On-Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems - Forced ...

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Percolation test FIGURE 3-15 PERCOLATION TEST DATA FORM (17) Location Lb- /as’, /f tqh t&M /f&x fs S&/rw/~,u~ Test hole number 3 Depth to bottom of hole 2 Y inches. Diameter of hole 6 inches. Depth, inches Soil texture o-L/ 4ik ?%p SO// 4- / 2. L m ,i /;z -2’ b /-4 5.c / Percolation test by CC 2 7-e 5-f-e r Date of test b/3 f/80 Percolation rate = ‘7L$ minutes per inch. 43
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DE SIGN MANUAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
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FOREWORD Rural and suburban communi
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Chapter CONTENTS Page FOREWORD ACKN
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Number FIGURES Wastewater Managemen
Page 10 and 11: FIGURES Number Page ne Saturator Sa
Page 12 and 13: FIGURES Number Page Use of Metal Ho
Page 14 and 15: Number TABLES Selection of Disposal
Page 16 and 17: Number TABLES (continued) Operati o
Page 18 and 19: TABLES (continued) Number Page of D
Page 20 and 21: In many areas, onsite systems have
Page 22 and 23: 2.1 Introduction CHAPTER 2 STRATEGY
Page 24 and 25: subsurface soil absorption is the p
Page 26 and 27: features of the site (See 3.3.1 and
Page 28 and 29: 2.2.2 System Selection With the pot
Page 30 and 31: 2.2.4 Onsite System Management Past
Page 32 and 33: determined largely by the physical
Page 34 and 35: 16 - I ,
Page 36 and 37: Step Client Contact Preliminary Eva
Page 38 and 39: FIGURE 3-2 EXAMPLE OF A PORTION OF
Page 40 and 41: Property USDA Texture Flooding Dept
Page 42 and 43: TABLE 3-3 SOIL SURVEY REPORT INFORM
Page 44 and 45: found for a subsurface soil absorpt
Page 46 and 47: Instrument Supported - Abney Level:
Page 48 and 49: FIGURE 3-8 PREPARATION OF SOIL SAMP
Page 50 and 51: Sandy Loam + _. ,i . L Silt Loam Cl
Page 52 and 53: Depth (Ft.) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Text
Page 54 and 55: Grade Structureless Weak Moderate S
Page 56 and 57: Excavated Soil Material (Tamped in
Page 58 and 59: If test results agree with this tab
Page 62 and 63: Establishing evaporation data at a
Page 64 and 65: Depth Ft.) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Name
Page 66 and 67: 3.4 References 1. Small Scale Waste
Page 68 and 69: 4.1 Introduction CHAPTER 4 WASTEWAT
Page 70 and 71: TABLE 4-l SUMMARY OF AVERAGE DAILY
Page 72 and 73: TABLE 4-2 RESIDENTIAL WATER USE BY
Page 74 and 75: TABLE 4-3 CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPICA
Page 76 and 77: Parameter BOD5 Suspended Solids Nit
Page 78 and 79: Airport TABLE 4-6 TYPICAL WASTEWATE
Page 80 and 81: TABLE 4-8 TYPICAL WASTEWATER FLOWS
Page 82 and 83: FIGURE 4-2 PEAK DISCHARGE VERSUS FI
Page 84 and 85: 4.4.1.2 Factors of Safety To accoun
Page 86 and 87: 4.5 References 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Page 88 and 89: 5.1 Introduction CHAPTER 5 WASTEWAT
Page 90 and 91: TABLE 5-l EXAMPLE WASTEWATER FLOW R
Page 92 and 93: TABLE 5-2 WASTEWATER FLOW REDUCTION
Page 94 and 95: TABLE 5-2 (continued) Total Flow Re
Page 96 and 97: Generic Typea Description Incinerat
Page 98 and 99: Generic Typea Descriptibn Pressure-
Page 100 and 101: TABLE 5-5 WASTEWATER FLOW REDUCTION
Page 102 and 103: systems process only the wastewater
Page 104 and 105: TABLE 5-6 (continued) Devel Opment
Page 106 and 107: Wastewaters generated by fixtures o
Page 108 and 109: Sizing Item Discharge Alarm System
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To help ensure that a projected mod
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TABLE 5-9 POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF WAST
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13. Small Scale Waste Management Pr
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tuJas/Cs 1 LPJ~AO 40 aJed pJ~3al6au
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S3INUS INVl 'tX+dX StlOIWA WO&l VlV
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eLJJaLJ3 2’9’2’9 l uoia3nJasu
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P!nb!l (~EKIwH~SI~ NI saIios a3atud
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zz ZT 00s z-9 3m91zl (8) S33VdS 1lV
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*a toqueiu aq2 aAouiaJ 01 6uiAeq an
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l paq3eaJ aJe suok7cpuo3 asay aJo4a
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‘b-9 aJn6bj ui woqs s 5 s~uauQJed
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*(ET) Jetndod awo3aq oste seq spuod
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l eqaw pues aq3 u cqr+ LM JaqeMaase
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l KJessaDau sawo3aq Juawa3e LdaJ e
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s-9 318Vl StlUlIzl lN3llIWti31NI SS
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Leuoseas JeaX t TV 6ucpeo7 D.LI~~J~
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paa 3 IqoJaV pw we3 3 Ws 6u bpeol 3
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te wvw waw wdaa l 44w l 4 bun az ks
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aeld yselds 5 9-9 3m9Id ti31lIzl lN
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.L ‘uo~~ne3 4~4~ Inq ‘paLo tdwa
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StlXlIzl 9NIlVlll3tiI33kl tiOzi S3A
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l ( z) j .o*- se MOL se saJnqeJadtu
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l pahouaJ aq asnlu eipalu auIg y3ea
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l sassa3oJd asay ui sawaJa4 -4 bp 3
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l sassa3oJd asayq yq CM awa4Jadxa p
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l a3uewJo4Jad Jood 40 S$JOdaJ JO4 u
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phosphorus are normally less than 2
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have also been employed in some uni
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MLSS, mg/l TABLE 6-14 TYPICAL OPERA
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I tern Aeration Tank Aeration Syste
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for larger, centralized systems can
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In an upflow filter, wastewater flo
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6.4.3.5 Construction Features Very
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analytical services are required to
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Table 6-20 presents a listing of po
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TABLE 6-22 CHLORINE DEMAND OF SELEC
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TABLE 6-23 PERFORMANCE OF HALOGENS
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The sizing of halogen feed systems
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Water Inlet FeedTubes FIGURE 6-13 S
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and iodine crystals. Pretreated was
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It i s estimated that tablet feed c
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FIGURE 6-16 TYPICAL UV DISINFECTION
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whe e T is the draction cm' I: at 2
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6.5.3.5 Construction Features Comme
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widespread use to date has been the
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The treatment objective for nitroge
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of about 0.004 lb/cap/day (1.9 mg/c
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which conve.rt nitrate to nitrogen
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effluent samples during summer mont
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on long-term performance of these n
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6.6.3.3 Chemical Precipitation Phos
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and electronic or mechanical contro
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Residuals resulting from the treatm
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19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.
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43. Chang, S. L. Modern Concept of
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69. Beulow; R. W., K. L. Kropp, 3.
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7.2 Subsurface Soil Absorption 7.2.
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FIGURE 7-l TYPICAL TRENCH SYSTEM 20
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7.2.2.2 Application Site criteria f
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Layering Unsaturated Depth Percolat
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Conventional trench or bed designs
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hydraulic gradient across the infil
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deep trenches with a greater depth
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wastewater through the aggregate, e
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across the clogging mat, which can
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TABLE 7-5 METHODS OF WASTEWATER APP
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7.2.2.4 Construction A frequent cau
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Soils with high clay contents (grea
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little value for the proper functio
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water tables (see Chapter 3). Corre
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area (19). This design allows flexi
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Table 7-6 can be used to determine
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7.2.3.5 Maintenance A well-designed
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Id FIGURE 7-11 DETAILED SCHEMATIC O
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Depth to Impermeable Barrier Percol
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Fill Material Characteristicsa Medi
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Straw or Marsh Hay, Medium Sand Fil
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the top soil. It is only in the mor
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Bed Dimensions: A = 6 ft B = 65 ft
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Step 7: ,Design Effluent Distributi
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tolerant, as the upper portion of t
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7.2.5 Fill Systems 7.2.5.1 Descript
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If a perched water table condition
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Perchc Wate Curtain Drain- FIGURE 7
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Where the soil is permeable, underd
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Groundwater, Elevation and Gradient
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The size of the drain is dependent
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0.7- to 1.3Avolt potential (29). Co
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TABLE 7-12 DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS FO
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Pretreatment Unit FIGURE 7-19 SINGL
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The liquid level in the trenches is
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Distribution Box A Firmly Supported
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FIGURE 7-23 RELIEF LINE DISTRIBUTIO
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FIGURE 7-25 END MANIFOLD DISTRIBUTI
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,Staggered Tees or Cross. FIGURE 7-
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FIGURE 7-28 REQUIRED LATERAL PIPE D
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FIGURE 7-30 NOMOGRAPH FOR DETERMINI
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289
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Flow gw 1 % 4 5 6 7 8 1: :: 13 14 1
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Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Ste
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Step 6: Determine minimum dose volu
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TABLE 7-15 PIPE MATERIALS FOR NONPR
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The rock is placed in the excavatio
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7.3.2 Evapotranspiration and Evapot
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equired. ET systems for summer home
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Data that,quantitatively describe p
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FIGURE 7-36 CURVE FOR ESTABLISHING
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4. Crushed stone or gravel placed a
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humidity, and the resulting net eva
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Design flow: Net evaporation per ye
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Other design features which are fre
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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
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25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.
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8.1 Introduction CHAPTER 8 APPURTEN
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8.2.4 Design Sizing of grease traps
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SC =. Storage capacity factor -- mi
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The inlet, outlet, and baffle fitti
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lnfluent -- --------_ --T----------
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FIGURE 8-3 LEVEL CONTROL SWITCHES a
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333
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8.4 Flow Diversion Methods for Alte
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8.4.2 Design Diversion boxes can be
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Residual Septage Sludge Sewage Blac
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Parameter Total Phosphorus Grease A
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Accumulation rates of residuals dif
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TABLE 9-4 LAND DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVE
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Sanitary landfills in the United St
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Process Composting (1) Anaerobic Di
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9.5 References 1. Bowker, R. P. G.,
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10.1 Introduction CHAPTER 10 MANAGE
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10.2.2 Authority Needed by Manageme
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these units have financial authorit
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Scope of Activities Perform all sit
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suited sites. As an alternative to
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10.4.3 Operation and Maintenance Tr
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10.4.3.3 Licensure/Registration To
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A.1 Introduction APPENDIX A SOIL PR
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Twelve textural classes are defined
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The form, size and stability of the
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their ability to absorb and treat w
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FIGURE A-3 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A L
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FIGURE A-4 UPWA,RD MOVEMENT BY CAPI
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HYDRAULIC SOIL 1000 FIGURE A-6 COND
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A.5 References FIGURE A-7 SCHEMATIC
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iochemical oxygen demand (BOD): Mea
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crust: A surface layer on soils, ra
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mapping unit: A soil or combination
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layers in'physical, chemical, and b
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unsaturated flow: The movement of w
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EXAMPLES OF SOIL MOTTLING (EXAMPLES
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