Proceedings - Translation Concepts

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MuTra2005 – Challenges of Multidimensional Translation: Conference Proceedings Brigitte Horn-Helf Horn-Helf, B. (1999) Technisches Übersetzen in Theorie und Praxis, Tübingen: Francke. ----- (2003) ‚Deklarationen in Varianten der Textsorte ‘Anleitung’: Makrokulturelle Präferenzen und ihre translatorische Behandlung’, in Heidrun Gerzymisch-Arbogast, Eva Hajičová, Petr Sgall, Zuzana Jettmarová, Annely Rothkegel and Dorothee Rothfuss- Bastian (ed.s) Textologie und Translation, Tübingen: Narr: 125-144. ----- (2004) Konventionen technischer Kommunikation: Makro- und mikrokulturelle Kontraste in Anleitungen (habilitation thesis). House, J. (1997) Translation Quality Assessment. A Model Revisited., Tübingen: Narr. Kalverkämper, H. (1993) ‚Das fachliche Bild. Zeichenprozesse in der Darstellung wissenschaftlicher Ergebnisse’, in Hartmut Schröder (ed.) Fachtextpragmatik, Tübingen: Narr: 215-238. Koller, W. ( 4 1992) Einführung in die Übersetzungswissenschaft, Heidelberg and Wiesbaden: Quelle & Meyer. Kupsch-Losereit, S. (1998) ‚Interferenzen’ in Mary Snell-Hornby, Hans G. Hönig, Paul Kussmaul and Peter A. Schmitt [ed.s] Handbuch Translation, Tübingen: Stauffenburg: 167-170. Kussmaul, P. (1995) Training the Translator, Amsterdam and Philadelphia: Benjamins. Schmitt, P. A. (1999) Translation und Technik, Tübingen: Stauffenburg. Sorvali, I. (1996) Translation Studies in a New Perspective, Frankfurt am Main and Berlin etc.: Lang. Tulin N.A., V.S. Kudrjavcev and S.A. Pčelkin (SSSR), D. Verner, V. Lezel’, B. Mjuller, G. Papst and F. Štefan (FRG) (1987) Razvitie beskoksovoj metallurgii [Development of Direct Red.uction], Moskva: Metallurgija, Chapter 7. Vermeer, H. J. (1986 / 2 1994) ‚Übersetzen als kultureller Transfer’, in Mary Snell-Hornby (ed.) Übersetzungswissenschaft. Eine Neuorientierung, Tübingen: Francke: 30-53. Werner, D. (ed.) (n.d.) Progress in Direct Red.uction, Frankfurt am Main: Lurgi GmbH, Chapter 7 from German and English loose-leaf volumes. Wikiped.ia = Information From Answers.com ‘Orthographic projection’, 1-6 [www.answers.com/orthographic-projection]. 112
Jan Pedersen (Stockholm) Contents EU-High-Level Scientific Conference Series MuTra 2005 – Challenges of Multidimensional Translation: Conference Proceedings How is Culture Rendered in Subtitles? 1 Introduction 2 Extralinguistic culture-bound references 3 Previous studies 4 Strategies for rendering ECRs 5 Influencing parameters 6 Conclusions 7 References 8 Electronic resources Abstract This article investigates the translation problem, or crisis point, which may be caused by an Extralinguistic Culture-bound Reference (ECR), with particular focus on subtitling. A model is proposed, wherein all strategies available to the subtitler are listed. These are Retention, Specification, Direct Translation, Generalization, Substitution, Omission or the use of an Official Equivalent. The model also investigates the subtitling process, in that the parameters that influence the subtitler’s choice of strategy are explored. Theses parameters are Transculturality, Extratextuality, Centrality of Reference, Intersemiotic Redundancy, Co-text, Media-specific Constraints and Paratextual Considerations. Finally, it is proposed that it is unlikely that a truly unsolvable culture-bound translation problem would exist. 1 Introduction When analyzing translations for the purpose of uncovering the underlying norms in the tradition of Descriptive Translation Studies (Toury 1995), it is advantageous to study certain features that can be seen as symptomatic of these norms. These features can be called translation crisis points, and examples of these are puns, poetry, quotations or allusions. What they have in common is that they present translation problems; they constitute turning points, at which the translators have to make active decisions, and these points are thus indicative of overall strategy and to what norms the translator professes. Translation crisis points in Source and Target Texts also constitute “coupled pairs” in Toury’s sense (1995: 38). At these points, norms that normally are hidden or unconscious are thrown into relief. Granted, it is important to be aware that the translation crisis points only indicate what norms have been operative and then to proceed by analysing longer stretches of texts, but it gives the analyst a starting point. One of the most revealing translation crisis points is when some reference to the Source Culture is made, and there is no obvious official equivalent. The translation crisis point caused by a cultural reference reveals the workings of many norms, such as domestication vs. foreignization, degree of functionalism, awareness of skopos etc. This paper proposes to put forward a tentative model for analysing how cultural references are rendered in translation in general and subtitling in particular. © Copyright 2005-2007 by MuTra 113
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