Statistical Analysis of Trends in the Red River Over a 45 Year Period

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Table 3.1: Defined Seasons. Season Months Description Spring February - March rising limb of hydrograph Summer April - May peak streamflow Fall June - August falling limb of hydrograph Winter September - January low flow, ice-cover period Concentrations of dissolved calcium (Figure 3.2) are quite similar between the three stations however data were sparse at the south floodway near St. Norbert and the Selkirk monitoring stations. At the Emerson monitoring station the boxplot is symmetric and takes the appearance of an approximately normal distribution. Concentrations of dissolved sodium (see appendix Figure A.2) appear to be extremely skewed to the right with a few outlying observations with a maximum value at 305.0 mg/l and high values of dissolved sodium occurring from November 1988 through January 1989. The median values of the concentrations of dissolved potassium and magnesium (see appendix Figures A.3 and A.4) are similar between stations and follow an approximately normal distribution at the Emerson station. There is more data for the analysis of the concentrations of dissolved sulphate at the south floodway near St. Norbert and Selkirk monitoring stations (see appendix Figure A.5) than the previous constituents. The Emerson station exhibits the greatest degree of variability amongst the three stations possessing values from 4.0 mg/l to 1050.0 mg./l of dissolved sulphate. Concentrations of dissolved calcium have median concentrations between 56.3 mg/l and 73.0 mg/l and range from 4.60 mg/l to 130.0 mg/l with few evident outliers. The median and mean concentration of dissolved sodium are similar amongst the stations, however the Emerson station exhibit values ranging from 1.70 mg/l to 305.0 mg/l, this can be indicative of seasonal change and change in flow rate. The medians and means for the concentrations of dissolved sulphate are much higher at the Selkirk monitoring station compared with the Emerson and south floodway near St. Norbert stations. Total dissolved solids which are calculated by summing the 14
v.1.56. CAS# n/a WQStat Plus TM BOX & WHISKERS PLOT 150 112 75 37 0 Emerson 912 obs. Sthfldwy 4 obs. Selkirk 9 obs. Constituent: Dissolved Calcium (mg/l) Facility: WQTrendAnalysis Data File: ZZ Figure Date: 3.2: 6/4/09 Boxplot of dissolved calcium (mg/l) Time: depicting 7:49 AMthe five number View: summary zz of the constituent Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com) 15
Page 1 and 2: Statistical Analysis of Trends in t
Page 3 and 4: 5 Comparison of Non-Parametric and
Page 5 and 6: List of Figures 1.1 The Red River B
Page 7 and 8: A.8 Boxplot of Specific Conductance
Page 9 and 10: A.41 Dissolved Calcium Flow Adjustm
Page 11 and 12: A.67 Dissolved Sulphate Flow Adjust
Page 13 and 14: A.93 Specific Conductance Flow Adju
Page 15 and 16: Mann-Kendall or Seasonal Mann-Kenda
Page 17 and 18: Using ancillary data, data obtained
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 1 Introduction The Red Rive
Page 21 and 22: oped by Aldo Vecchia (United States
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 2 Streamflow Data and Conce
Page 25 and 26: Table 2.1: Selected characteristics
Page 27 and 28: of testing for seasonality. If it y
Page 29 and 30: Table 2.3: Sample size of stations
Page 31: Figure 3.1: Mean monthly streamflow
Page 35 and 36: concentrations of major anions and
Page 37 and 38: Table 3.3: Kruskal-Wallis test for
Page 39 and 40: The N ′ individual slope estimate
Page 41 and 42: As most parameters consistently exh
Page 43 and 44: Table 3.4: Seasonal Mann-Kendall Te
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 4 Parametric Methods used f
Page 47 and 48: log denotes the base-10 logarithm;
Page 49 and 50: Figure 4.1: Daily Streamflow at Eme
Page 51 and 52: Figures 4.3-4.8 depict the recorded
Page 53 and 54: 1 1 CONCENTR CONCENTR 1955 1960 196
Page 55 and 56: Table 4.1: Fitted Single Linear Tre
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 5 Comparison of Non-Paramet
Page 59 and 60: 5.2 Future Recommendations First an
Page 61 and 62: • Uses full power of the maximum
Page 63 and 64: Hamed, Khaled.,; 2008, Trend Detect
Page 65 and 66: Appendix A Figures A.1 Boxplots of
Page 67 and 68: v.1.56. CAS# n/a WQStat Plus TM BOX
Page 69 and 70: Figure A.7: Boxplot of Total Dissol
Page 71 and 72: v.1.56. CAS# n/a WQStat Plus BOX &
Page 73 and 74: Figure A.13: Seasonality pattern of
Page 75 and 76: A.3 Non-Parametric Trend Results Th
Page 77 and 78: Figure A.19: Long term temporal tre
Page 83 and 84:
Figure A.27: Long term temporal tre
Page 85 and 86:
A.4 Parametric Trend Results The fo
Page 87 and 88:
Figure A.31: Dissolved Sodium at Em
Page 89 and 90:
Figure A.33: Dissolved Magnesium at
Page 91 and 92:
Figure A.35: Dissolved Chloride at
Page 93 and 94:
Figure A.37: Specific Conductance a
Page 95 and 96:
05102500 RED RIVER OF THE NORTH AT
Page 97 and 98:
1 1 CONCENTR CONCENTR 500 RED RIVER
Page 99 and 100:
CONCENTR 500 RED RIVER OF THE NORTH
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
CONCENTR ● CONCENTR 0 0 1955 1960
Page 105 and 106:
CONCENTR CONCENTR 00 RED RIVER OF T
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
CONCENTR 1 1.5 ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !
Page 111 and 112:
CONCENTR 0.5 1 ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
CONCENTR ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Page 117 and 118:
CONCENTR ! CONCENTR 2 2 1955 1960 1
Page 119 and 120:
A.5.2 South Floodway at St. Norbert
Page 121 and 122:
CONCENT ! CONCENT 2 2 floodway dspc
Page 123 and 124:
A.5.3 Selkirk Monitoring Station 10
Page 125 and 126:
CONCENT ! CONCENT 2 2 selkirk dspc
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Statistical Analysis of Trends in the Red River Over a 45 Year Period

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