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Table 1. State variables, process functions and parameters for GWSS-PD Model<br />

Variables Description<br />

AS<br />

() t Susceptible GWSS Adults<br />

AI<br />

() t<br />

Infectious GWSS Adults<br />

St () Susceptible Vines<br />

It () Infectious Vines<br />

Process Functions<br />

Process Sub-Models<br />

R( t−<br />

TJ<br />

) S<br />

Recruitment into the adult<br />

J<br />

Rt ( − TJ ) SJ = b( AS( t− TJ) + AI( t−<br />

TJ)<br />

) SJ<br />

stage<br />

Dt () Death rate for a stage Linear constant death rate, e.g.: D () t = d A()<br />

t<br />

X()<br />

t Infection rate for GWSS X () t = α I() t A () t<br />

Yt () Infection rate for vines Yt () = β StA () () t<br />

S<br />

J<br />

Parameters<br />

b<br />

T<br />

i<br />

d<br />

i<br />

a<br />

β<br />

Survival of stage J with<br />

constant death rate<br />

Average birth rate<br />

Time in the ith stage or<br />

process<br />

Constant death rate for ith<br />

stage<br />

Transmission rate for GWSS<br />

Infection rate for vines<br />

S<br />

= exp( − d T )<br />

J J J<br />

REFERENCES<br />

Anderson, R. M. 1978. Population ecology of infectious disease agents. In: R.M. May, (ed.) Theoretical ecology: principles<br />

and applications. 2 nd edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.<br />

Diekmann, O. and J. A. P. Heesterbeek. 2000. Mathematical epidemiology of infectious diseases: Model building, analysis<br />

and interpretation. Wiley & Sons Ltd. NY.<br />

Gurney, W.S.C., R.M. Nisbet and J.H. Lawton. 1983. The systematic formulation of tractable single-species population<br />

models incorporating age structure. J. Animal Ecology 52:(2):479-495.<br />

Gurney, W.S.C. and R.M. Nisbet. 1998. Ecological Dynamics. (Chapt. 8) Oxford University Press, NY, Oxford.<br />

Kermack, W. O. and A. G. McKendrick. 1927. Contributions to the mathematical theory of epidemics. Proc. Roy. Soc. A,<br />

115:700-721.<br />

Murdoch, W.W., C.J. Briggs and R.M. Nisbet. 2003. Consumer-Resource Dynamics. Princeton University Press.<br />

Murdoch, W.W., R.M. Nisbet, S.P.Blythe, W.S.C. Gurney and J.D. Reeve. 1987. An invulnerable age class and stability in<br />

delay-differential parasitoid-host models. Am. Nat. 129:263-282.<br />

Nisbet, R.M. 1998. Delay-differential equations for structured populations. In Tuljapakar & Caswell, (eds): Structured<br />

population models in marine, freshwater and terrestrial systems. Chapman & Hall, London.<br />

Nisbet, R.M. and W.S.C. Gurney. 1983. The systematic formulation of population models for insects with dynamically<br />

varying instar duration. Theor. Pop. Biol. 23:114-135.<br />

Perring, T.M., C.A. Farrar, R.K. Krell, and Y.L. Park. 2003. Treatment thresholds for the glassy-winged sharpshooter based<br />

on the local epidemiology of PD spread. Pp. 104-106 In Proceedings, Pierce’s Disease Research Symposium, 8-11 Dec.<br />

2003, San Diego, CA. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA.<br />

Shampine, L.F. and S. Thompson. 2001. Solving DDE's in Matlab. Appl. Numer. Math. 37:441-458.<br />

Shampine, L.F. 2004. Solving ODEs and DDEs with residual control. Appl. Numer. Math. to appear.<br />

van den Driessche, P. and J. Watmough. 2002. Reproduction numbers and sub-threshold endemic equilibria for<br />

compartmental models of disease transmission. Math. Biosci. 180:29-48.<br />

Wonham, M. J., T. de-Camino-Beck and M. A. Lewis. 2003. An epidemiological model for West Nile virus: Invasion<br />

analysis and control applications. Proc. Roy. Soc. London B 271:501-507.<br />

FUNDING AGENCIES<br />

Funding for this project was provided by the University of California Pierce’s Disease Grant Program.<br />

S<br />

I<br />

A<br />

A<br />

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