3.0 Affected Environment - Knik Arm Bridge and Toll Authority

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Knik Arm Crossing DraftFinal EIS Affected Environment Site 48 – Aurora North Fuel Sales Site 48 is located at 1040 East 1st Avenue. Five USTs and 500 cubic yards of contaminated soil were removed from the property in 1990. Since then, additional contaminated soil has been removed and ground water contamination documented. An NFRAP letter was issued and institutional controls were established in 2004. Ground water monitoring is ongoing and contamination is known to extend off site to the north and west (toward the project search corridors) (ADEC 2005a). 3.5.4.3.2 Erickson Alternative Phase 1 The proposed Erickson Alternative would be affected by the same sites as the Degan Alternative, primarily because access ramps and associated road improvements for the Degan Alternative would affect Erickson Street. The primary difference is that the cut-and-cover tunnel for the Erickson Alternative would be closer to Sites 2, 15, and 36 than the Degan Alternative tunnel would be. Phase 2 The proposed Ingra-Gambell Couplet for the Erickson Alternative would affect the same sites as the Degan Alternative connection to the Ingra-Gambell Couplet. For specific information on the ISA findings, ISA methodology, and identified hazardous materials sites, refer to the Initial Site Assessment Technical Report (KABATA 2006o). 3.5.5 Energy Resources There are currently no commercially feasible energy resources in the Study Area. Table 4-35, in Section 4.5.5.4, shows expected 2010 vehicular fuel consumption for the Study Area under the No-Action Alternative. 3.5.6 Ground Water Resources 3.5.6.1 The Mat-Su Aquifers in the Mat-Su area are primarily situated within glacial till, glacial outwash, and fluvial deposits overlying sedimentary and low-grade metamorphic bedrock. Glacial deposit aquifers have been described as “irregular in distribution and highly variable both in composition and in their ability to provide water to wells” (Brabets 1999). Both confined and unconfined aquifers provide potable water throughout the Study Area. A single source of regional ground water resource information for the western portion of the Mat-Su is not currently summarized or available, although USGS is in the process of compiling a regional hydrogeologic map of the Mat-Su. 31 Existing ground water data within the Study Area were compiled from the Point MacKenzie, Houston, Big Lake, and the 31 Personal communication, Ted Moran, USGS, with Elizabeth Shen, November 21, 2005. 3-130 12/18/07
Knik Arm Crossing DraftFinal EIS Affected Environment southern Wasilla areas, in addition to information from the State of Alaska’s on-line wells database (KABATA 2006l). Table 3-20 summarizes the number of wells identified within the Study Area. Table 3-20. Number of wells within the Study Area, located by township and range a Township – north Range – west Number of wells 14 4 17 15 4 17 16 4 28 17 4 94 17 3 446 16 3 79 15 3 6 14 5 3 15 5 23 15 5 6 16 5 1 Total 720 a Alaska Department of Natural Resources Well Log Tracking System (ADNR 2005) 3.5.6.1.1 Ground water quality and quantity In general, it is reported that wells situated in the glacial deposits have proven adequate for domestic supply. Community water for Wasilla is provided by four ground water wells tapping multiple unconfined aquifers. The wells range from 146 feet to 250 feet in depth. Raw water quality is very good, and the system does not require treatment other than routine chlorination. Typical domestic supply from the glacial deposits near Houston has met expectations of a range of 10 to 50 gallons per minute (gpm), while it is reported that yields as high as 1,000 gpm could be achieved through proper well design at locations near the Little Susitna River. Sandstone and coal layers at depth also provide potable water supply. Water quality concerns in the Houston area include incidental occurrences of high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and conductivity, iron, total dissolved solids (TDS), and phosphorous. Few high-capacity wells have been attempted in the Mat-Su; however, a Palmer city supply well draws 500 gpm from an aquifer at a depth of 624 feet below ground surface (bgs). Houston-area well production rates ranged from about 2 gpm for domestic bedrock wells, up to 250 gpm in institutional wells (Maynard 1987). In the Big Lake portion of the Study Area, higher yields are typical from the confined aquifer, up to 110 gpm compared with approximately 5 to 50 gpm in the shallow deposits (Hogan 1995). Drinking water quality near Big Lake is generally good; however, some wells contain constituent concentrations that exceed regulatory standards. These include TDS (as 12/18/07 3-131
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3.0 Affected Environment - Knik Arm Bridge and Toll Authority

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