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047-120 section 2.qxd 6/21/05 4:18 PM Page 57 Illustration 35 King Barrow Ridge ‘Plaque Pit’ and its contents. [A and B after Cleal and Allen 1994, figure 5; C and D after Harding 1988, figure 2.] 57
047-120 section 2.qxd 6/21/05 4:18 PM Page 58 Illustration 36 Rock art at Stonehenge. (top) Distribution of stones with prehistoric engravings. (bottom) Axes and other motifs on Stones 3, 4, and 53. [After Cleal et al. 1995, figures 17, 18, and 20 with additions.] and Young 1948; Stone 1949). There were four pits in all, each oval in plan and rather shallow. They contained Grooved Ware pottery, part of a Group VII stone axe from North Wales and a wide range of worked flint, worked stone, animal remains, fish remains, marine shells, and carbonized hazel-nut shells. The pottery provides the site-type name for one of the four recognized sub-styles of Grooved Ware (see Longworth in Wainwright and Longworth 1971, 238). Most recently, field evaluations on the site of the proposed Stonehenge Visitor Centre at Countess Road East have revealed a possible pit, a section of ditch, and a substantial collection of flintworking debris that can provisionally be dated to the third millennium BC (WA 1995; 2003a; 2004). All these features form part of what must be considered as a very extensive spread of third-millennium BC activity extending from King Barrow Ridge eastwards to the Avon, especially focusing on the higher ground south of Durrington Walls along the east side of the Avon Valley (Illustration 37). This area has been labelled the Durrington Zone by Richards (1990, 269–70). East of the Avon, similar material was found at Ratfyn in 1920 (Stone 1935; Wainwright and Longworth 1971, 5–6). A ditch (undated) and pits were the main features represented. Finds included human skeletons, Grooved Ware pottery, an axe hammer, worked flints, animal bones, and a large scallop shell suggesting links with the coast. Further south is the site of Butterfield Down which also provides abundant evidence for activity in the later third and early second millennia BC (Lawson 1993; Rawlings and Fitzpatrick 1996, 10 and 37–8). Scatters of pottery and flint artefacts dating to the third millennium BC are fairly numerous through the central part of the Stonehenge Landscape. The area around Durrington Walls is especially rich in findspots of Grooved Ware and Beaker pottery, mainly as residual finds in later contexts around the north, west, and south sides (cf. Wainwright and 58
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