GCOS Implementation Plan - WMO

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Implementation Plan for the Global Observing System for Climate in Support of the UNFCCC (2010 Update) Spaceborne scatterometer and passive microwave radiometer data have been demonstrated to be invaluable sources for wind field information over the ocean, especially when coupled with the in situ observations in an integrated analysis product. Systematic and sustained deployment of a twoscatterometer constellation or equivalent wind-measuring systems is a key requirement. Scatterometers in particular provide large coverage and a spatial resolution of wind speed and direction that matches the scales of ocean variability. The CEOS Ocean Surface Vector Wind Constellation is working towards coordinated space agency action in this area. Action A11 66 [IP-04 A11] Action: Ensure continuous generation of wind-related products from AM and PM satellite scatterometers or equivalent observations. Who: Space agencies. Time-Frame: Continuous. Performance Indicator: Long-term satellite observations of surface winds every six hours. Annual Cost Implications: 1-10M US$ (Mainly by Annex-I Parties). ECV – Water Vapour Water vapour (humidity) measurements are obtained from the WWW/GOS surface synoptic observing networks over land. Over the oceans, the observations from VOS, including the higher-quality VOSClim, the Tropical Mooring Network, and the Reference Buoy Network provide a sparse but vital data resource. Homogeneous data are essential for assessment of the impact of changes of surface water vapour on natural and human systems. Surface water vapour data has begun to be studied in a global climate context and initial results are encouraging. Continued efforts to provide historical data to the GCOS analysis and archive centres are needed. Action A12 [IP-04 A12] Action: Submit water vapour data from national networks to the International Data Centres. Who: National Meteorological Services, through WMO CBS and International Data Centres, with input from AOPC. Time-Frame: Continuing. Performance Indicator: Data availability in analysis centres and archive, and scientific reports on the use of these data. Annual Cost Implications:
Implementation Plan for the Global Observing System for Climate in Support of the UNFCCC (2010 Update) improvements are needed to attain the required climate quality. The strong link to in situ data, e.g., from the BSRN, helps to anchor the satellite and model-based data to the spatially-sparse but more accurate surface measurements. Action A13 [IP-04 A13] Action: Submit surface radiation data with quality indicators from national networks to the World Radiation Data Centre (WRDC), and expand deployment of net radiometers at WWW/GOS surface synoptic stations. Who: National Meteorological Services and others, in collaboration with the WRDC. Time-Frame: Ongoing. Performance Indicator: Data availability in WRDC. Annual Cost Implications: 1-10M US$ (70% in non-Annex-I Parties). Action A14 [IP-04 A14] Action: Ensure continued long-term operation of the BSRN and expand the network to obtain globally more representative coverage. Establish formal analysis infrastructure. Who: Parties’ national services and research programmes operating BSRN sites in cooperation with AOPC and the WCRP GEWEX Radiation Panel. Time-Frame: Ongoing (network operation and extension); by 2012 (analysis infrastructure). Performance Indicator: The number of BSRN stations regularly submitting data to International Data Centres; analysis infrastructure in place. Annual Cost Implications: 1-10M US$ (20% in non-Annex-I Parties). 4.2. Atmospheric Domain – Upper-air 4.2.1. General The observing networks and their current status, along with the satellite data required for each ECV in the Atmospheric Domain – Upper-air, are contained in Table 8. Table 8: Observing networks and systems contributing to the upper-air component of the Atmospheric Domain. ATMOSPHERIC DOMAIN – UPPER-AIR ECV Contributing Network(s) Status Contributing Satellite Data Status Temperature Reference network of highquality and high- altitude radiosondes (GRUAN). GCOS Upper-Air Network (subset of full WWW/GOS radiosondes network) Full WWW/GOS radiosonde network. International continues to work towards establishing the reference network. About 90% of stations are reporting regularly. Many stations do not provide two observations each day. cooperation Microwave sounders GNSS occultation. Infrared sounders radio Need to ensure continuity of MSU-like radiance bands. Continuity for GNSS RO constellation needs to be secured Commercial aircraft. Aircraft observations are valuable but limited to specific routes and levels except near airports. Wind Speed and Direction GCOS Upper-Air Network (subset of full WWW/GOS radiosondes network). Full WWW/GOS radiosonde network. PILOT balloons About 90% of stations are reporting regularly; only two completely silent Visible and infrared (atmospheric motion vectors) from geostationary and polar orbit satellites. Lidar Continuity of some polar winds at risk. Awaiting ADM/Aeolus demonstration; no continuity planned. 55
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WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION I
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FOREWORD This 2010 Update of the Im
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6. TERRESTRIAL CLIMATE OBSERVING SY
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Implementation Plan for the Global
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GCOS Implementation Plan - WMO

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