Formal Approaches to Semantic Microvariation: Adverbial ...

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Commynes Mémoires. t.2. (1498-1491). p. 74 b. ...que l’on ...that the one pouvait could peu faire de chose dont ils ne fussent few do of thing which they neg were avertiz warned ‘...that one could do few things of which they were not warned’ Olivier LaMarche. Mémoires. t2. (c. 1470) p. 291 At this point, beaucoup has entered the language, and we find similar QAD sentences with this quantifier. (30) a. depuis since mon my partement, departure, ilz auront beaucoup aprins de nouvelles they have a lot learned of news ‘Since my departure, they would have learnt a lot of news’ de Bueil. Le Jouvencal t.2. (1461-1466). p. 126 b. Et peu l’en beaucoup donner de aide et de secours and can to him/to it a lot give of aid and of help ‘And he can give him a lot of aid and of help ’ de Bueil. Le Jouvencal. t.1. (1461-1466) p. 142 We additionally find splits with both peu and beaucoup over a [+Tense] element. (31) a. Mais peu y treuvent de confort but little there find of comfort ‘But they find little comfort there’ Christine de Pizan. Le Livre de la Mutacion de Fortune t.1. (1400). p. 85 b. Beaucoup a lot y a de païs en nostre Europe there have of countries in our Europe 82
‘There are a lot of countries in our Europe’ Charles Estienne. L’agriculture et maison rustique. (1564). p.27 The distribution of DPs containing peu and beaucoup in the Middle French corpus is shown in tables 2 and 3. The DFM corpus is roughly twice the size of the TFA corpus. Therefore, to facilitate the comparison with the OF data on peu, I reduced the DFM corpus to a size comparable to the corpus of Old French, trying to keep texts of the same genre as found in the TFA. Century Continuous DP Split [+Tense] V Split [-Tense] V Total 14 137 1 2 140 15 358 6 4 368 16 127 2 0 129 Total 622 9 6 637 Table 2: Occurrences of DPs with peu in the (adjusted) DFM corpus Since beaucoup is rarer than peu in the language, to get enough examples, I used the entire DFM corpus to study this quantifier. Century Continuous DP Split [+Tense] V Split [-Tense] V Total 14 1 0 0 0 15 187 1 3 191 16 102 1 2 105 Total 290 2 5 297 Table 3: Occurrences of DPs with beaucoup in the DFM corpus 83
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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angele
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3.3.1 Split DPs in Old French . . .
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction This thesis
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concrete example of the contributio
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The thesis is organized as follows:
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As pointed out by Keenan & Westerst
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following definitions for beaucoup
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‘I slept a lot’ b. Je suis beau
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(21) Let s 1 ∈ N such that 0 < s
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involves unreducible binary quantif
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dently, are islands for movement. A
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a. ...parce qu’une longue bibliog
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f. Elle a tellement applaudi que..
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2.1.2.3 Multiplicity of Events Anot
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. Elle vient d’avoir beaucoup d
Page 31 and 32: ‘Jean has owned a lot of horses
Page 33 and 34: sis [i.e. movement analysis-H.B], s
Page 35 and 36: object. Other more complicated move
Page 37 and 38: Only the (internal) arguments of V
Page 39 and 40: Semantic incorporation has been pro
Page 41 and 42: Based on a study of the scope prope
Page 43 and 44: QAD sentences with multiple events
Page 45 and 46: . Quatre mille navires sont passés
Page 47 and 48: She proposes that nouns contain two
Page 49 and 50: (Doetjes (1997: 271, her (40)) Seco
Page 51 and 52: As shown below, like souvent, rarem
Page 53 and 54: (79) a. J’ai rarement apprécié
Page 55 and 56: 2.2.1 The Unreducibility of BCP SF
Page 57 and 58: (where s = 1 or t = 1, and s or t =
Page 59 and 60: phrases in object position are comb
Page 61 and 62: . *J’ai beaucoup écrit ma thèse
Page 63 and 64: As mentioned above, a major problem
Page 65 and 66: She attributes this exceptional vio
Page 67 and 68: (106) Different students answered d
Page 69 and 70: (2) a. Dans cette cassette, il a be
Page 71 and 72: (10) J’ai beaucoup appelé de mè
Page 73 and 74: (16) Theorem 2: For all s ∈ N, BC
Page 75 and 76: BCP 1 s ({x : ∃e(Reading(e,I,x) &
Page 77 and 78: c. *Marie beaucoup a lu de livres M
Page 79 and 80: . la perte doit moult desplaire the
Page 81: (28) Peu portent fruit et assez fue
Page 85 and 86: The second argument that Split [+Te
Page 87 and 88: 3.3.3 Summary In the study of the e
Page 89 and 90: (40) J’ai beaucoup mangé de pomm
Page 91 and 92: (45) a. il confessa qu’il avoit b
Page 93 and 94: (1) pas ‘not’, point ‘not’,
Page 95 and 96: in this way to account for another
Page 97 and 98: (10) is entirely true for Québec F
Page 99 and 100: avoid confusion, I therefore re-nam
Page 101 and 102: quantifiers Q ′ leads to the cons
Page 103 and 104: and cannot combine with a one-place
Page 105 and 106: As first noticed by Obenauer (1976)
Page 107 and 108: 4) The frequency adverb souvent ‘
Page 109 and 110: Nevertheless, Rizzi and Obenauer’
Page 111 and 112: forward: The polyadic elements comb
Page 113 and 114: quantifiers in Québec French, I st
Page 115 and 116: (Doetjes (2007)). (52) L’été pa
Page 117 and 118: I proposed that the elements that l
Page 119 and 120: BIBLIOGRAPHY Adams, Marianne. 1987.
Page 121 and 122: Doetjes, Jenny. 1997. Quantifiers a
Page 123 and 124: Labelle, Marie and Daniel Valois. 2
Page 125: Rowlett, Paul. 1996. Negative Confi
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