3.0 Affected Environment - Knik Arm Bridge and Toll Authority

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Knik Arm Crossing DraftFinal EIS Affected Environment Table 3-31. Bird species of special status that could occur in the Study Area Common name Terrestrial-based species Scientific name USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern State of Alaska species of special concern American peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus anatum • • Rufous hummingbird Selasphorus Rufous • Olive-sided flycatcher Contopus cooperi • • Gray-cheeked thrush Caltharus minimus • • Arctic warbler Phylloscopus borealis • Townsend’s warbler Dendroica townsendi • • Blackpoll warbler Dendroica striata • • Marine-oriented species Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea • Marbled murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus • American golden-plover Pluvialis dominica • Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus • Hudsonian godwit Limosa heamastica • Black turnstone Arenaria melanocephala • Surfbird Aphriza virgata • Red knot Calidris canutus • Rock sandpiper Calidris ptilocnemis • Short-billed dowitcher Limnodromus griseus • Source: USFWS 2002; ADF&G 2005 Bird species of special concern which appeared in the 2005 survey or other surveys are summarized below. Olive-sided flycatcher The olive-sided flycatcher is considered a special status species in the Study Area. The flycatcher is primarily found in coniferous forest biomes throughout North America, but is occasionally found in mixed deciduous/coniferous forests. The olive-sided flycatcher is associated with openings, including muskegs, meadows, disturbed burned and logged areas, streams, beaver ponds, bogs, and lakes. The olive-sided flycatcher is recognized by USFWS as a National Species of Management Concern (USFWS 1995) and by ADF&G as a species of special concern (ADF&G 2005c). The olive-sided flycatcher is listed as “rare” at Elmendorf and Fort Richardson, but occurs in low numbers in the greater Anchorage area (Rothe et al. 1983; Scher 1993; Andres 2005). Olive-sided flycatchers have been recorded in small-to-moderate numbers every year in all local breeding bird surveys (Sauer et al. 2005). Gray-cheeked thrush Gray-cheeked thrush nest in shrubs and low trees in mixed deciduous/coniferous woodlands. Gray-cheeked thrush are listed as “rare to uncommon” at Elmendorf and Fort Richardson 3-206 12/18/07
Knik Arm Crossing DraftFinal EIS Affected Environment (USGS n.d.), but have not been recorded in breeding bird surveys along Burma Road or the military bases (Sauer et al. 2005). Townsend’s warbler Townsend’s warblers nest in coniferous forests, muskegs, and occasionally along rivers in red alder thickets. Large, continuous areas of mature coniferous forests with tall trees are preferred nesting habitat. Townsend’s warblers are listed as “uncommon” at Elmendorf and Fort Richardson (USGS n.d.) but they have not been recorded in breeding bird surveys along Burma Road or the military bases (Sauer et al. 2005). Blackpoll warbler Blackpoll warblers nest in wet coniferous forests and mixed deciduous/coniferous woodlands. Blackpoll warblers are listed as “uncommon” at Elmendorf and Fort Richardson (USGS n.d.) and have been recorded in small to moderate numbers every year in all local breeding bird surveys (Sauer et al. 2005). Arctic tern Arctic terns are present on a regular basis on both sides of Knik Arm in early summer 2005. Small numbers of Arctic terns were present on the east side of Knik Arm through July, usually flying along the water’s edge. This species was more common on the west side, but individuals were not present after July (KABATA 2006s). Hudsonian godwits Hudsonian godwits are common during migration in the Ship Creek and Chester Creek flats, but not in the Study Area (Gill and Tibbitts 1999; ASWG 2000; KABATA 2006s). 57 Short-billed dowitchers Short-billed dowitchers are also common during migration in the Ship Creek and Chester Creek flats, but not in the Study Area (Gill and Tibbitts 1999; ASWG 2000; KABATA 2006s). Rock sandpiper One winter resident shorebird, the rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis), ranges throughout Upper Cook Inlet and may use marine habitats in Knik Arm (Gill and Tibbitts 1999; ASWG 2000). Flocks of rock sandpipers typically return to Cook Inlet in late August or early September (Gill and Tibbitts 1999), but were not observed during the 2005 study (KABATA 2006s). 57 Spring migration usually occurs around the last week of April and first week of May. Mid-summer and fall migration occurs between the end of July and end of September. 12/18/07 3-207
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3.0 Affected Environment - Knik Arm Bridge and Toll Authority

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