GCOS Implementation Plan - WMO

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TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................1 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................1 2. Meeting the Needs of the UNFCCC for Climate Information .....................................................3 3. Agents for Implementation ...........................................................................................................6 4. Availability of Climate Data and Products...................................................................................9 5. Ensuring the Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems .........................................................10 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR THE17 GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM FOR CLIMATE IN SUPPORT OF THE UNFCCC (2010 UPDATE)...................................................................................17 1. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................17 1.1. CONTEXT..................................................................................................................................17 1.2. BACKGROUND...........................................................................................................................17 1.3. PURPOSE OF THIS PLAN – ESSENTIAL CLIMATE VARIABLES.........................................................18 1.4. EARTH SYSTEM CYCLES AND THE STRUCTURE OF THIS DOCUMENT ............................................21 2. THE STRATEGIC APPROACH TO IMPLEMENTATION.............................................................21 2.1. BASIS.......................................................................................................................................21 2.2. AGENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION..................................................................................................23 2.3. CRITERIA USED TO ASSIGN PRIORITY ........................................................................................24 2.4. PHASED APPROACH ..................................................................................................................24 2.5. GLOBAL AND INTEGRATED APPROACH........................................................................................24 2.6. BUILDING CAPACITY..................................................................................................................25 2.7. MEASURING PROGRESS – ASSESSING IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................26 2.8. COST DEFINITIONS....................................................................................................................27 3. OVER-ARCHING/CROSS-CUTTING ACTIONS ..........................................................................29 3.1. PLANNING, REPORTING AND OVERSIGHT....................................................................................29 3.2. TOWARD SUSTAINED NETWORKS AND SYSTEMS.........................................................................31 3.3. INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT FOR CRITICAL NETWORKS – TECHNICAL COOPERATION ......................32 3.4. EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES.............................................................................................33 3.5. INTEGRATED CLIMATE PRODUCTS..............................................................................................35 3.6. EARLY INSTRUMENTAL DATA AND PROXY RECONSTRUCTIONS OF PAST CLIMATES.......................37 3.7. DATA MANAGEMENT AND STEWARDSHIP ....................................................................................41 3.8. THE NEED FOR INFORMATION ON CLIMATE IMPACTS ...................................................................43 3.9. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES..........................................................................44 4. ATMOSPHERIC CLIMATE OBSERVING SYSTEM.....................................................................45 4.1. ATMOSPHERIC DOMAIN – SURFACE ...........................................................................................46 4.2. ATMOSPHERIC DOMAIN – UPPER-AIR .........................................................................................55 4.3. ATMOSPHERIC DOMAIN – COMPOSITION.....................................................................................63 4.4. ATMOSPHERIC DOMAIN – DATA MANAGEMENT ...........................................................................70 4.5. ATMOSPHERIC DOMAIN – INTEGRATED GLOBAL ANALYSIS PRODUCTS.........................................72 4.6. ATMOSPHERIC DOMAIN – SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES ...................................72 5. OCEANIC CLIMATE OBSERVING SYSTEM...............................................................................73 5.1. OCEANIC DOMAIN – SURFACE ...................................................................................................76 5.2. OCEANIC DOMAIN – SUB-SURFACE ............................................................................................92 5.3. OCEANIC DOMAIN – DATA MANAGEMENT ...................................................................................98 5.4. OCEANIC DOMAIN – INTEGRATED GLOBAL ANALYSIS PRODUCTS...............................................101 5.5. OCEANIC DOMAIN – SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES .........................................102
6. TERRESTRIAL CLIMATE OBSERVING SYSTEM ....................................................................103 6.1. GENERAL................................................................................................................................103 6.2. SPECIFIC ISSUES – TERRESTRIAL DOMAIN ECVS .....................................................................109 6.3. TERRESTRIAL DOMAIN – DATA MANAGEMENT AND REANALYSIS ................................................129 6.4. TERRESTRIAL DOMAIN – SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES...................................131 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: UNFCCC SBSTA 30: Excerpts from the conclusions on research and systematic observation..........................................................................................................................................133 APPENDIX 2: Decision 9/CP.15 - Systematic Climate Observations.................................................134 APPENDIX 3: Background on GCOS and the IP-04 ..........................................................................136 APPENDIX 4: GCOS Climate Monitoring Principles ..........................................................................142 APPENDIX 5:Agents for Implementation............................................................................................144 APPENDIX 6: List of Actions...............................................................................................................147 APPENDIX 7: List of Annex-I and non-Annex-I Parties to the UNFCCC ...........................................167 APPENDIX 8: Contributors .................................................................................................................168 APPENDIX 9: List of Tables................................................................................................................172 APPENDIX 10: Glossary of Acronyms................................................................................................173
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GCOS Implementation Plan - WMO

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