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Ixvi SOME NOTICE OF TUB
Dublin, find that it was Milo de Cogan who rushed to "the
1
walls" to the assault, ami took the city. Reginald's tower
at Waterford, still standing, stood there at the time of the
English invasion. And castles, built by the earliest
invaders, under Turgesius, were to be seen in Giraldus's
day, empty and neglected by the Irish, who, he adds, des-
pised stone walls, and made woods their strongholds, and
bogs their trenches.*
If the Ostmen have left few such monuments in England
they have left there strong evidence of their conquests by
the many names of places to be found with Danish termi-
nations. The contrast between the effects of their rule in
England and Ireland in this respect is Danish names
striking.
Considering their long residence in Ireland it is surprising
England. how few names of places underwent a change such as took
place in the north and east of England, and in the Hebrides.
In the latter country the examination of 12,700 names of
places showed that they were nearly all Norse names ;
and
that any Gaelic names were bestowed after the Gaelic
language was reintroduced, subsequent io the cession of the
Hebrides to Scotland in 1266. 3
i "Conquest ofIreland," chapters
xvi.,xvii. The Norman "Geste" of
the Conquest also says (p. 129):
" Li riche rei ad dune bailie
Dyvelin en garde,
la cite" :
E le Chastel et le dongun
A Huge de Laci le barun."
*
Topography of xxxvii.
Ireland, cap.
" The Northmen in the Hebrides.
The usual monthly meeting of the
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
was held last week at Edinburgh.
The first paper read was a communication
by Captain F. W.
Thomas, K.N., F.S.A., Scotland, in
which he discussed the question:
'
Did the Northmen extirpate the
Celtic inhabitants of the Hebrides in
the ninth century? '
and answered
it in the affirmative. Altogether
Captain Thomas had examined
about 12,700 names and the re-
sults of this elaborate inquiry were
considered conclusive. In the
rentals of Lewis and Harris, for
instance, there are 269 entries of
place names, and of these 200 are
Scandinavian and sixty-four are
English, and three uncertain. Thus
the Scandinavian names are nearly
four times more numerous than the
Gaelic. But this by no means
represents the relative importance
of the places so named, for while
on the Norse-named townlands