observation Filter Ponding Filter F
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TABLE.6-21 HALOGEN PROPERTIES (27)
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The use of chlorine as a disinfecta
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HOC1 , would predominate. It is cle
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6.5.2.5 Construction Features a. Fe
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e Wastewater FIGURE 6-14 IODINE SAT
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(experience with some units indicat
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directing flow through and around t
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FIGURE 6-17 TYPICAL UV STERILIZING
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Shigella TABLE 6-25 UV DOSAGE FOR S
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Cleaning of quartz glass enclosures
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the bubble diffuser units to lo-30
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TABLE 6-26 POTENTIAL ONSITE NITROGE
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Nitrification of septic tank efflue
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Influe? Effluent 0 Tank Denitrifica
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solution. It can be used to remove
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TABLE 6-27 POTENTIAL ONSITE PHOSPHO
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Anionic polyelectrolytes can be use
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component of the onsite treatment s
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7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16
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30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.
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58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66.
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7.1 Introduction CHAPTER 7 DISPOSAL
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7.2.1.2 System Selection The type o
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Distribution FIGURE 7-2 TYPICAL BED
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TABLE 7-l SITE CRITERIA FOR TRENCH
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TABLE 7-2 RECOMMENDED RATES OF WAST
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can slough off the sidewall. These
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FIGURE 7-3 ALTERNATING TRENCH SYSTE
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FIGURE 7-4 PROVISION OF A RESERVE A
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FIGURE 7-5 TRENCH SYSTEM INSTALLED
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TABLE 7-4 DOSING FREQUENCIES FOR VA
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The depth of the porous media may v
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Distr Pipe, FIGURE 7-6 TYPICAL INSP
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against freezing and to stabilize .
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Pertodic Deternvne Cause u O&loadin
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oils, and greases, can cause failur
Page 254 and 255: 4" Inspection Pip FIGURE 7-9 SEEPAG
Page 256 and 257: The same guidelines used in locatin
Page 258 and 259: Straw, Hay or Fabric? FIGURE 7-10 T
Page 260 and 261: I tern Landscape Position Slope Typ
Page 262 and 263: The acceptable depth to an impermea
Page 264 and 265: FIGURE 7-12 PROPER ORIENTATION OF A
Page 266 and 267: Mound Height TABLE 7-9 DIMENSIONS F
Page 268 and 269: Example 7.1: Calculation of Mound D
Page 270 and 271: 1.0 + 1.4 = - t 0.75 + 1.5 1 [ = (3
Page 272 and 273: . Fill Placement Step 1: Place the
Page 274 and 275: 7.2.4.6 Considerations for Multi-Ho
Page 276 and 277: 7.2.5.2 Application a. Site Conside
Page 278 and 279: 7.2.6 Artificially Drained Systems
Page 280 and 281: ---- FIGURE 7-17 UNDERDRAINS USED T
Page 282 and 283: periods, particularly on level site
Page 284 and 285: TABLE 7-11 DRAINAGE METHODS FOR VAR
Page 286 and 287: high water table elevation. To prev
Page 288 and 289: FIGURE 7-18 TYPICAL ELECTRO-OSMOSIS
Page 290 and 291: 7.2.8.1 Design a. Single Line . Sin
Page 292 and 293: Inlet From Pretreatment or Previous
Page 294 and 295: watertight Pipe & Joints1 FIGURE 7-
Page 296 and 297: ox networks (see Figure 7-23). Howe
Page 298 and 299: 280 s P 4
Page 300 and 301: FIGURE 7-26 LATERAL DETAIL - TEE TO
Page 302 and 303: To simplify the design of small pre
Page 306 and 307: Step 3: Select lateral diameter. Fo
Page 308 and 309: Step 8: Select proper pump or sipho
Page 310 and 311: Friction loss in 25 ft 2. Velocity
Page 312 and 313: FIGURE 7-32 DISTRIBUTION NETWORK FO
Page 314 and 315: In summary, the final network desig
Page 316 and 317: 7.2.8.3 Construction FIGURE 7-33 SC
Page 318 and 319: Since the network is pressurized, s
Page 320 and 321: FIGURE 7-35 CROSS SECTION OF TYPICA
Page 322 and 323: The capillary rise characteristic o
Page 324 and 325: The hydraulic loading rate is deter
Page 326 and 327: during the critical months of the y
Page 328 and 329: 7.3.3 Evaporation and Evaporation/I
Page 330 and 331: FIGURE 7-37 TYPICAL EVAPORATION/INF
Page 332 and 333: October November December January F
Page 334 and 335: 7.3.3.7 Seasonal, Multifamily, and
Page 336 and 337: 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
Page 338 and 339: 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.
Page 340 and 341: The grease traps discussed here are
Page 342 and 343: Type of Fixture Restaurant kitchen
Page 344 and 345: Removable Slab Inlet --CL Tee with
Page 346 and 347: - 8.3.3 Factors Affecting Performan
Page 348 and 349: The pumping head is calculated by a
Page 350 and 351: liquid level drops, the weights los
Page 352 and 353: 8.3.5 Construction The tank must be
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Hori FIGURE 8-6 TOP VIEW OF DIVERSI
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9.1 Introduction CHAPTER 9 RESIDUAL
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Parameter TABLE 9-2 CHARACTERISTICS
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Parameter Total Coliform Fecal Coli
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9.4.1 Land Disposal Four methods ca
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TABLE 9-4 (continued) Alternative D
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W z Process Lagooning (1)(13)(14) (
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Process Description Liouid Stream S
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11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.
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Some of the techniques discussed ma
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10.3.1 State Agencies Except for th
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10.3.4.1 Private Nonprofit Institut
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10.4.1.1 Standards for Site Suitabi
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Scope of Activities Perform inspect
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Scope of Activities Perform necessa
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10.4.4.1 Inspections Inspections co
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SYSTEM 1. U.S. Bureau of Reclam$t~o
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FIGURE A-2 TEXTURAL TRIANGLE DEFINI
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Class Platelike. with one dimension
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saturation may be necessary to conf
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the porosity of soils containing mo
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FIGURE A-5 SOIL MOISTURE RETENTION
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A.3.3 Flow of Water Through Layered
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GLOSSARY A horizon: The horizon for
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following chemical flocculation; wi
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floodway: A channel built to carry
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ped: A unit of soil structure such
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solids: Material in the solid state
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA (Please read
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